By the reaction of cadmium chloride with a reduced Schiff base ligand (H2L= N-(4- carboxybenzyl)-glycine), a novel Cd(Ⅱ) compound [Cd(HL)2]·4H2O (1) has been obtained. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction ...By the reaction of cadmium chloride with a reduced Schiff base ligand (H2L= N-(4- carboxybenzyl)-glycine), a novel Cd(Ⅱ) compound [Cd(HL)2]·4H2O (1) has been obtained. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that it crystallizes in orthorhombic, space group Pbcn with a = 13.9788(8), b = 24.4204(14), c = 13.9580(8) A, V= 4764.8(5) A^3, Z = 8, Mr = 600.84, Dc = 1.675 g/cm^3,/z = 0.983 mm^-1, F(000) = 2448, S = 1.084, R = 0.0806 and wR = 0.1705 (I〉 2a(1)). It displays a 2D two-fold interpenetrating structure. The Cd(Ⅱ) ions are six-coordinated. The cross-linkage of Cd(Ⅱ) ions by the bridge of HL anions results in a [Cd(HL)2] layer. Every two [Cd(HL)2]n layers are penetrated with each other, resulting in a two-fold interpenetrating double-layer structure by π-π stacking interactions and hydrogen bonds. Such double-layers are further linked by hydrogen bonds into a supramolecular structure. Photoluminescent investigation shows that compound 1 displays strong emission in the purple region.展开更多
A modified energy-balance equation accounting for P-delta effects and hysteretic behavior of reinforced concrete members is derived. Reduced hysteretic properties of structural components due to combined stiffness and...A modified energy-balance equation accounting for P-delta effects and hysteretic behavior of reinforced concrete members is derived. Reduced hysteretic properties of structural components due to combined stiffness and strength degradation and pinching effects, and hysteretic damping are taken into account in a simple manner by utilizing plastic energy and seismic input energy modification factors. Having a pre-selected yield mechanism, energy balance of structure in inelastic range is considered. P-delta effects are included in derived equation by adding the external work of gravity loads to the work of equivalent inertia forces and equating the total external work to the modified plastic energy. Earthquake energy input to multi degree of freedom(MDOF) system is approximated by using the modal energy-decomposition. Energybased base shear coefficients are verified by means of both pushover analysis and nonlinear time history(NLTH) analysis of several RC frames having different number of stories. NLTH analyses of frames are performed by using the time histories of ten scaled ground motions compatible with elastic design acceleration spectrum and fulfilling duration/amplitude related requirements of Turkish Seismic Design Code. The observed correlation between energy-based base shear force coefficients and the average base shear force coefficients of NLTH analyses provides a reasonable confidence in estimation of nonlinear base shear force capacity of frames by using the derived equation.展开更多
To address the issue of rule premise combination explosion in the construction of the traditional complete conjunctive belief rule base(BRB),this paper introduces an orthogonal design method to reduce the conjunctive ...To address the issue of rule premise combination explosion in the construction of the traditional complete conjunctive belief rule base(BRB),this paper introduces an orthogonal design method to reduce the conjunctive BRB.The reasoning method based on reduced conjunctive BRB is designed with the help of the conversion technology from conjunctive BRB to disjunctive BRB.Finally,the operational mission effectiveness evaluation is taken as an example to verify the proposed method.The results show that the method proposed in this paper is feasible and effective.展开更多
A high-performance predictor for critical unstable generators(CUGs) of power systems is presented in this paper. The predictor is driven by the Map Reduce based parallelized neural networks. Specifically, a group of b...A high-performance predictor for critical unstable generators(CUGs) of power systems is presented in this paper. The predictor is driven by the Map Reduce based parallelized neural networks. Specifically, a group of back propagation neural networks(BPNNs), fed by massive response trajectories data, are efficiently organized and concurrently trained in Hadoop to identify dynamic behavior of individual generator. Rather than simply classifying global stability of power systems, the presented approach is able to distinguish unstable generators accurately with a few cycles of synchronized trajectories after fault clearing,enabling more in-depth emergency awareness based on wide-area implementation. In addition, the technique is of rich scalability due to Hadoop framework, which can be deployed in the control centers as a high-performance computing infrastructure for real-time instability alert.Numerical examples are studied using NPCC 48-machines test system and a realistic power system of China.展开更多
The authors present an algorithm which is a modilication of the Nguyen-Stenle greedy reduction algorithm due to Nguyen and Stehle in 2009. This algorithm can be used to compute the Minkowski reduced lattice bases for ...The authors present an algorithm which is a modilication of the Nguyen-Stenle greedy reduction algorithm due to Nguyen and Stehle in 2009. This algorithm can be used to compute the Minkowski reduced lattice bases for arbitrary rank lattices with quadratic bit complexity on the size of the input vectors. The total bit complexity of the algorithm is O(n^2·(4n!)^n·(n!/2^n)^n/2·(4/3)^n(n-1)/2).log^2 A)where n is the rank of the lattice and A is maximal norm of the input base vectors. This is an O(log^2 A) algorithm which can be used to compute Minkowski reduced bases for the fixed rank lattices. A time complexity n!. 3n(log A)^O(1) algorithm which can be used to compute the successive minima with the help of the dual Hermite-Korkin-Zolotarev base was given by Blomer in 2000 and improved to the time complexity n!- (log A)^O(1) by Micciancio in 2008. The algorithm in this paper is more suitable for computing the Minkowski reduced bases of low rank lattices with very large base vector sizes.展开更多
We propose in this paper a data driven state estimation scheme for generating nonlinear reduced models for parametric families of PDEs, directly providingdata-to-state maps, represented in terms of Deep Neural Network...We propose in this paper a data driven state estimation scheme for generating nonlinear reduced models for parametric families of PDEs, directly providingdata-to-state maps, represented in terms of Deep Neural Networks. A major constituentis a sensor-induced decomposition of a model-compliant Hilbert space warranting approximation in problem relevant metrics. It plays a similar role as in a ParametricBackground Data Weak framework for state estimators based on Reduced Basis concepts. Extensive numerical tests shed light on several optimization strategies that areto improve robustness and performance of such estimators.展开更多
Purpose-A recursive scheme for the ALIENOR method is proposed as a remedy for the difficulties induced by the method.A progressive focusing on the most promising region,in combination with a variation of the density o...Purpose-A recursive scheme for the ALIENOR method is proposed as a remedy for the difficulties induced by the method.A progressive focusing on the most promising region,in combination with a variation of the density of the alpha-dense curve,is proposed.Design/methodology/approach-ALIENOR method is aimed at reducing the space dimensions of an optimization problem by spanning it by using a single alpha-dense curve:the curvilinear abscissa along the curve becomes the only design parameter for any design space.As a counterpart,the transformation of the objective function in the projected space is much more difficult to tackle.Findings-A fine tuning of the procedure has been performed in order to identity the correct balance between the different elements of the procedure.The proposed approach has been tested by using a set of algebraic functions with up to 1,024 design variables,demonstrating the ability of the method in solving large scale optimization problem.Also an industrial application is presented.Originality/value-In the knowledge of the author there is not a similar paper in the current literature.展开更多
基金supported by the Research Program of Ningde Normal University (2011H103, 2011Y001 and 2011J001)
文摘By the reaction of cadmium chloride with a reduced Schiff base ligand (H2L= N-(4- carboxybenzyl)-glycine), a novel Cd(Ⅱ) compound [Cd(HL)2]·4H2O (1) has been obtained. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that it crystallizes in orthorhombic, space group Pbcn with a = 13.9788(8), b = 24.4204(14), c = 13.9580(8) A, V= 4764.8(5) A^3, Z = 8, Mr = 600.84, Dc = 1.675 g/cm^3,/z = 0.983 mm^-1, F(000) = 2448, S = 1.084, R = 0.0806 and wR = 0.1705 (I〉 2a(1)). It displays a 2D two-fold interpenetrating structure. The Cd(Ⅱ) ions are six-coordinated. The cross-linkage of Cd(Ⅱ) ions by the bridge of HL anions results in a [Cd(HL)2] layer. Every two [Cd(HL)2]n layers are penetrated with each other, resulting in a two-fold interpenetrating double-layer structure by π-π stacking interactions and hydrogen bonds. Such double-layers are further linked by hydrogen bonds into a supramolecular structure. Photoluminescent investigation shows that compound 1 displays strong emission in the purple region.
文摘A modified energy-balance equation accounting for P-delta effects and hysteretic behavior of reinforced concrete members is derived. Reduced hysteretic properties of structural components due to combined stiffness and strength degradation and pinching effects, and hysteretic damping are taken into account in a simple manner by utilizing plastic energy and seismic input energy modification factors. Having a pre-selected yield mechanism, energy balance of structure in inelastic range is considered. P-delta effects are included in derived equation by adding the external work of gravity loads to the work of equivalent inertia forces and equating the total external work to the modified plastic energy. Earthquake energy input to multi degree of freedom(MDOF) system is approximated by using the modal energy-decomposition. Energybased base shear coefficients are verified by means of both pushover analysis and nonlinear time history(NLTH) analysis of several RC frames having different number of stories. NLTH analyses of frames are performed by using the time histories of ten scaled ground motions compatible with elastic design acceleration spectrum and fulfilling duration/amplitude related requirements of Turkish Seismic Design Code. The observed correlation between energy-based base shear force coefficients and the average base shear force coefficients of NLTH analyses provides a reasonable confidence in estimation of nonlinear base shear force capacity of frames by using the derived equation.
基金supported by the Military Scientific Research Program(41401020301).
文摘To address the issue of rule premise combination explosion in the construction of the traditional complete conjunctive belief rule base(BRB),this paper introduces an orthogonal design method to reduce the conjunctive BRB.The reasoning method based on reduced conjunctive BRB is designed with the help of the conversion technology from conjunctive BRB to disjunctive BRB.Finally,the operational mission effectiveness evaluation is taken as an example to verify the proposed method.The results show that the method proposed in this paper is feasible and effective.
文摘A high-performance predictor for critical unstable generators(CUGs) of power systems is presented in this paper. The predictor is driven by the Map Reduce based parallelized neural networks. Specifically, a group of back propagation neural networks(BPNNs), fed by massive response trajectories data, are efficiently organized and concurrently trained in Hadoop to identify dynamic behavior of individual generator. Rather than simply classifying global stability of power systems, the presented approach is able to distinguish unstable generators accurately with a few cycles of synchronized trajectories after fault clearing,enabling more in-depth emergency awareness based on wide-area implementation. In addition, the technique is of rich scalability due to Hadoop framework, which can be deployed in the control centers as a high-performance computing infrastructure for real-time instability alert.Numerical examples are studied using NPCC 48-machines test system and a realistic power system of China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10871068)the Danish National Research Foundation and National Natural Science Foundation of China Joint Grant (No.11061130539)
文摘The authors present an algorithm which is a modilication of the Nguyen-Stenle greedy reduction algorithm due to Nguyen and Stehle in 2009. This algorithm can be used to compute the Minkowski reduced lattice bases for arbitrary rank lattices with quadratic bit complexity on the size of the input vectors. The total bit complexity of the algorithm is O(n^2·(4n!)^n·(n!/2^n)^n/2·(4/3)^n(n-1)/2).log^2 A)where n is the rank of the lattice and A is maximal norm of the input base vectors. This is an O(log^2 A) algorithm which can be used to compute Minkowski reduced bases for the fixed rank lattices. A time complexity n!. 3n(log A)^O(1) algorithm which can be used to compute the successive minima with the help of the dual Hermite-Korkin-Zolotarev base was given by Blomer in 2000 and improved to the time complexity n!- (log A)^O(1) by Micciancio in 2008. The algorithm in this paper is more suitable for computing the Minkowski reduced bases of low rank lattices with very large base vector sizes.
基金This work was supported by National Science Foundation under grant DMS-2012469.
文摘We propose in this paper a data driven state estimation scheme for generating nonlinear reduced models for parametric families of PDEs, directly providingdata-to-state maps, represented in terms of Deep Neural Networks. A major constituentis a sensor-induced decomposition of a model-compliant Hilbert space warranting approximation in problem relevant metrics. It plays a similar role as in a ParametricBackground Data Weak framework for state estimators based on Reduced Basis concepts. Extensive numerical tests shed light on several optimization strategies that areto improve robustness and performance of such estimators.
基金Acknowledgements:The author would like to thank the Italian Minister of Instruction,University and Research(MIUR)to support this research with funds coming from PRIN Project 2017(No.2017KKJP4X entitled“Innovative numerical methods for evolutionary partial differential equations and applications”).
文摘Purpose-A recursive scheme for the ALIENOR method is proposed as a remedy for the difficulties induced by the method.A progressive focusing on the most promising region,in combination with a variation of the density of the alpha-dense curve,is proposed.Design/methodology/approach-ALIENOR method is aimed at reducing the space dimensions of an optimization problem by spanning it by using a single alpha-dense curve:the curvilinear abscissa along the curve becomes the only design parameter for any design space.As a counterpart,the transformation of the objective function in the projected space is much more difficult to tackle.Findings-A fine tuning of the procedure has been performed in order to identity the correct balance between the different elements of the procedure.The proposed approach has been tested by using a set of algebraic functions with up to 1,024 design variables,demonstrating the ability of the method in solving large scale optimization problem.Also an industrial application is presented.Originality/value-In the knowledge of the author there is not a similar paper in the current literature.