<span style="font-family:Verdana;">We are confronting a new threat in the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria followed by epidemic spread in aquatic environments in metropolitan areas because d...<span style="font-family:Verdana;">We are confronting a new threat in the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria followed by epidemic spread in aquatic environments in metropolitan areas because damage from river floods is increasing remarkably in Japan due to global extreme weather. The sewer penetration rate is about 100% in Tokyo and reclaimed water from sewage treatment plants accounts for over 50% of all water in both the down- and mid-stream areas of local rivers. The water quality of these rivers, which contain microflora, seems to be seriously affected by reclaimed water. In this study, we collected water samples on July 17, 2018 and examined the behavior of antibiotic-resistant fecal coliforms in the stream of a sewage treatment plant in Tokyo. Extended-spectrum </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-lactamase (ESBL)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-producing fecal coliforms with encoding genes were found;the CTX-M-1, CTX-M-9, TEM, and SHV groups were found to have survived in the final effluent to the river after sterilization with sodium hypochlorite.展开更多
An optimal design of wastewater reuse for a University is concerned in this paper. The raw water and the capacity of wastewater reuse were determined according to the wastewater characteristic of a university; the tre...An optimal design of wastewater reuse for a University is concerned in this paper. The raw water and the capacity of wastewater reuse were determined according to the wastewater characteristic of a university; the treatment process was chosen by building a cost-benefit model; and the modeling test was performed about the operation effect of the proposed project and the recommended water quality of reclaimed water. It is estimated that 3.4×10^5 m^3/a tap water and 6.1×10^5 Yuan/a will be saved if the project was put into operation and the proposed project will reduce the total quantity of pollutant efficiently and bring lots of social and economic benefits.展开更多
China's water shortage situation is grim.Deep exploration of non-traditional water resources and relief of contradiction between China's economic development and water resources shortage is the only way to ens...China's water shortage situation is grim.Deep exploration of non-traditional water resources and relief of contradiction between China's economic development and water resources shortage is the only way to ensure the sustainable development of China.Urban sewage treatment and reclamation is a more stable and widely used method of non-traditional water resources development and utilization.However,urban centralized reclaimed water treatment faces many problems such as high transportation cost and difficulty in laying reusing pipe network.Relatively speaking,decentralized reclaimed water treatment technology has obvious advantages and is gradually getting more attention.In this research,three types of wastewater treatment process featured with urban decentralized low-carbon ecological technology have been mainly introduced.In addition,the operating data of relevant domestic and foreign engineering cases were analyzed from the perspectives of treatment effect,energy consumption level,applicable scale and occupied area,etc.This study considers that these three new sewage processes based on the principle of ecological engineering have the advantages of compact structure,small footprint,low water consumption,stable effluent quality,beautiful appearance and large applicable scale,and are worthy of researching and importing.展开更多
Population growth, urbanization, water resources pollution, environmental awareness, uneven distribution of water resources and water scarcity have necessitated water reuse especially in arid and semi-arid countries. ...Population growth, urbanization, water resources pollution, environmental awareness, uneven distribution of water resources and water scarcity have necessitated water reuse especially in arid and semi-arid countries. Influent and effluent data of chemical and biological analyses from four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the Sedibeng district municipality (SDM) were used to assess the viability of water reuse. Available worldwide water reuse criteria of Water Reclamation Plants (WRPs) for different reuse options were used to characterize the SDM’s four WWTPs for potable water, power and steel industrial water reuse. Only WWTP4 does not meet the influent design criteria of the New Goreangab WRP in Windhoek, Namibia of 43 mg/l and the DWAF general limit of discharge of 75 mg/l used by Beaufort West WRP in South Africa for COD. WWTP2 and 4 do not meet the DWAF general limit of 25 mg/l for suspended solids. Some of the water quality parameters of the effluents from these plants were non-compliant to the requirements for reuse in power generation and steel manufacturing. However, the implementation of advance treatment technologies such as membrane or advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) as part of the treatment train in a potential WRP would address the water quality issues. Water reclamation of SDM effluent either through direct (DPR) or indirect potable (IPR) water reuse, power generation and steel manufacturing industry has the potential of reuse in the Southern Gauteng region. The success of the selected option would be depended on cost effectiveness, stakeholder commitment and public acceptance of the reuse strategy.展开更多
The occurrence and removal of 13 antibiotics were investigated in five wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） with advanced wastewater treatment processes in Beijing, China. Most of the target antibiotics were detected...The occurrence and removal of 13 antibiotics were investigated in five wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） with advanced wastewater treatment processes in Beijing, China. Most of the target antibiotics were detected in the secondary and tertiary effluents, with the concentrations of 4.8-1106.0 and 0.3-505.0ng·L^-1. Fluoroquinolone antibiotics showed relatively high concentrations in all samples （782-1814ng·L^-1）. Different tertiary treatment processes showed discrepant antibiotics removal performances. Ozonation process was found more effective in removing target antibiotics compared to the coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation process and sand filtration process. Investigation of the target antibiotics in three typical urban rivers in Beijing was carried out to understand antibiotics occurrence in surface water environment. Eight antibiotics were detected in the studied rivers, with highest concentration of antibiotics in the fiver which was mainly replenished by reclaimed water. This study showed the necessity of employing more effective advanced treatment facilities to further reduce the discharge amount of antibiotics.展开更多
文摘<span style="font-family:Verdana;">We are confronting a new threat in the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria followed by epidemic spread in aquatic environments in metropolitan areas because damage from river floods is increasing remarkably in Japan due to global extreme weather. The sewer penetration rate is about 100% in Tokyo and reclaimed water from sewage treatment plants accounts for over 50% of all water in both the down- and mid-stream areas of local rivers. The water quality of these rivers, which contain microflora, seems to be seriously affected by reclaimed water. In this study, we collected water samples on July 17, 2018 and examined the behavior of antibiotic-resistant fecal coliforms in the stream of a sewage treatment plant in Tokyo. Extended-spectrum </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">β</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-lactamase (ESBL)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-producing fecal coliforms with encoding genes were found;the CTX-M-1, CTX-M-9, TEM, and SHV groups were found to have survived in the final effluent to the river after sterilization with sodium hypochlorite.
文摘An optimal design of wastewater reuse for a University is concerned in this paper. The raw water and the capacity of wastewater reuse were determined according to the wastewater characteristic of a university; the treatment process was chosen by building a cost-benefit model; and the modeling test was performed about the operation effect of the proposed project and the recommended water quality of reclaimed water. It is estimated that 3.4×10^5 m^3/a tap water and 6.1×10^5 Yuan/a will be saved if the project was put into operation and the proposed project will reduce the total quantity of pollutant efficiently and bring lots of social and economic benefits.
基金Sponsored by National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China(2013BAJ02B02)National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2014ZX07406002)Research on Application of Decentralized Wastewater Ecological Treatment in Buildings and Communities(Y2016073)
文摘China's water shortage situation is grim.Deep exploration of non-traditional water resources and relief of contradiction between China's economic development and water resources shortage is the only way to ensure the sustainable development of China.Urban sewage treatment and reclamation is a more stable and widely used method of non-traditional water resources development and utilization.However,urban centralized reclaimed water treatment faces many problems such as high transportation cost and difficulty in laying reusing pipe network.Relatively speaking,decentralized reclaimed water treatment technology has obvious advantages and is gradually getting more attention.In this research,three types of wastewater treatment process featured with urban decentralized low-carbon ecological technology have been mainly introduced.In addition,the operating data of relevant domestic and foreign engineering cases were analyzed from the perspectives of treatment effect,energy consumption level,applicable scale and occupied area,etc.This study considers that these three new sewage processes based on the principle of ecological engineering have the advantages of compact structure,small footprint,low water consumption,stable effluent quality,beautiful appearance and large applicable scale,and are worthy of researching and importing.
文摘Population growth, urbanization, water resources pollution, environmental awareness, uneven distribution of water resources and water scarcity have necessitated water reuse especially in arid and semi-arid countries. Influent and effluent data of chemical and biological analyses from four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the Sedibeng district municipality (SDM) were used to assess the viability of water reuse. Available worldwide water reuse criteria of Water Reclamation Plants (WRPs) for different reuse options were used to characterize the SDM’s four WWTPs for potable water, power and steel industrial water reuse. Only WWTP4 does not meet the influent design criteria of the New Goreangab WRP in Windhoek, Namibia of 43 mg/l and the DWAF general limit of discharge of 75 mg/l used by Beaufort West WRP in South Africa for COD. WWTP2 and 4 do not meet the DWAF general limit of 25 mg/l for suspended solids. Some of the water quality parameters of the effluents from these plants were non-compliant to the requirements for reuse in power generation and steel manufacturing. However, the implementation of advance treatment technologies such as membrane or advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) as part of the treatment train in a potential WRP would address the water quality issues. Water reclamation of SDM effluent either through direct (DPR) or indirect potable (IPR) water reuse, power generation and steel manufacturing industry has the potential of reuse in the Southern Gauteng region. The success of the selected option would be depended on cost effectiveness, stakeholder commitment and public acceptance of the reuse strategy.
文摘The occurrence and removal of 13 antibiotics were investigated in five wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） with advanced wastewater treatment processes in Beijing, China. Most of the target antibiotics were detected in the secondary and tertiary effluents, with the concentrations of 4.8-1106.0 and 0.3-505.0ng·L^-1. Fluoroquinolone antibiotics showed relatively high concentrations in all samples （782-1814ng·L^-1）. Different tertiary treatment processes showed discrepant antibiotics removal performances. Ozonation process was found more effective in removing target antibiotics compared to the coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation process and sand filtration process. Investigation of the target antibiotics in three typical urban rivers in Beijing was carried out to understand antibiotics occurrence in surface water environment. Eight antibiotics were detected in the studied rivers, with highest concentration of antibiotics in the fiver which was mainly replenished by reclaimed water. This study showed the necessity of employing more effective advanced treatment facilities to further reduce the discharge amount of antibiotics.
