Distributed energy systems(DES),as an integrated energy system with coupled distributed energy resources,have great potential in reducing carbon dioxide emissions and improving energy efficiencies.Considering the back...Distributed energy systems(DES),as an integrated energy system with coupled distributed energy resources,have great potential in reducing carbon dioxide emissions and improving energy efficiencies.Considering the background of urbanization and the energy revolution in China,the study investigates the renewable-based DESs supply modes and their application in China.A new method is proposed to classify DESs supply modes into three categories considering the renewable resource in domination,and their application domains are discussed.A comprehensive model is given for economic and environmental evaluation.Typical case studies show that the renewable-based DES systems can supply the energy in a cost-effective and environment-friendly way.Among them,the biomass waste dominated supply mode can not only achieve"zero"carbon emissions but also"zero"energy consumption,even though not yet economically attractive under the present policy and market conditions.Thus,recommendations are given to promote the further deployment of renewable-based DESs,regarding their supply modes,policy requirements,and issues to be addressed.展开更多
Pesticide residues have seriously damaged the natural environment and social security.Here,we prepared the efficient functional biochar(FB)for sulfonylurea herbicides from cotton straw cellulose(CSC)by hydrothermal ca...Pesticide residues have seriously damaged the natural environment and social security.Here,we prepared the efficient functional biochar(FB)for sulfonylurea herbicides from cotton straw cellulose(CSC)by hydrothermal carbonization with the methacrylic acid.The molecular simulation of FB indicated thatπ-πelectron-donor-acceptor(EDA)interaction and formation of charge-assisted H-bond were both the main factors for effective adsorption process.The adsorption process can match the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and Freundlich model.The whole process is physical adsorption,spontaneous and rapid,and can quickly reach equilibrium.The FB with carbon-oxygen functional groups and aromatic conjugated structures can remove pesticides in water very quickly(within 30 s),with effective adsorption over 95%of Sulfonylurea herbicides(SUHs).Therefore,functional FB might be an effective way to get excellent absorbent for pesticide treatment.展开更多
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0900100)Sate Grid of China(Research on the development potential evaluation of distributed generation and its management and control and operation optimization technology under scaleup development stage.No.1400-201927279A-0-0-00)
文摘Distributed energy systems(DES),as an integrated energy system with coupled distributed energy resources,have great potential in reducing carbon dioxide emissions and improving energy efficiencies.Considering the background of urbanization and the energy revolution in China,the study investigates the renewable-based DESs supply modes and their application in China.A new method is proposed to classify DESs supply modes into three categories considering the renewable resource in domination,and their application domains are discussed.A comprehensive model is given for economic and environmental evaluation.Typical case studies show that the renewable-based DES systems can supply the energy in a cost-effective and environment-friendly way.Among them,the biomass waste dominated supply mode can not only achieve"zero"carbon emissions but also"zero"energy consumption,even though not yet economically attractive under the present policy and market conditions.Thus,recommendations are given to promote the further deployment of renewable-based DESs,regarding their supply modes,policy requirements,and issues to be addressed.
基金This work was supported by the national key research and development program of China(2016YFD0201203)municipal innovative training program for college students of Beijing(2017Bj093)+2 种基金the special fund for agro-scientific research in the public interest(201203098)Beijing nova program interdisciplinary studies cooperative project(Z171100001117130)National Nature Science Foundation of China(21873115).
文摘Pesticide residues have seriously damaged the natural environment and social security.Here,we prepared the efficient functional biochar(FB)for sulfonylurea herbicides from cotton straw cellulose(CSC)by hydrothermal carbonization with the methacrylic acid.The molecular simulation of FB indicated thatπ-πelectron-donor-acceptor(EDA)interaction and formation of charge-assisted H-bond were both the main factors for effective adsorption process.The adsorption process can match the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and Freundlich model.The whole process is physical adsorption,spontaneous and rapid,and can quickly reach equilibrium.The FB with carbon-oxygen functional groups and aromatic conjugated structures can remove pesticides in water very quickly(within 30 s),with effective adsorption over 95%of Sulfonylurea herbicides(SUHs).Therefore,functional FB might be an effective way to get excellent absorbent for pesticide treatment.
