Alpha-GalCer Administration after Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation Improves Immune Reconstitution in Mice

Objective To explore the effect of α-galactosyleramide （α-GalCer） on immune reconstitution under acute graft-versus-host disease （aGVHD）. Methods BALB/c mice were transplanted with allogeneic C57BL/6 bone marrow cells and splenocytes （both 1 × 10^7） after receiving lethal total-body irradiation, α-GalCer （100 ug/kg） or vehicle （dimethyl- sulfoxide） was administered intraperitoneally immediately after transplantation. The effects of α-GalCer on immune reconstitufion, proliferation of T cells and B cells, hematopoiesis, and thymic microenvironment were assessed. Results The α-GalCer group exhibited higher percentages of CD3^＋, CD4^＋, CD8^＋, B220^＋, CD40＋, and CD86＋cells compared with the vehicle group. The number of colony forming unit per 1000 CD34^＋ cells in the et-GalCer group was higher than in the vehicle group （P=0.0012）. In vitro proliferation assays showed that the α-GalCer group had higher percentages of CD3^＋, CD4^＋, CD8^＋, and B220^＋ cells compared with the vehicle group. As for the results of in vivo proliferation assays, the numbers of CD3^＋, CD4^＋, CD8^＋, and B220^＋ cells were higher in the α-GalCer group than in the normal group, especially the number of B220^＋ cells （P=0.007）. Significant difference was not found in thymocyte count between the α-GalCer group and the vehicle group, nor in the percentages of CD3^＋, CD4^＋, and CD8^＋ cells. Conclusion Administration of tl-GalCer after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation may promote immune reconstitution in the presence of aGVHD.

Acceleration of Immune Reconstitution after Bone Marrow Transplantation in Mice by Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Line Transfected with IL-6 Gene

To observe potential effect of the engineered bone marrow stromal cell line QXMSC1 secreting IL-6 (QXMSCIL-6) on accelerating immune reconstitution in syngeneic bone marrow transplantation in mice, QXMSC1 was transfected with the eukaryocytic expression vector pcDNAIL-6, which contained hIL-6 cDNA by liposome-mediated gene transfecting technique. G418-resistance clone was selected by limiting dilution. The highest secreting clone was selected by ELISA assay and used in animal experiments. The recipient mice (BALB/c) were lethally irradiated and cotransplanted syngeneic bone marrow (10 7/mice) and the QXMSC1IL-6 (5×10 5/mice). Lymphocyte proliferation induced by ConA and LPS, helper T lymphocyte precursor (HTLp), cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursor (CTLp), plaque-forming cell (PFC), delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) were examined 30, 60 days in post transplantation respectively. The results showed that lymphocytes proliferation to ConA and LPS, HTLp, CTLp increased, DTH and PFC were improved by cografted stromal cells QXMSC1IL-6 on 30, 60 days after BMT. These results demonstrated that the bone marrow stromal cell line QXMSC1IL-6 transfected with IL-6 (QXMSC1IL-6) accelerated immune reconstitution in syngeneic bone marrow transplantation.

Effects of Ligustrazine on Expression of Bone Marrow Heparan Sulfates in Syngeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation Mice

To explore the effects of ligustrazine on bone marrow heparan sulfates (HS) expression in bone marrow transplantation (BMT) mice, the syngeneic BMT mice were orally given 2 mg ligustrazine twice a day. On the 7th, 10th, 14th, 18th day after BMT, peripheral blood cells and bone marrow nuclear cells (BMNC) were counted, and the expression levels of HS in bone marrow and on the stromal cell surfaces were detected by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry assay respectively. In ligustrazine-treated group, the white blood cells (WBC) and BMNC on the 7th, 10th, 14th, 18th day and platelets (PLT) on the 7th, 10th day were all significantly more than those in control group (P<0.05). The bone marrow HS expression levels in ligustrazine-treated group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05) on the 7th, 10th, 14th, 18th day. However, the HS expression levels on the stromal cell surfaces showed no significant difference between the two groups on the 18th day (P>0.05). It was concluded that ligustrazine could up-regulate HS expression in bone marrow, which might be one of the mechanisms contributing to ligustrazine promoting hematopoietic reconstitution after BMT.

Enhancing Effects of Ligustrazine on Expression of CD31 and Hematopoietic Reconstitution in Syngenic Bone Marrow Transplantation of Mice

Summary： The effect of ligustrazine on the expression of CD31 in syngenic bone marrow transplantation （BMT） mice was studied. Fifty-six Balb/c mice were divided into 3 groups： normal control group. BMT control group, and ligustrazine treated group. Syngenic BMT mouse models were established according to the literatures. In BMT control group and the ligustrazine treated group, the mice were given respecxively orally 0.2 mL saline and 2 mg ligustrazine twice a day. On the 7th, 14th, and 21st day after BMT, the mice were killed. The expression of CD31 on the surface of bone marrow nuclear cells （BMNC） was detected by flow cytometry. Peripheral blood leukocytes, platelets and BMNC were counted. Histological observation of bone marrow was made. The results showed thai in ligustrazine treated group the peripheral blood leukocylcs, platelets and BMNC counts, and the expression of CD31 on the day 7, 14, 21 after BMT were higher than in BMTcontrol group （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. In conclusion, ligustrazine could obviously enhance the CD31 expression on the surface of BMNC after syngcnic BMT in mice, which may be one of the mecha- nisms underlying the ligustrazine accelerating hematopoietic reconstitution in syngenic BMT.

Study on the Effect of Ligustrazine on Hematopoietic Reconstitution in Bone Marrow Transplantation Mice

To explore tile effects of ligustrazine on hematopoietic reconstitution and its mechanism after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), the allogenic BMT mice were given intra-abdominal injection of 2,mg ligustrazine twice a day. On the 1st, 7th, 14th, and 28th day after BMT, peripheral blood cells and bone marrow nuclear cells (BMNC) were counted, and the histological features were evaluated. On the 7th, 14th, 21st day after BMT, CXCR4 expression on the BMNC was assayed. The results showed that peripheral blood cell counts and BMNC counts in ligustrazine-treated group on the 7th, 14th, 28th day were higher than those in BMT group (P<0. 01 or P<O. 05). The percentage of hematopoietic tissue volume, fat tissue hyperplasia and congestion and dilation degree of microvessel in ligustrazine-treated group on the 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th day was higher than those in BMT group. The CXCR4 expression levels in ligustrazine-treated group were higher than in BMT group (P<0.01 or P<0. 05) on the 7th and 14th day, and were lower than in BMT group on the 21st day (P<0. 01 ). It is concluded that the ligustrazine can accelerate hematopoietic reconstruction, enhance growth of hematopoietic tissues and promote the repair of microvessels. The CXCR4 expres- sion levels on BMNC may be responsible for the effect of ligustrazine.

Effects of Ligustrazine on Hematopoiesis in the Early Phase of Bone Marrow Trans plantation Mice

To investigate the effects of Ligustrazine on histogenesis of bone marrow in the early phase of hematopoietic reconstruction in bone marrow transplantation (BMT ) mice. The syngeneic BMT mice model was established. The syngeneic BMT mice were orally given 2 mg Ligustrazine twice a day. 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15 and 21 day(s) after BMT, peripheral blood granulocytes and bone marrow nucleated cells (BMNC) were counted and the diameter of central vein and the area of micro vessel in femur were measured. The effect of Ligustrazine on hematopoietic stem cells was observed by colony forming unit of spleen (CFU S). The effect of Ligustrazine on hemopoietic progenitors was studied by observing the number of progenitors of Granulocytes/Macrophage on day 10 and day 20 after BMT. In Ligustrazine treated group, the diameter of center veins and the area of micro vessel of femur were all significantly less than the control group 7, 10, 15, 21 days after BMT ( P <0.01). In addition, Ligustrazine significantly increased the number of CFU S on day 10 and the number of CFU GM on day 10, 20 after BMT. These results indicate that Ligustrazine can accelerate the histogenesis of hemopoietic bone marrow, which may be one mechanism by which Ligustrazine promotes hematopoietic reconstitution after BMT.

流式细胞术分析小鼠骨髓移植后肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞重建及细胞来源

目的:探讨小鼠接受骨髓移植8周后肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞的重建,并确定其分化来源。方法:向接受致死照射剂量的C57BL/6受体小鼠(CD45.2)尾静脉注射同种同基因小鼠(CD45.1)全骨髓单个核细胞(wBMMNC)5×10^(6)个。移植后第8周取对照组(未经照射的CD45.2小鼠)和移植组小鼠外周血、腹腔灌洗液、脾脏和骨髓细胞,制备细胞悬液并裂解红细胞,计数有核细胞总数,并利用流式抗体进行染色,分析不同组织中肥大细胞及嗜碱性粒细胞的比例和细胞数,并通过对细胞中CD45.1和CD45.2的占比情况分析其供受体分化来源。结果:小鼠骨髓移植8周后,腹膜腔中肥大细胞比例和骨髓中嗜碱性粒细胞比例均恢复正常,与对照组无显著差异;外周血和脾脏中嗜碱性粒细胞比例也有所恢复,与对照组有显著差异(P<0.05)。腹膜腔肥大细胞中CD45.2阳性细胞占比约为93.4%,外周血、脾脏以及骨髓细胞嗜碱性粒细胞中CD45.1阳性细胞占比分别为87.6%、96.4%、90.8%。结论:小鼠经骨髓移植8周后,腹膜腔中肥大细胞和骨髓中嗜碱性粒细胞重建较快,外周血和脾脏中嗜碱性粒细胞重建相对较慢。同时,肥大细胞分化来源于宿主自体驻留细胞,而嗜碱性粒细胞分化则来源于供体骨髓细胞。

Study on blocking the leukemia immune escape after BMT by Fas-Fas ligand pathway

Background To investigate if bone marrow transplantation (BMT) with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) transducted with murine soluble Fas gene (sFas) using adenovirus vector could block the immune escape of leukemia cells eliminate the residual leukemia cells and reduce their relapse.Methods The recombinant adenovirus vector with murine sFas, adsFas, and the control vector adEGFP were constructed using homologous recombination between two plasmids in Escherichia coli. BMT was carried out after the BMMCs were infected with Adenoviruses. The mice models of leukemia/lymphoma were constructed by inoculating female C57BL/6 mice (H-2 b) with 10 5 EL4 cells/mouse through caudal vein. Donors of bone marrow grafts were syngeneic male mice. BMMCs were infected with AdsFas or AdEGFP 24 hours before (Group D or E). The following three groups were simultaneously used: Group A, no BMMCs transplanted; Group B, transplanted with BMMCs not infected with adenoviruses; Group C, only transfusing EL4 cells, neither irradiation nor BMT. The hematopoietic reconstitution, generation of leukemia/lymphoma and the survival rate were observed in all groups after BMT. Results The adenovirus vectors were successfully constructed. The titre of virus after purification was up to 2.5×10 11 pfu/ml. Spleen indices examined 11 days after BMT were not obviously different among Group B, D and E (P>0.05), but indices in Group A were significantly lower than those in the latter three groups (P<0.01). Counts of leukocytes and platelets on +30 day showed mice were reconstituted satisfactorily in Group B and D, but very low in Group C and E. The Y-chromosomes existed 2 months after BMT and examination of bone marrow cytology showed that Group B and D were almost normal, but Group C and E had plenty of lymphoblast-like tumor cells. Tumors were obviously observed in the mice of Group C and E by histopathological examination, but the mice in Group B and D were normal. The survival rates were 0 (0/4) in Group A, 100% in Group B (6 /6) and D (16/16), 12.5% (2/16) in Group C and 6.25% (1/16) in Group E respectively. It is demonstrated that, in contrast with the control (Group EGFP), surviv al rate was significantly increased in the sFas Group (P<0.01). Conclusions The transfer of sFas gene by adenovirus changed the prognosis state of leukemia/lymphoma mice after auto-BMT. The transduction of sFas might block the effect of the immune escape of EL4 cells through FasL. These results could thus provide a new direction to find a way to treat the leukemia and its recurrence after BMT.

辐照小鼠骨髓移植后造血和免疫系统重建的动态过程

目的研究小鼠骨髓移植后造血和免疫系统重建的动态过程,为优化造血干细胞移植治疗方案和药物研究提供支持。方法60只CD45.2^(+)雄性C57BL/6小鼠作为受体鼠,随机均分为正常对照组和移植组,移植组经致死剂量钴60射线全身照射后,经尾静脉输注移植CD45.1^(+)雄性C57BL/6小鼠骨髓细胞,正常对照组尾静脉注射等体积PBS。移植后1,2,4,8和16周取2组受体鼠外周血、脾、淋巴结、胸腺和骨髓,外周血进行血常规检测,其他样本制备细胞悬液后利用自动细胞计数仪测定细胞总数,用荧光抗体染色,用流式细胞术分析髓系白细胞和红细胞祖细胞比例、巨核细胞及其祖细胞比例及造血干细胞比例。结果骨髓移植后4周,移植组小鼠外周血白细胞和红细胞数量恢复至正常对照组同等或更高水平(P<0.05);血小板数量虽有明显恢复,但直至16周仍低于正常对照组(P<0.05)。骨髓移植后4周,移植组小鼠外周血、脾、淋巴结和骨髓中髓系白细胞和B细胞及骨髓中巨核细胞和红细胞祖细胞的比例恢复至正常对照组同等水平,且髓系白细胞和B细胞均由自供体的CD45.1^(+)细胞占据主导地位。骨髓移植后8周,移植组受体小鼠外周血、脾、淋巴结、胸腺和骨髓中T细胞的比例恢复至正常对照组相同水平,并以CD45.1^(+)T细胞占据主导地位。结论骨髓移植后8周,受体小鼠的造血和免疫系统重建基本完成,但不同细胞的重建速度及同种细胞在不同部位的重建动态过程具有较大差异。

How mesenchymal stem cell cotransplantation with hematopoietic stem cells can improve engraftment in animal models

BACKGROUND Bone marrow transplantation(BMT)can be applied to both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic diseases;nonetheless,it still comes with a number of challenges and limitations that contribute to treatment failure.Bearing this in mind,a possible way to increase the success rate of BMT would be cotransplantation of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)and hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs)to improve the bone marrow niche and secrete molecules that enhance the hematopoietic engraftment.AIM To analyze HSC and MSC characteristics and their interactions through cotransplantation in murine models.METHODS We searched for original articles indexed in PubMed and Scopus during the last decade that used HSC and MSC cotransplantation and in vivo BMT in animal models while evaluating cell engraftment.We excluded in vitro studies or studies that involved graft versus host disease or other hematological diseases and publications in languages other than English.In PubMed,we initially identified 555 articles and after selection,only 12 were chosen.In Scopus,2010 were identified,and six were left after the screening and eligibility process.RESULTS Of the 2565 articles found in the databases,only 18 original studies met the eligibility criteria.HSC distribution by source showed similar ratios,with human umbilical cord blood or animal bone marrow being administered mainly with a dose of 1×10^(7) cells by intravenous or intrabone routes.However,MSCs had a high prevalence of human donors with a variety of sources(umbilical cord blood,bone marrow,tonsil,adipose tissue or fetal lung),using a lower dose,mainly 106 cells and ranging 104 to 1.5×107 cells,utilizing the same routes.MSCs were characterized prior to administration in almost every experiment.The recipient used was mostly immunodeficient mice submitted to low-dose irradiation or chemotherapy.The main technique of engraftment for HSC and MSC cotransplantation evaluation was chimerism,followed by hematopoietic reconstitution and survival analysis.Besides the engraftment,homing and cellularity were also evaluated in some studies.CONCLUSION The preclinical findings validate the potential of MSCs to enable HSC engraftment in vivo in both xenogeneic and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation animal models,in the absence of toxicity.

Immunological study on the transplantation of an improved deproteinized heterogeneous bone scaffold material in tissue engineering

Objective： To observe the immune response after the transplantation of a deproteinized heterogeneous bone scaffold and provides the theoretic reference for clinical practice. Methods： The fresh pig bone and deproteinized bone were transplanted respectively to establish BABL/C thigh muscle pouches model of male mice and take the samples for detection at 1, 2, 4, 6 weeks after operation. Lymphocyte stimulation index, subset analysis, serum specific antibody IgG, cytokine detection and topographic histologic reaction after implantation were investigated. Results： After the transplantation of deproteinized bone, lymphocyte stimulation index, CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ T-lymphocyte subsets, serum specific antibody IgG and cytokines in deproteinized bone group were significantly lower than those in fresh pig bone group at each time point （P〈0.05）. The histological examination found that in fresh bone group at each time point, a large quantity of inflammatory cells infiltrated in the surrounding of bone graft, and they were mainly lymphocytes, including macrophages and monocytes. In deproteinized bone group, there were few inflammatory cells infiltration around bone graft one week after operation. The lymphocytes were decreased as time went by. At 6 weeks, fibroblasts and fibrous tissue grew into the graft, and osteoclasts and osteoprogenitor cells appeared on the verge. Conclusions： The established heterogeneous deproteinized bone has low immunogenicity and is a potentially ideal scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.

磷酸钙骨水泥载药核心的块型重组合异种骨体内缓释及修复兔长段感染性骨缺损的研究

目的 寻找抗感染的块型重组合异种骨制备工艺简便的药物缓释方式 ,一期修复感染性长段骨缺损。方法 将载药的自凝固磷酸钙骨水泥 (calcium phosphate cement,CPC)分 4柱置入块型重组合异种骨 (massivereconstituted bone xenograft,MRBX) ,制成 CPC载药核心的块型重组合异种骨 (CPC- MRBX)。用 18只成年大白兔行体内缓释实验。按照术后 1、2、5、10、15、2 0、2 5、30和 35 d分为 9组 ,每组 2只。将 CPC- MRBX植入兔骶棘肌肌袋中 ,按各时间点测定动物的血药浓度 ,并从植骨处取软组织测定植骨区周围的药物浓度。动物模型采用兔股骨感染长段骨缺损模型 ,共 4 0只。外固定架位于膝上 1.5～ 2 .0 cm ,邻近截骨处的固定针距离截骨端 0 .5～ 0 .8cm,针道方向垂直于股骨前外侧面 ,并在植入材料后适当加压。实验组 (n=2 5 )用 CPC- MRBX修复 ,对照组 (n=15 )将自体骨段回植。术后观察动物饮食、活动和伤口的变化 ;在 4、8、16和 2 4周分别行影像学、组织学观察两组骨愈合情况。 结果 CPC- MRBX的制备过程在常温、常压下顺利完成 ,体内药物缓释实验显示组织中有效药物浓度可以维持 30 d左右 ,同时血药浓度无明显增高。动物模型的固定方法可靠 ,术后实验组动物一般情况可。术后 4 d动物能够正常站立 ,X线片示?

抗感染重组合异种骨对犬污染性桡骨缺损的一期植骨修复作用

目的 探讨抗感染重组合异种骨 ( anti- infective reconstituted bone xenograft,ARBX)对犬污染性桡骨缺损的一期植骨修复的效果。 方法 在重组合异种骨 ( reconstituted bone xenograft,RBX)基础上 ,结合抗生素局部缓释技术 ,制备具有较强抗感染能力和较高成骨作用的 ARBX。取成年杂种犬 8只 ,于双侧桡骨中上段制成 15 mm节段性骨缺损 ,在缺损处注入 5× 10 6 CFU / ml金黄色葡萄球菌 1ml,静置 15分钟后 ,于双侧缺损区分别植入 ARBX、RBX,并用钢板固定。术后 6个月对存活的 6只犬进行取材 ,通过解剖学、X线片、组织学及细菌学检查 ,比较 ARBX和 RBX一期植骨修复犬污染性桡骨缺损的效果。 结果 术后 6个月 ,ARBX侧有 5只完全修复 ,1只中央部 3mm缺损未修复 ,均无骨髓炎表现 ,标本细菌培养均为阴性。 RBX侧有 1只部分修复 ,5只未能修复 ,残留 8～ 13mm缺损 ,均有明显骨髓炎表现 ,标本细菌培养均为阳性。 结论 ARBX具有较高成骨活性和较强的抗菌能力 。

抗感染重组合异种骨的生物相容性研究

目的 检测抗感染重组合异种骨（ARBX）产品的生物相容性,确保ARBX产品在临床上安全、有效。方法 根据卫生部制定的《生物材料和制品的生物学评价标准》及《相关生物材料和制品的企业标准 Q/JGY001-94》,进行了ARBX急性毒性试验、过敏性试验、熟原试验、骨内埋植试验、肌内埋植试验、溶血试验及细胞毒性试验。结果ARBX未引起小鼠急性毒性反应、豚鼠过敏反应及家兔热原反应。在兔骨内和小鼠肌内埋植,既未产生纤维包膜,也未引起淋巴细胞及炎性细胞浸润。对家兔红细胞溶血率为1.2％,无溶血现象。体外细胞毒性反应指标R=0.25/0,无细胞毒性。结论ARBX的生物相容性符合国家规定的生物材料和制品的生物学标准及企业标准,可试用于临床治疗相关疾病。

单倍体相合骨髓移植白血病患者造血重建的临床研究

为研究未去除T细胞的单倍体骨髓移植后造血重建的特点 ,对 15例HLA 2 - 3个位点不匹配骨髓移植亲属供者使用G CSF 3- 4 μg/ (kg·d) ,连续 7天后采髓。预处理方案采用大剂量阿糖胞苷联合环磷酰胺和全身照射。应用环孢菌素A和氨甲喋呤、抗胸腺细胞球蛋白及霉酚酸酯 (MMF)预防移植物抗宿主病。移植后观察血像、骨髓像、行染色体分析及HLA位点鉴定。移植后分别于 3,6和 12个月及 2年追踪鉴定植入状态。结果发现 ,15例患者全部移植物植入 ,移植后中性粒细胞 >0 .5× 10 9/L和血小板 >2 0× 10 9/L的时间分别为 18(13- 2 3)天及 2 2 (16- 32 )天。骨髓像显示各系造血均恢复。 7例应用染色体检查 ,8例应用HLA位点 ,4例应用血型 ,1例应用DNA指纹检测 ,植入鉴定结果除 1例复发患者于移植后 2个月骨髓复发植入鉴定为供、受者嵌合外 ,其他患者均呈持续全部稳定植入。移植后发生I度急性GVHD 8例 ,II-IV度GVHD 5例 ,可评价的慢性GVHD共 8例。结论 :供者应用G CSF后采髓 ,加大预处理剂量 ,联合应用作用机理不同的多种免疫抑制剂进行HLA单倍体的骨髓移植 ,可跨越人类HLA多样性屏障。

大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞对同种异体骨髓移植造血重建的影响

为了探讨大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymalstemcell,MSC)对同种异体骨髓移植造血重建的影响,建立大鼠同种异体骨髓移植模型,通过外周血像检测、病理分析和流式细胞术检测综合评价MSC对骨髓移植(bonemarrowtransplantation,BMT)的积极作用。结果表明:①共移植后30天,MSC可在致死量照射的受者存活,并被发现受者胸腺、脾脏和骨髓;②MSC可促进BMT后造血重建,促进外周血白细胞、淋巴细胞和血小板的明显恢复;促进骨髓细胞数恢复及B淋巴系、巨核系分化增强;有利骨髓组织学的明显恢复发善。结论:大鼠MSC与骨髓共移植可在受体的造血器官长期存在,MSC可明显促进同种异体骨髓移植后造血重建。

骨髓移植造血重建过程中干/祖细胞增殖特性的研究<英文>

为了探讨骨髓移植造血重建过程中干/祖细胞增殖的特性,我们采用病理形态学、BMNC计数、抗5-FU BMNC计数、外源性CFU-S(12)和骨髓连续移植等方法,对造血重建过程不同阶段的干/祖细胞增殖特性,进行了动态的对比研究。实验结果表明,在移植后第3天,骨髓内可见少数淋巴样细胞呈小灶性分布,第5—9天细胞灶迅速扩大,细胞形态表现为淋巴样细胞,至第11天才出现不同阶段的分化细胞;第5—9天BMNC数和抗5-FU BMNC数迅速增加,随后增殖速度明显减缓;第9天骨髓的CFU-S(12)数和重建长期造血的能力高于第5天和21天的骨髓。本实验结果提示,骨髓移植后造血细胞呈小灶性分布,重建造血初期造血干/祖细胞迅速增殖而无明显分化表现,此阶段骨髓细胞的重建长期造血能力增强,提示造血干细胞有扩增。

川芎嗪对骨髓移植小鼠CD44表达的作用研究

为探讨川芎嗪对骨髓移植小鼠早期造血重建过程中黏附分子CD4 4表达水平的影响 ,将BALB c小鼠随机分为 3组 :正常对照组 ,骨髓移植对照组 (简称对照组 )和骨髓移植 +川芎嗪治疗组 (简称川芎嗪组 ) ,对照组和川芎嗪组每天分别胃饲生理盐水和川芎嗪。于骨髓移植 (BMT)后第 7,14 ,2 1,2 8天处死小鼠 ,计数外周血细胞、骨髓有核细胞 ,分析骨髓中造血组织面积及成熟红细胞容量 ,用流式细胞术和免疫组织化学检测骨髓细胞上CD4 4的表达水平 ,并于第 10天取小鼠脾脏 ,计数脾集落形成单位。结果显示 ,骨髓移植后第 7,14 ,2 1,2 8天川芎嗪组外周血白细胞、血小板、骨髓有核细胞计数、骨髓中造血组织面积均显著高于移植对照组 ,外周血红细胞计数在第 7,14 ,2 1天也较对照组为高 ;同时 ,川芎嗪组CFU S计数明显高于同期移植对照组 ,骨髓中成熟红细胞容量则显著低于对照组 ,川芎嗪组CD4 4的表达在第 7,14 ,2 1,2 8天明显高于对照组。结论 :川芎嗪可提高骨髓移植小鼠骨髓细胞表面CD4 4的表达水平 ,促进造血干 祖细胞的归巢 ,加速移植后骨髓的造血重建。

川芎嗪对同基因骨髓移植小鼠骨髓细胞PECAM-1/CD31分子表达与造血重建的作用

本研究通过观察骨髓移植后小鼠骨髓中血小板内皮细胞间黏附分子 (PECAM 1/CD31)的表达水平变化及川芎嗪对其表达的调节作用 ,进一步探讨川芎嗪促进骨髓造血微环境修复、改善造血重建的作用机制。将BALB/c小鼠随机分为正常对照组 ,单纯BMT对照组和川芎嗪治疗组 (骨髓移植 +川芎嗪 ) ,接受 7.5Gy60 Coγ射线一次性全身均匀照射 ,照射后进行同基因小鼠骨髓移植 ,并分别胃饲等量生理盐水与川芎嗪注射液 ,2次 /天。骨髓移植后第 7,14 ,2 1天 ,采用流式细胞术检测小鼠骨髓有核细胞表面CD31分子表达水平 ,计数外周血白细胞、血小板及骨髓有核细胞数 ,并做骨髓组织学检查。结果表明 :骨髓移植后第 7,14 ,2 1天川芎嗪治疗组的CD31表达水平 ,外周血白细胞、血小板和骨髓有核细胞计数以及骨髓细胞增生程度均高于骨髓移植对照组 (P <0 .0 1或P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :川芎嗪可以明显促进骨髓移植后骨髓有核细胞表面黏附分子CD31的表达水平 ,这可能是其促进造血重建的作用机制之一。

非清髓性骨髓移植诱导异基因受者小鼠免疫耐受的实验研究

本研究通过非清髓性预处理方案联合髓腔内骨髓移植(IBMBMT)建立异基因小鼠免疫耐受模型,并探讨其诱导耐受的机理。受鼠为雌性C57BL/6(H2b,B6)小鼠,于第0天接受60Coγ线全身照射(TBI),4小时内输注雄性BALB/c(H2d)小鼠来源的骨髓细胞(BMC),2天后腹腔注射环磷酰胺(CTX)。通过皮肤移植、混合淋巴细胞反应(MLR)检测耐受状态,并通过体外过继转移实验、IL2逆转实验等探讨免疫耐受的机制。结果显示,经骨髓移植的B6小鼠对BALB/c小鼠的皮肤移植物平均存活时间(MST)>150天,较对照组明显延长(P<0.01);骨髓移植后第90天,受鼠(黑色)表型开始呈现供鼠(白色)颜色特征。MLR结果证明,B6小鼠获得供体特异性耐受,该耐受可以被IL2逆转且可被过继转移;所有受鼠均未出现GVHD表现。结论:非清髓预处理联合髓腔内骨髓移植可以有效地诱导异基因小鼠免疫耐受,克隆无能、抑制细胞存在及嵌合体产生均参与耐受的形成。