Green Nanocomposites Made With Polyvinyl Alcohol and Cellulose Nanofibers Isolated From Recycled Paper

This paper reports green nanocomposites made by blending polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)with cellulose nanofiber(CNF)isolated from recycled deinked copy/printing paper(DIP).The reinforcement effect of DIPCNF in the nanocomposites is compared with other CNFs isolated from native cotton and hardwood by means of TEMPO-oxidation.The prepared PVA-CNF nanocomposites are characterized in terms of morphology,chemical interaction,structural,thermal and mechanical properties.X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirm the reinforcing ability of cellulose nanofibers into PVA.By blending CNFs into PVA matrix,the thermal stability of the nanocomposites is improved and DIPCNF shows similar enhancement effect with COCNF and HWCNF.The prepared nanocomposites exhibit 50%Young’s modulus improvement by adding 6%of CNF and DIPCNF exhibits similar enhancement of the mechanical properties to COCNF and HWCNF in the nanocomposites.This indicates that the use of DIPCNF is beneficial for environment protection,resource retaining and save energy in comparison with COCNF and HWCNF.

Technical measures to achieve a cleaner production mode for recycled paper mills

China’s paper production reached 79.8×10^(6) t in 2008 and ranked number one in the world.Because of its high consumption of water,energy and materials and its serious pollution,the present processes are not likely to be sustainable.An alternative,the closed Water Loop-Papermaking Integration(WLPI)method,is put forward in this paper.The WLPI method can be realized in a recycled paper mill by adding technologies and using recycled water.Many industrial case studies have shown that a large quantity of water,energy and materials can be saved,and the quantity of waste sludge and wastewater discharge was minimized by using the WLPI method.The design of the water reuse system,control of calcium hardness,water recycling and minimal waste sludge are discussed.Anaerobic technology plays an important role in the WLPI method to lower cost,energy use and waste.In the brown paper and coated white board production,zeroeffluent discharge can be realized.Fresh water consumption is only 1-2m^(3)·t^(-1).For the paper mills with deinking and bleaching processes,about 10 m^(3)·t^(-1) of fresh water and a similar amount of effluent discharge are needed.Power saving using anaerobic technology is 70%when recycled water is used in comparison with the conventional activated sludge process.Waste sludge can be decreased to about 5%of the initial process due to reuse of the waste sludge and the lower bio-sludge production of the anaerobic process.

Quantitative Analysis of Bisphenol A in Recycled Paper with a Novel Direct Inlet Probe-Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization–IonTrap-MS

A new ambient ion source was developed and its application to real samples has been demonstrated.This ion source is based on a previously build ion source using chemical ionization under atmospheric pressure and extractive electrospray ionization(DIP-APCI/EESI).To enhance the range of analytes,we added to this ion source a photoionization lamp to enable also photoionization,which allows the possibility to analyze polar(EESI),middle(APCI)and non-polar(APPI)analytes with the same source and with no or only a small change of the setup.In comparison with DIP-APCI,this ion source reaches similar analytical limits but shows better sensitivity for some aromatic and non-polar analytes.The analysis of bisphenol A from extracts of recycled paper demonstrates the use of this ion source for real samples.Quantification was possible by the use of a deuterated internal standard that was added to the papers before extraction.Here atmospheric pressure chemical ionization leads to bad results due to ion suppression,whereas atmospheric pressure photoionization shows results that fit to literature values.

Paper Recycling Process Benefits Environment And Profits

佛罗里达大学研究人员开发的去除油墨技术,比现有技术更有可能为造纸厂能以更低的成本再生多种纸张打开大门,以达到节约木材,提高效率的目的。