Influence of Axial Feeding on Hydroforming of Aluminum Alloy Tubular Part with Rectangular Section

The hydroforming experiment of aluminum tubular part with rectangular section was carried out to investigate influence of axial feeding on thickness distribution and calibration pressure of the corner.Thickness distribution and relation between corner radius and internal pressure were analyzed.The influence of lubricant was discussed.Microstructure and hardness of different region were observed.It is shown that thickness reduction in the transition region between the corner and center region is the biggest.Friction condition has influence both on the thickness distribution and calibration pressure of the corner.As the increase of the axial feeding,the calibration pressure is decreased.There is only little change for the microstructure,but the hardness is increased by 23.3% for the transition region.

Spontaneous emission of a moving atom in a waveguide of rectangular cross section

We study the spontaneous emission(SE) of an excited nonrelativistic two-level system(TLS) interacting with the vacuum in a waveguide of rectangular cross section. All TLS’s transitions and the center-of-mass motion of the TLS are taken into account. The SE rate and the carried frequency of the emitted photon for the TLS initially being at rest are obtained, it is found that in the first order of the mass M, the frequency of the emitted photon is smaller than the transition frequency of the TLS and the SE rate is smaller than the SE rate Γfof the TLS fixed in the same waveguide. The SE rate for the TLS initially being moving is obtained in the second order of the mass M. The SE rate is smaller than Γfbut it is dependent not only on the atomic mass but also on the initial momentum. The carried frequency of the emitted photon is decreased when it travels along the direction of the initial momentum, whereas it is increased when it travels in the opposite direction of the initial momentum.

Rectangular Section Control Technology for Silicon Steel Rolling

Rectangular section control technology （RSCT） was introduced to achieve high-precision profile control during silicon steel rolling. The RSCT principle and method were designed, and the whole RSCT control strategy was developed. Specifically, RSCT included roll contour design, roiling technology optimization, and control strategy development, aiming at both hot strip mills （HSMs） and cold strip mills （CSMs）. Firstly, through the high-performance variable crown （HVC） work roll optimization design in the upper-stream stands and the limited shifting technology for schedule-free rolling in the downstream stands of HSMs, a hot strip with a stable crown and limited wedge, ：local spot, and single wave was obtained, which was suitable for cold rolling. Secondly, an approximately rectangular section was obtained by edge varying contact （EVC） work roll contour design, edge-drop setting control, and. closed loop control in the upper-stream, stands of CSMs. Moreover, complex-mode flatness control was realized by coordinating multiple shape-control methods in the downstream stands of CSMs. In addition, the RSCT approach was applied in several silicon-steel production plants, where an outsicanding performance and remarkable economic benefits were observed.

Research and application of approximate rectangular section control technology in hot strip mills

Profile requirements of silicon steel strip are extremely high and the thickness difference of cold-rolled products is usually less than 7μm,and the profile quality of hot-rolled strip is the key to ensure the thickness difference of cold-rolled products.In order to produce the silicon steel strip with high-precision shape,the concept of quasi-rectangular rolling during hot continuous rolling was put forward;the equipment configuration and technical method of approximate rectangular section control were studied.Through the roughing multi-target load distribution technology and the roll configuration technology for uniform wear of a 4-high rolling mill,the strip crown of transfer bar was reduced and the profile control stability was guaranteed.Configuring variable contact back-up roll technology on all stands in the finishing rolling process,equipped with symmetry variable taper work roll and long-stroke intelligent shifting strategy in the downstream stands,and using side rolling lubrication technology can make the roll wear more uniform,reduce the edge drop of silicon steel strip,improve the profile quality,and make the strip section of finishing exit"quasi-rectangular".In addition,induction furnace and side heater were also equipped to guarantee the temperature uniformity of the strip,so as to improve the stability of profile control.The whole control technology is based on the 1580-mm hot continuous rolling production line,designed,and developed according to the characteristics of equipment and products,and has been successfully applied,which can obtain the approximate rectangular strip section satisfying the flatness quality,and improve the strip section precision of silicon steel and other products.

ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF RESTRAINED TORSIONAL STRESSES AND DISPLACEMENT FOR RECTANGULAR- SECTION BOX BAR WITH HONTYCOMB CORE

Differential equation of restrained torsion for rectangular-section box bar with honeycomb core was established and solved by using the method of undetermined function.Non-dimension normal stress, shear stress acting in the faceplate and shear stress acting in the honeycomb-core and warping displacement were deduced. Numerical analysis shows the normal stress attenuates quickly along x-axis. Normal stress acting on the cross section at a distance of 20 h from the fixed end is only one per cent of that acting on the fixed end.

Saint-Venant torsion analysis of bars with rectangular cross-section and effective coating layers

This paper investigates the torsion analysis of coated bars with a rectangular cross-section. Two opposite faces of a bar are coated by two isotropie layers with different materials of the original substrate that are perfectly bonded to the bar. With the Saint- Venant torsion theory, the governing equation of the problem in terms of the warping function is established and solved using the finite Fourier cosine transform. The state of stress on the cross-section, warping of the cross-section, and torsional rigidity of the bar are evaluated. Effects of thickness of the coating layers and material properties on these quantities are investigated. A set of graphs are provided that can be used to determine the coating thicknesses and material properties so as to keep the maximum von Mises stress on the cross-section below an allowable value for effective use of the coating layer.

PLASTIC POST－BUCKLING OF A SIMPLY SUPPORTED COLUMN WITH A SOLID RECTANGULAR CROSS－SECTION

The plastic post-buckling of a simply supported column with a solid rectangularcross-section is analysed by a new approach. High order terms in the asymptotic post-buckling expansions are carried out. In some aspects, the method proposed in thispaper is similar io Hutchinson's. However, the computation is simple since theintroduction is avoided of stretched coordinates. The method can be used to analyseinitial post-bifurcation of plates and shells in the plastic range.

Numerical simulation of small section rectangular tube in parallel welding

The welding temperature field and deformation of parallel arrangement small-section rectangular tubes is calculated by using a non-contact model. After comparing the computed results with the experimentally measured results, it shows that there exist big errors when applying this model to the numerical simulation of small-section rectangular tube＇ s welding temperature field and deformation. Based on a simple analysis of the errors, a contact model is presented. The heat transfer and stress analysis between small-section rectangular tubes and clamping fixture are simulated by using direct constraints method, and then the laws of the temperature distribution, which coincide with experiment, are obtained. A further numerical analysis of the stress and deformation are made, it shows that a ＂T＂ shaped stress-field is formed in the vicinity of the weld. As the stress-field departs from the centroid of tubes＇, this leads to the small rectangular tubes not only have a longitudinal deflection, but also have a transverse bending and deformation.

Cross-sectional distortion behaviors of thin-walled rectangular tube in rotary-draw bending process

The cross-sectional distortion usually appears during rotary-draw bending process of thin-walled rectangular tube with small bending radius.To study the cross-sectional distortion of the tube,a three-dimensional finite-element model of the process was developed based on ABAQUS/Explicit code and its reliability was validated by experiment.Then,the cross-sectional distortion behaviors of the tube were investigated.The results show that a zone of larger circumferential stress appears on the tube when bending angle reaches 30°.And in the larger circumferential stress zone,the sagging phenomenon is produced obviously.The maximum cross-sectional distortion is located in the larger circumferential stress zone and the angle between the plane of maximum cross-sectional distortion and the bending reference plane is about 50°.The position of the maximum cross-sectional distortion keeps almost unchanged with the variation of the clearances between dies and tube.

大跨度铁路桥附属构件对不同宽高比矩形断面涡振性能的影响

在已建成的大跨度鳊鱼洲长江大桥原设计宽高比为6.7∶1的四线铁路桥矩形箱型主梁断面的基础上,通过调整断面宽高比,设计宽高比为4∶1的二线铁路和宽高比为9∶1的六线铁路桥矩形箱梁断面。通过节段模型风洞试验,在0°,±3°和±5°风攻角的均匀来流下,对以上3种常用二线、四线和六线铁路桥矩形箱梁断面与对应相同宽高比纯矩形断面之间的涡振特性关系,以及铁路桥附属构件对不同宽高比矩形断面涡振性能的影响进行研究。结果表明:在宽高比分别为4∶1和6.7∶1的矩形断面上布置铁路桥附属构件能增大断面在负风攻角下的涡振振幅,在-5°风攻角下竖向涡振振幅增大率高达277.5%,但对正风攻角下的涡振响应起到一定的抑制作用,而在宽高比为9∶1的矩形断面布置六线铁路桥附属构件则能明显增大该断面在各风攻角下的涡振振幅,其扭转涡振振幅增大率均在48.3%以上;铁路桥附属构件对矩形断面涡振性能的降低作用随着断面宽高比的增大而提升,针对气动外形较钝的二线和四线铁路桥箱梁,可参考相似宽高比矩形断面涡振特性,并重点考察箱梁在负风攻角下的涡振响应,而针对宽高比较大的六线铁路桥箱梁,由于附属构件影响较大,参考相似宽高比矩形断面涡振特性的意义较小,均应详细研究其在各风攻角下的涡振性能。

工字形钢梁-矩形钢管柱单向螺栓节点抗弯承载力理论计算方法

针对工字形纯钢梁和钢-混凝土组合梁分别与矩形钢管柱和矩形钢管混凝土柱采用单向螺栓(也称单边拧紧螺栓)连接形成的4种节点形式,对其在弯矩作用下的受力机理及破坏模式进行分析,讨论导致节点失效的因素。总结节点在弯矩作用下的9种失效模式,包括:单向螺栓拉断、端板受弯屈服、矩形钢管柱壁翼板受拉屈服、矩形钢管柱壁翼板受压屈服、矩形钢管柱壁腹板受压屈曲、混凝土楼板局部压溃、钢筋屈服、矩形钢管柱内混凝土局部压溃、矩形钢管柱壁腹板受压屈服,进而基于破坏模式给出节点各组件承载力的计算公式。对4种节点在不同破坏模式下的正弯矩承载力和负弯矩承载力进行分析,给出节点承载力计算公式。将节点抗弯承载力的理论计算结果与试验结果进行对比,验证理论计算方法的可靠性。

思政元素融入混凝土结构课程的教学设计--以单筋矩形截面梁承载力设计为例

土木工程专业的课程思政设计是实现专业课程与思政课同步前行的重要举措,也是培养社会主义合格建设者和可靠接班人的重要途径。混凝土结构系列课程在土木工程专业课程体系中占据重要的地位,因此,在对课程教学背景和学情分析的基础上,以单筋矩形截面梁承载力设计知识单元为例,基于OBE理念,将思政元素融入教学设计,从课程目标、课程内容、教学过程设计、教学方法设计及教学实施方面,探讨如何合理、科学地将思政元素引入课程教学设计的各个环节,不仅解决专业教育和思政教育“两张皮”问题,且对学生的自主学习能力和学习热情起到积极的促进作用,另外对其他专业课具有引领和示范作用。

平面KK型矩形钢管节点静力试验研究

依托某主题广场月牙形艺廊单层网壳钢屋架结构,选取其最不利受力节点,设计了中心插板节点和毂节点两种KK型矩形钢管节点,分别对其足尺模型进行静载试验,测试分析模型节点区域的应变及应力分布规律,对比分析支管端部的位移变化。结果表明:1)设计荷载水平下,两个节点均满足受力要求;毂节点和中心插板节点的最大试验荷载约为等效设计荷载的2.85倍和3.25倍,节点安全储备较高;2)在最大试验荷载作用下,两个节点支管根部与中心构件相贯焊缝附近部分均不同程度地屈服,毂节点圆筒内加劲肋焊缝局部出现开裂;3)相同荷载作用下,中心插板节点相应位置应力应变水平相对较低,故中心插板节点的承载强度较高;4)由试验荷载-位移曲线分析得出毂节点的各肢平均位移比中心插板节点约大13.3%,表明中心插板节点弹性刚度较大。

超临界CO_(2)板式扩散焊矩形微通道换热器扰流格栅结构优化研究

为提升超临界二氧化碳(supercritical carbon dioxide,S-CO_(2))布雷顿循环系统中印刷电路板式换热器(printed circuit heat exchanger,PCHE)的流动传热综合性能,该文通过数值模拟的方法,基于一种全蚀刻工艺的新型矩形截面PCHE,建立以冷热通道换热单元为研究对象的数学物理模型。研究不同运行工况下,通道内扰流格栅间距对S-CO_(2)流动传热特性的影响机理和影响规律。结果表明:不同格栅间距的热通道内S-CO_(2)的流速均沿程逐渐减小,而冷通道内S-CO_(2)的流速反而沿程逐渐增大。冷热通道内的流动摩擦阻力系数(f)和努塞尔数(Nu)均随着格栅间距的增大而逐渐增大,但不同格栅间距的冷通道内的f和Nu均大于其对应的热通道内的f和Nu。当格栅间距为5.97 mm时,矩形截面通道具有相对最优的综合性能,可以在阻力损失较小的情况下实现强化换热。研究结果可为全蚀刻工艺矩形截面PCHE的性能提升和结构优化提供理论依据和数据支撑。

基于板-梁理论的FGM矩形截面杆扭转振动的理论研究

基于板-梁理论和Saint-Venant扭转理论的研究成果,将纵向位移假设为含有待定系数的表达式,通过几何方程推导了功能梯度材料矩形截面杆的总应变能方程,并利用最小应变能原理确定待定系数,得到自由扭转刚度的理论公式。在此基础上对矩形截面杆的自由振动出现纯扭转模态时的动能进行研究,求出在夹支条件下的扭转振动时的动能表达式、总势能的表达式及频率表达式。利用有限元软件ANSYS建立具有功能梯度材料特性的矩形截面杆的扭转振动的有限元模型,通过后处理命令查看对应边界条件的振动频率。通过有限元软件验证表明:基于板-梁理论推导得出的理论解与有限元解吻合较好,最大误差在4%以内。

某型航空用矩形截面弹簧逆止器设计

传统的防逆转装置存在体积与质量大的缺点,不适用于对质量指标极度敏感的航空类产品。为此,提出一种小巧轻便的新型矩形截面弹簧逆止器设计方法,通过对逆止器中矩形截面弹簧进行力学分析,明确矩形截面弹簧的受力与变形关系,分析矩形截面弹簧尺寸、配合套筒过盈量与逆止性能的变化特性。推导矩形截面弹簧逆止器逆止有效条件,并引入遗传算法进行求解;根据求得的结构参数,运用CATIA软件建立矩形截面弹簧逆止器结构模型,并导入HyperWorks软件进行校核分析。结合样件试制及测试,结果表明:所提方法与传统摩擦盘式方法相比同负载条件下质量可降低约61%,仿真与实验对照验证所提方法的有效性。

基于基尔霍夫模型矩形截面微纳米螺旋机械性质的研究

三维微纳米螺旋材料具有超弹性、长程线性弹性、超强机械稳定性,属于材料科学研究前沿领域之一。论文基于基尔霍夫弹性细杆理论研究了微纳米螺旋材料的机械性能。通过建立矩形横截面副法线和法线螺旋结构模型,以SiGe/Si/Cr纳米螺旋材料作为研究对象,定量考察其负载能力,计算了胡克常数。分析其在轴向受力情况下胡克常数随轴向相对伸长率的变化。计算结果发现两种螺旋胡克常数并非恒定量,其中,副法线螺旋的线性弹性区域较大,在此区域胡克常数几乎不变。因此,矩形副法线螺旋具有更好的线性弹性,更利于机械系统的相关应用。

考虑强弱轴影响的矩形钢管网壳结构弹塑性稳定性分析

在单层网壳结构中,存在强弱轴的矩形钢管较圆钢管、方形钢管在结构受力合理性、材料性能充分利用上存在优势。首先通过一组算例对比分析了圆钢管、H型钢、方形钢管和矩形钢管四种杆件形式在网壳结构曲面内外承受双向压弯的稳定性差异,随后将矩形钢管带入装配式节点的弹簧单元有限元模型,对比刚接模型进行研究,得到了节点域、节点刚度、初始缺陷幅值、矢跨比等参数对结构稳定承载力的影响规律。结果表明,矩形钢管的稳定应力在两个方向上可以达到平衡,且在强轴方向的稳定应力要低于同截面面积的圆钢管和方形钢管的稳定应力;对于截面存在强、弱轴且在截面两个方向材料充分运用的杆件,其弱轴方向抗弯刚度的影响不可忽视。

大断面类矩形顶管注浆压力对管节损伤的影响分析

为探究大断面矩形顶管注浆压力波动及其控制边界难以确定的实际问题,依托南京某大断面类矩形顶管工程,借助理论分析、工程类比和数值模拟等方法,研究了顶板和侧壁局部憋压工况下,大断面类矩形管节结构的变形和损伤机制。通过分析矩形顶管管节受力特征,计算了大断面类矩形管节承受的外荷载,并采用ABAQUS有限元数值模拟软件内置的混凝土损伤塑性模型进行数值建模,研究不同注浆压力作用下钢筋混凝土管节损伤演化机制。结果表明:(1)注浆荷载作为可变荷载,对管节受力有明显影响,应将注浆压力纳入管节设计环节;(2)针对该工程,其理论注浆压力为0.311 MPa,考虑抑制背土效应的需要,应适当提高注浆压力,但必须控制在合理范围内;(3)从损伤演化的角度来看,注浆荷载达到0.6 MPa时,管节顶板的拉伸损伤已达到较高水平,因此,将0.6 MPa作为该工程的注浆压力预警指标,而0.9 MPa应作为注浆压力的控制指标。