Objective: To evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of rectal cancer diagnosed as adenoma in biopsy. Methods: 50 rectal cancer cases diagnosed as adenoma in biopsy were analyzed retrospectively in this stud...Objective: To evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of rectal cancer diagnosed as adenoma in biopsy. Methods: 50 rectal cancer cases diagnosed as adenoma in biopsy were analyzed retrospectively in this study by comparing the biopsy and postoperative pathology. Results: Among these 50 patients, biopsy pathology showed 26% (13/50) adenoma with mild dysplasia, 30% (15/50) adenoma with moderate dysplasia, and 44% (22/50) adenoma with severe dysplasia. In 8 cases, the adenomas were smaller than 2cm. On postoperatively surgical pathology, only 10 cases were carcinoma-in-situ, while 40 cases were invasive cancer. Conclusion: Special emphasis should be taken to biopsy-negative rectal adenomas and those smaller than 2cm.展开更多
目的探讨表观扩散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)术前无创评估直肠腺瘤瘤体是否癌变的可行性。方法回顾性分析71例已经过手术病理证实的直肠病变患者(直肠腺瘤患者21例、直肠腺瘤并癌变患者14例及直肠腺癌患者36例)的MRI平扫...目的探讨表观扩散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)术前无创评估直肠腺瘤瘤体是否癌变的可行性。方法回顾性分析71例已经过手术病理证实的直肠病变患者(直肠腺瘤患者21例、直肠腺瘤并癌变患者14例及直肠腺癌患者36例)的MRI平扫及DWI检查,ADC值由b值为0 s/mm^(2)和1000s/mm^(2)的DWI检查计算所得,测量肿瘤的平均ADC值及最小ADC值,根据直肠腺瘤、直肠腺瘤癌变及直肠腺癌进行分组,采用独立样本t检验分别比较分析。结果直肠腺瘤及腺瘤癌变分组的最小ADC值(1.126±0.134比1.015±0.107,P=0.015)、直肠腺瘤及腺癌分组的平均A D C值(1.277±0.099比1.026±0.096,P=0.000)及最小A D C值(1.126±0.134比0.995±0.087,P=0.000)、直肠腺瘤癌变及腺癌分组的平均ADC值(1.207±0.116比1.026±0.096,P=0.000)及最小ADC值(1.015±0.107比0.995±0.087,P=0.047)具有统计学学意义,仅直肠腺瘤及腺瘤癌变分组的平均ADC值(1.277±0.099比1.207±0.116,P=0.064)无统计学意义,最小ADC值在评估直肠腺瘤瘤体是否癌变中的作用优于平均ADC值。结论ADC值可在一定程度上对直肠腺瘤是否癌变做出较好预测。展开更多
Restorative proctocolectomy is the most common surgical option for patients with familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP). However,adenomas may develop in the ileal pouch mucosa over time,and even carcinoma in the pouch ha...Restorative proctocolectomy is the most common surgical option for patients with familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP). However,adenomas may develop in the ileal pouch mucosa over time,and even carcinoma in the pouch has been reported. We therefore reviewed the prevalence,nature,and treatment of adenomas and carcinoma that develop after proctocolectomy in the ileal pouch mucosa in patients with FAP. In 25 reports that were reviewed,the incidence of adenomas in the ileal pouch varied from 6.7% to 73.9%. Several potential factors that favor the development of pouch polyposis have been investigated,but many remain controversial. Nevertheless,it seems certain that the age of the pouch is important. The risk appears to be 7%to 16% after 5 years,35% to 42% after 10 years,and75% after 15 years. On the other hand,only 21 cases of ileal pouch carcinoma have been recorded in the literature to date. The diagnosis of pouch carcinoma was made between 3 to 20 years(median,10 years) after pouch construction. Although the risk of malignant transformation in ileal pouches is probably low,it is not negligible,and the long-term risk cannot presently be well quantified. Regular endoscopic surveillance,especially using chromoendoscopy,is recommended.展开更多
AIM To determine the frequency and risk factors for colorectal cancer(CRC) development among individuals with resected advanced adenoma(AA)/traditional serrated adenoma(TSA)/advanced sessile serrated adenoma(ASSA). ME...AIM To determine the frequency and risk factors for colorectal cancer(CRC) development among individuals with resected advanced adenoma(AA)/traditional serrated adenoma(TSA)/advanced sessile serrated adenoma(ASSA). METHODS Data was collected from medical records of 14663 subjects found to have AA, TSA, or ASSA at screening or surveillance colonoscopy. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease or known genetic predisposition for CRC were excluded from the study. Factors associated with CRC developing after endoscopic management of high risk polyps were calculated in 4610 such patients who had at least one surveillance colonoscopy within 10 years following the original polypectomy of the incident advanced polyp. RESULTS84/4610(1.8%) patients developed CRC at the polypectomy site within a median of 4.2 years(mean 4.89 years), and 1.2%(54/4610) developed CRC in a region distinct from the AA/TSA/ASSA resection site within a median of 5.1 years(mean 6.67 years). Approximately, 30%(25/84) of patients who developed CRC at the AA/TSA/ASSA site and 27.8%(15/54) of patients who developed CRC at another site had colonoscopy at recommended surveillance intervals. Increasing age; polyp size; male sex; right-sided location; high degree of dysplasia; higher number of polyps resected; and piecemeal removal were associated with an increased risk for CRC developmentat the same site as the index polyp. Increasing age; right-sided location; higher number of polyps resected and sessile endoscopic appearance of the index AA/TSA/ASSA were significantly associated with an increased risk for CRC development at a different site. CONCLUSION Recognition that CRC may develop following AA/TSA/ASSA removal is one step toward improving our practice efficiency and preventing a portion of CRC related morbidity and mortality.展开更多
目的评价3.0T磁共振动态对比增强成像(dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging,DCEMRI)及扩散加权成像(diffusion-weighted imaging,DWI)在绒毛状腺瘤和直肠癌鉴别诊断中的作用。方法收集2015年3月-2016年3月在新疆医科...目的评价3.0T磁共振动态对比增强成像(dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging,DCEMRI)及扩散加权成像(diffusion-weighted imaging,DWI)在绒毛状腺瘤和直肠癌鉴别诊断中的作用。方法收集2015年3月-2016年3月在新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院经病理证实的10例绒毛状瘤患者和30例直肠癌患者作为实验组,选取14例正常人作为对照组,两组均行3.0T DCE-MRI及DWI检查。比较两组容积转运常数(Volume transfer constant,K^(trans))、速率常数(Rate constant,K_ep)、容积百分数(Volume per unit tissue volume,V_e)及表观扩散系数(Apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC),并分析ADC值对绒毛状腺瘤与直肠癌的诊断效能。结果对照组与实验组患者的K^(trans)、K_ep、V_e及ADC值差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。以ADC<0.905×10^(-3)mm^2/s为鉴别直肠癌与绒毛状腺瘤的界值,其敏感性为84.6%,特异性为87.5%。结论 K^(trans)、K_ep、V_e及ADC值对绒毛状腺瘤和直肠癌的鉴别诊断具有参考价值。展开更多
目的系统性评价阿司匹林预防结直肠腺瘤的有效性和安全性。方法结合所有随机双盲安慰剂数据对照试验来评价阿司匹林对结直肠腺瘤的预防作用,检索Medline(1966年1月至2009年1月)数据库,OVID(1996年1月至2009年1月)数据库,Embase(1980年1...目的系统性评价阿司匹林预防结直肠腺瘤的有效性和安全性。方法结合所有随机双盲安慰剂数据对照试验来评价阿司匹林对结直肠腺瘤的预防作用,检索Medline(1966年1月至2009年1月)数据库,OVID(1996年1月至2009年1月)数据库,Embase(1980年1月至2009年1月)数据库,中国生物医学文献数据库(CBMdisk,1996年1月至2009年1月),并鉴定随机对照研究(RCT)的质量。按Jadad质量评分进行评定。用Rev Man 4.2软件进行荟萃分析。结果共有5篇文献,其中4篇为随机临床对照试验,1篇为队列研究;共有24 770例纳入研究,任何剂量阿司匹林与安慰剂比较,预防结直肠腺瘤的发生,P=0.002,PetoOR=0.82,95%CI=0.72～0.93;高剂量阿司匹林和安慰组比较,P=0.006,PetoOR=0.78,95%CI=0.65～0.93;小剂量阿司匹林和安慰组比较P=0.05,PetoOR=0.85,95%CI=0.72～1.00;各剂量阿司匹林组均可预防结直肠腺瘤的发生;发生不良反应事件的危险度各剂量阿司匹林组间比较差异无统计学意义,但中风的发生率高于安慰剂组。结论阿司匹林剂可以有效消退结直肠腺瘤性息肉,但其潜在的风险,尚不可作为常规用药,还需临床研究进一步确定在特殊人群中预防性使用非甾体类抗炎药(NSAIDs)的最佳剂量和疗程。展开更多
文摘Objective: To evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of rectal cancer diagnosed as adenoma in biopsy. Methods: 50 rectal cancer cases diagnosed as adenoma in biopsy were analyzed retrospectively in this study by comparing the biopsy and postoperative pathology. Results: Among these 50 patients, biopsy pathology showed 26% (13/50) adenoma with mild dysplasia, 30% (15/50) adenoma with moderate dysplasia, and 44% (22/50) adenoma with severe dysplasia. In 8 cases, the adenomas were smaller than 2cm. On postoperatively surgical pathology, only 10 cases were carcinoma-in-situ, while 40 cases were invasive cancer. Conclusion: Special emphasis should be taken to biopsy-negative rectal adenomas and those smaller than 2cm.
文摘目的探讨表观扩散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)术前无创评估直肠腺瘤瘤体是否癌变的可行性。方法回顾性分析71例已经过手术病理证实的直肠病变患者(直肠腺瘤患者21例、直肠腺瘤并癌变患者14例及直肠腺癌患者36例)的MRI平扫及DWI检查,ADC值由b值为0 s/mm^(2)和1000s/mm^(2)的DWI检查计算所得,测量肿瘤的平均ADC值及最小ADC值,根据直肠腺瘤、直肠腺瘤癌变及直肠腺癌进行分组,采用独立样本t检验分别比较分析。结果直肠腺瘤及腺瘤癌变分组的最小ADC值(1.126±0.134比1.015±0.107,P=0.015)、直肠腺瘤及腺癌分组的平均A D C值(1.277±0.099比1.026±0.096,P=0.000)及最小A D C值(1.126±0.134比0.995±0.087,P=0.000)、直肠腺瘤癌变及腺癌分组的平均ADC值(1.207±0.116比1.026±0.096,P=0.000)及最小ADC值(1.015±0.107比0.995±0.087,P=0.047)具有统计学学意义,仅直肠腺瘤及腺瘤癌变分组的平均ADC值(1.277±0.099比1.207±0.116,P=0.064)无统计学意义,最小ADC值在评估直肠腺瘤瘤体是否癌变中的作用优于平均ADC值。结论ADC值可在一定程度上对直肠腺瘤是否癌变做出较好预测。
文摘Restorative proctocolectomy is the most common surgical option for patients with familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP). However,adenomas may develop in the ileal pouch mucosa over time,and even carcinoma in the pouch has been reported. We therefore reviewed the prevalence,nature,and treatment of adenomas and carcinoma that develop after proctocolectomy in the ileal pouch mucosa in patients with FAP. In 25 reports that were reviewed,the incidence of adenomas in the ileal pouch varied from 6.7% to 73.9%. Several potential factors that favor the development of pouch polyposis have been investigated,but many remain controversial. Nevertheless,it seems certain that the age of the pouch is important. The risk appears to be 7%to 16% after 5 years,35% to 42% after 10 years,and75% after 15 years. On the other hand,only 21 cases of ileal pouch carcinoma have been recorded in the literature to date. The diagnosis of pouch carcinoma was made between 3 to 20 years(median,10 years) after pouch construction. Although the risk of malignant transformation in ileal pouches is probably low,it is not negligible,and the long-term risk cannot presently be well quantified. Regular endoscopic surveillance,especially using chromoendoscopy,is recommended.
基金Supported by the National Cancer Institute,No.CA170357the Mayo Clinic Center for Cell Signaling in Gastroenterology,NIDDK Mo.P30DK084567
文摘AIM To determine the frequency and risk factors for colorectal cancer(CRC) development among individuals with resected advanced adenoma(AA)/traditional serrated adenoma(TSA)/advanced sessile serrated adenoma(ASSA). METHODS Data was collected from medical records of 14663 subjects found to have AA, TSA, or ASSA at screening or surveillance colonoscopy. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease or known genetic predisposition for CRC were excluded from the study. Factors associated with CRC developing after endoscopic management of high risk polyps were calculated in 4610 such patients who had at least one surveillance colonoscopy within 10 years following the original polypectomy of the incident advanced polyp. RESULTS84/4610(1.8%) patients developed CRC at the polypectomy site within a median of 4.2 years(mean 4.89 years), and 1.2%(54/4610) developed CRC in a region distinct from the AA/TSA/ASSA resection site within a median of 5.1 years(mean 6.67 years). Approximately, 30%(25/84) of patients who developed CRC at the AA/TSA/ASSA site and 27.8%(15/54) of patients who developed CRC at another site had colonoscopy at recommended surveillance intervals. Increasing age; polyp size; male sex; right-sided location; high degree of dysplasia; higher number of polyps resected; and piecemeal removal were associated with an increased risk for CRC developmentat the same site as the index polyp. Increasing age; right-sided location; higher number of polyps resected and sessile endoscopic appearance of the index AA/TSA/ASSA were significantly associated with an increased risk for CRC development at a different site. CONCLUSION Recognition that CRC may develop following AA/TSA/ASSA removal is one step toward improving our practice efficiency and preventing a portion of CRC related morbidity and mortality.
文摘目的评价3.0T磁共振动态对比增强成像(dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging,DCEMRI)及扩散加权成像(diffusion-weighted imaging,DWI)在绒毛状腺瘤和直肠癌鉴别诊断中的作用。方法收集2015年3月-2016年3月在新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院经病理证实的10例绒毛状瘤患者和30例直肠癌患者作为实验组,选取14例正常人作为对照组,两组均行3.0T DCE-MRI及DWI检查。比较两组容积转运常数(Volume transfer constant,K^(trans))、速率常数(Rate constant,K_ep)、容积百分数(Volume per unit tissue volume,V_e)及表观扩散系数(Apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC),并分析ADC值对绒毛状腺瘤与直肠癌的诊断效能。结果对照组与实验组患者的K^(trans)、K_ep、V_e及ADC值差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。以ADC<0.905×10^(-3)mm^2/s为鉴别直肠癌与绒毛状腺瘤的界值,其敏感性为84.6%,特异性为87.5%。结论 K^(trans)、K_ep、V_e及ADC值对绒毛状腺瘤和直肠癌的鉴别诊断具有参考价值。
文摘目的系统性评价阿司匹林预防结直肠腺瘤的有效性和安全性。方法结合所有随机双盲安慰剂数据对照试验来评价阿司匹林对结直肠腺瘤的预防作用,检索Medline(1966年1月至2009年1月)数据库,OVID(1996年1月至2009年1月)数据库,Embase(1980年1月至2009年1月)数据库,中国生物医学文献数据库(CBMdisk,1996年1月至2009年1月),并鉴定随机对照研究(RCT)的质量。按Jadad质量评分进行评定。用Rev Man 4.2软件进行荟萃分析。结果共有5篇文献,其中4篇为随机临床对照试验,1篇为队列研究;共有24 770例纳入研究,任何剂量阿司匹林与安慰剂比较,预防结直肠腺瘤的发生,P=0.002,PetoOR=0.82,95%CI=0.72～0.93;高剂量阿司匹林和安慰组比较,P=0.006,PetoOR=0.78,95%CI=0.65～0.93;小剂量阿司匹林和安慰组比较P=0.05,PetoOR=0.85,95%CI=0.72～1.00;各剂量阿司匹林组均可预防结直肠腺瘤的发生;发生不良反应事件的危险度各剂量阿司匹林组间比较差异无统计学意义,但中风的发生率高于安慰剂组。结论阿司匹林剂可以有效消退结直肠腺瘤性息肉,但其潜在的风险,尚不可作为常规用药,还需临床研究进一步确定在特殊人群中预防性使用非甾体类抗炎药(NSAIDs)的最佳剂量和疗程。
