The adsorption behaviors of heavy metals onto novel low-cost adsorbent,red loess,were investigated.Red loess was characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectra.T...The adsorption behaviors of heavy metals onto novel low-cost adsorbent,red loess,were investigated.Red loess was characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectra.The results indicated that red loess mainly consisted of silicate,ferric and aluminum oxides.Solution pH,adsorbent dosage,initial metal concentration,contact time and temperature significantly influenced the efficiency of heavy metals removal.The adsorption reached equilibrium at 4 hr,and the experimental equilibrium data were fitted to Langmuir monolayer adsorption model.The adsorption of Cu（II） and Zn（II） onto red loess was endothermic,while the adsorption of Pb（II） was exothermic.The maximum adsorption capacities of red loess for Pb（II）,Cu（II） and Zn（II） were estimated to be 113.6,34.2 and 17.5 mg/g,respectively at 25°C and pH 6.The maximum removal efficiencies were 100% for Pb（II） at pH 7,100% for Cu（II） at pH 8,and 80% for Zn（II） at pH 8.The used adsorbents were readily regenerated using dilute HCl solution,indicating that red loess has a high reusability.All the above results demonstrated that red loess could be used as a possible alternative low-cost adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution.展开更多
The loess landslide along the contact between loess and Neogene red mudstone (NRM) is one of those that have occurred extensively and frequently in loess areas of China. To better understand the mechanism of this type...The loess landslide along the contact between loess and Neogene red mudstone (NRM) is one of those that have occurred extensively and frequently in loess areas of China. To better understand the mechanism of this type of landslides, a distressed loess slope being subjected to deformation along the loess-NRM contact was comprehensively investigated through approaches of field monitoring and laboratory physical modeling. Field observation and physical modeling shows that the slope deformation will experience two distinct processes: 1) laterally retrogressive and vertically progressive propagation, which was initiated by falling of the slope head; and 2) retrogressively separate mass sliding along the weak basal zone of the loess-NRM contact with minor sliding along the paleosols within the loess. Shear failure of the loess-NRM contact may initiate in the middle section, followed by a progressive propagation towards the slope toe and inner slope. Analysis reveals that the deformation characteristics of the distressed slope are largely constrained by slope topography, the unique structure, physical and mechanical properties of loess and paleosols, and occurrence and nature of the loess-NRM contact. Rainfall has significantly influence on the deformation characteristics of the slope through its interaction with the loess and soil of the loess-NRM contact. Additionally, improper style and intensity of cutting on the slope greatly enhance and accelerate the deformation course of the slope.展开更多
Objective Aeolian sediments on the Chinese Loess Plateau contain some of the best continental archives of palaeoclimate change in the Late Cenozoic. The consensus that alternating MS in loess-paleosols in China was du...Objective Aeolian sediments on the Chinese Loess Plateau contain some of the best continental archives of palaeoclimate change in the Late Cenozoic. The consensus that alternating MS in loess-paleosols in China was due to the strengthening and weakening of the East Asian palaeomonsoon provides an excellent climate record when correlated with global ice volume. Significantly, new basal dates from the red clay underlying the loess-paleosol sequence indicate that wind-blown dust began to accumulate on the Chinese Loess Plateau at least 22 million years ago. There are differences of opinion,展开更多
Palygorskite is a typical indicator mineral of the arid and strong evaporation environment. Distribution of palygorskite in loess-red clay sequences may act as an important indicator for reconstruction of the paleoenv...Palygorskite is a typical indicator mineral of the arid and strong evaporation environment. Distribution of palygorskite in loess-red clay sequences may act as an important indicator for reconstruction of the paleoenvironment and paleoclimate. In this paper, field emission scanning electron microscope and high-resolution transmission electron microscope observations on the red clay-loess-paleosol of the Renjiapo profile at Lingtai, Gansu Province indicate that palygorskite occurs widely in red clay sequences formed before 3.6 Ma, but no occurrence has been found in eolian sediments since 3.2 Ma. Micromorphological features and microstructure of palygorskite show that it is an autogenic mineral formed during pedogenesis, and transformed from iilite-montmorilionite under the pore water action. In the Lingtai profile, the disappearance horizon of palygorskite is consistent with those of increasing magnetic susceptibility, dust flux and depositional rate. The distribution of palygorskite in the profile indicates that the interval of around 3.6 Ma was an important transformation period of the East Asian paleomonsoon, when changes took place in the East Asia paleoclimate pattern, i.e. a high-frequency strong fluctuation alternative evolution of the environment. Therefore, palygorskite is a key indicator mineral of the East Asian paleomonsoon evolution of that time.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.20977024)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (No.2009000258)the Science Foundation of Hebei Normal University (No.L2009B07)
文摘The adsorption behaviors of heavy metals onto novel low-cost adsorbent,red loess,were investigated.Red loess was characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectra.The results indicated that red loess mainly consisted of silicate,ferric and aluminum oxides.Solution pH,adsorbent dosage,initial metal concentration,contact time and temperature significantly influenced the efficiency of heavy metals removal.The adsorption reached equilibrium at 4 hr,and the experimental equilibrium data were fitted to Langmuir monolayer adsorption model.The adsorption of Cu（II） and Zn（II） onto red loess was endothermic,while the adsorption of Pb（II） was exothermic.The maximum adsorption capacities of red loess for Pb（II）,Cu（II） and Zn（II） were estimated to be 113.6,34.2 and 17.5 mg/g,respectively at 25°C and pH 6.The maximum removal efficiencies were 100% for Pb（II） at pH 7,100% for Cu（II） at pH 8,and 80% for Zn（II） at pH 8.The used adsorbents were readily regenerated using dilute HCl solution,indicating that red loess has a high reusability.All the above results demonstrated that red loess could be used as a possible alternative low-cost adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution.
基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Project No.2004035349).
文摘The loess landslide along the contact between loess and Neogene red mudstone (NRM) is one of those that have occurred extensively and frequently in loess areas of China. To better understand the mechanism of this type of landslides, a distressed loess slope being subjected to deformation along the loess-NRM contact was comprehensively investigated through approaches of field monitoring and laboratory physical modeling. Field observation and physical modeling shows that the slope deformation will experience two distinct processes: 1) laterally retrogressive and vertically progressive propagation, which was initiated by falling of the slope head; and 2) retrogressively separate mass sliding along the weak basal zone of the loess-NRM contact with minor sliding along the paleosols within the loess. Shear failure of the loess-NRM contact may initiate in the middle section, followed by a progressive propagation towards the slope toe and inner slope. Analysis reveals that the deformation characteristics of the distressed slope are largely constrained by slope topography, the unique structure, physical and mechanical properties of loess and paleosols, and occurrence and nature of the loess-NRM contact. Rainfall has significantly influence on the deformation characteristics of the slope through its interaction with the loess and soil of the loess-NRM contact. Additionally, improper style and intensity of cutting on the slope greatly enhance and accelerate the deformation course of the slope.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants No.41421002, 41372037,41372036,41372020 and 41002052)
文摘Objective Aeolian sediments on the Chinese Loess Plateau contain some of the best continental archives of palaeoclimate change in the Late Cenozoic. The consensus that alternating MS in loess-paleosols in China was due to the strengthening and weakening of the East Asian palaeomonsoon provides an excellent climate record when correlated with global ice volume. Significantly, new basal dates from the red clay underlying the loess-paleosol sequence indicate that wind-blown dust began to accumulate on the Chinese Loess Plateau at least 22 million years ago. There are differences of opinion,
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China（Grant No.40772032）；the National Key Basic Research Project 973（Grant No. 2007CB815603）.
文摘Palygorskite is a typical indicator mineral of the arid and strong evaporation environment. Distribution of palygorskite in loess-red clay sequences may act as an important indicator for reconstruction of the paleoenvironment and paleoclimate. In this paper, field emission scanning electron microscope and high-resolution transmission electron microscope observations on the red clay-loess-paleosol of the Renjiapo profile at Lingtai, Gansu Province indicate that palygorskite occurs widely in red clay sequences formed before 3.6 Ma, but no occurrence has been found in eolian sediments since 3.2 Ma. Micromorphological features and microstructure of palygorskite show that it is an autogenic mineral formed during pedogenesis, and transformed from iilite-montmorilionite under the pore water action. In the Lingtai profile, the disappearance horizon of palygorskite is consistent with those of increasing magnetic susceptibility, dust flux and depositional rate. The distribution of palygorskite in the profile indicates that the interval of around 3.6 Ma was an important transformation period of the East Asian paleomonsoon, when changes took place in the East Asia paleoclimate pattern, i.e. a high-frequency strong fluctuation alternative evolution of the environment. Therefore, palygorskite is a key indicator mineral of the East Asian paleomonsoon evolution of that time.
