Effect of Reducing Application of Chemical Fertilizers and Chemical Pesticides on Physiological Traits,Yield and Quality of Radish

This paper studied the effect of reducing application of chemical fertilizer,increasing application of functional organic fertilizer and trace elements and fully using biological pesticides on physiological traits,yield and quality of radish. The results showed that applying functional organic fertilizer and trace elements and fully using biological pesticides could help to significantly improve the radish fleshy root yield,increase soluble sugar and vitamin C content,reduce crude fiber and nitrate content,but had no significant influence on radish moisture content,glucosinolates and chlorpyrifos content in organophosphorus pesticides.

Chemical Fertilizer Reduction and High Yield Cultivation Technique for Peanut

For a long time,the amount of fertilizer applied to peanuts in China has been much higher than that of other main peanut producing countries.At the same time of increasing production,chemical fertilizers have also brought many adverse effects,which have brought potential threats to the sustainable development of peanut production.While continuously increasing the yield,reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer has become an urgent problem to be solved in peanut production of China.Based on the research results of our team,this paper appropriately absorbed the latest research progress of chemical fertilizer reduction in related fields,and established the cultivation technique for peanut fertilizer reduction and high yield under different cultivation modes,to realize the synchronization of fertilizer reduction and yield increase for peanut production.The technique includes two parts:common technology and different cultivation mode fertilization schemes.The former includes crop rotation,proper deep tillage,application of organic fertilizer,selection of nutrient-efficient varieties,topdressing of foliar fertilizer,etc.,the latter includes film mulching spring peanut,continuous cropping field,acidified soil,peanuts interplanting with wheat,and summer direct sowing,etc.This technique provides a technical support for the chemical fertilizer reduction of peanut production in China.

Advances in Measures of Reducing Chemical Pesticides to Control Plant Diseases

In order to provide the technological support for further implementing measures of reducing chemical pesticide to control plant diseases,the research progress on non-chemical pesticide measures to control plant diseases are reviewed from the aspects of agricultural control,botanical pesticide control and microbial pesticide control,and the development prospects are proposed,including accelerating innovative research on botani-cal pesticide control such as Chinese herb extracts,and screening microbial pesticides from valuable bio-control bacteria or plant endophyte metabolites for commercial production and utilization.

Influence of Cooperatives’Socialized Services on Agricultural Households’Chemical Fertilizer and Pesticide Use Intensity-Based on the Evidence from Two Counties,Hubei,China

Abuse of chemical fertilizer and pesticide will not only impair the quality of agricultural products,but also damage the agricultural ecological environment.From the perspective of cooperatives’socialized services,this paper studies agricultural households’chemical fertilizer and pesticide use behavior,attempting to provide references for the government’s formulation of relevant policies and cooperatives’adjustment of their operation strategies.The survey data of 518 agricultural households in Zigui County and Badong County,Hubei Province,China are used to examine the influence of cooperatives and their socialized services on agricultural households’chemical fertilizer and pesticide use intensity via propensity score matching.Research reveals that:(1)Joining cooperatives has a significantly negative influence on agricultural households’chemical fertilizer and pesticide use intensity,and the average treatment effect is-341.505 yuan mu^(-1).(2)Agricultural materials supply services and technical support services can significantly bring down agricultural households’chemical fertilizer and pesticide use intensity,and the average treatment effect is-225.966 yuan mu^(-1)and-163.580 yuan mu^(-1),respectively.While the influence of agricultural products sale services on chemical fertilizer and pesticide use intensity is not significant.(3)Grouped investigation is carried out by age,education years and planting scale,and the influence of socialized services on agricultural householders’chemical fertilizer and pesticide use intensity is obviously varied among different groups.The influence of agricultural materials supply services on agricultural households who are elder,with smaller education years and small planting scale is significant;the influence of technical support services on agricultural households who are younger,with higher education years and small planting scale is significant;the influence of agricultural products sale services on agricultural households who are elder is significant.It is necessary to improve the percentage of agricultural households joining cooperatives,increase the supply level of cooperatives’socialized services,and make socialized services of cooperatives more targeted.All this can contribute to further reduction of agricultural households’chemical fertilizer and pesticide use intensity.

化肥减施下不同生物质炭对大棚辣椒生长及产量品质的影响

通过田间试验,考察化肥减施条件下两种小麦秸秆生物质炭在辣椒生产上的应用效果。结果表明,在氮磷钾总养分量减少30%以上的条件下,生物质炭1号(T1)、生物质炭2号(T2)均可明显改善土壤理化性质,提高大棚辣椒的产量与品质。与不施生物质炭(CK)相比,T1和T2处理的土壤有机质含量分别提高了15.57%和30.54%,辣椒产量分别提高了16.28%和12.66%,差异均显著;T1处理辣椒果实干物质、VC含量均最高,T2处理的可溶性糖、蛋白质含量均最高。综合对比两种生物质炭施肥处理效果,T1处理促进辣椒增产的效果较好,T2处理提升辣椒品质的效果较好。

蒙古黄芪化肥农药减施增效栽培技术规程

蒙古黄芪作为甘肃省道地中药材,生产中存在轮作倒茬不合理、施肥用药不科学、连作障碍突出、根腐病及地下害虫持续加重等问题,对种植生产造成了严重影响。为科学规范蒙古黄芪种植过程中化肥和农药施用,保护道地产区耕地质量,提高黄芪品质,经试验研究及多年示范,从范围、规范性引用文件、术语和定义、产地环境、化肥减施、种苗移栽、田间管理、主要病虫害防控、采收等方面制订了蒙古黄芪化肥农药减施增效栽培技术规程,以更好地指导黄芪种植生产。

Zero Growth of Chemical Fertilizer and Pesticide Use: China's Objectives, Progress and Challenges

In 2015 China’s Ministry of Agriculture introduced two Actions that seek to achieve zero growth in the use of chemical fertilizer and pesticides by 2020. Success in reaching these targets will help control agricultural non-point source pollution, increase cost efficiency, energy conservation and emission reductions, help to ensure the safety and quality of the national grain supply and agricultural products and the safety of the ecological environment, and realize the sustainable development of agriculture. However, successful implementation will be crucial. This article considers the main contents of the Actions and analyzes their feasibility from the perspectives of policy formulation, local practices, technical support and achievements. We identify problems and challenges and suggest that zero growth of chemical fertilizer and pesticide use can be achieved by undertaking basic research on the factors that shape the use of farm chemicals, making improvements to the monitoring and statistical system for chemical fertilizer and pesticide use, setting up demonstration projects and enhancing policies formulated to reduce chemical fertilizer and pesticide use.

化肥优化减施对麦茬旱直播稻强、弱势粒食味与营养品质的影响

以常规施肥处理(F0,施N 350 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)135 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O 135 kg/hm^(2))为对照,研究不同化肥优化减施处理(F1:施N 280 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)108 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O 135 kg/hm^(2);F2:施N 210 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)81 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O 135 kg/hm^(2);F3:施N 140 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)54 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O 135 kg/hm^(2))对麦茬旱直播稻强、弱势粒食味与营养品质的影响,以期为直播稻优质高产施肥管理提供参考。结果表明,各化肥优化减施处理总体上均显著提高了直播稻强、弱势粒崩解值和峰值黏度,改善了食味品质,F1、F2、F3处理强势粒的崩解值分别比F0处理显著提高8.35%、7.65%、9.78%,F1、F3处理弱势粒的崩解值分别比F0处理显著提高13.25%、11.13%。各化肥优化减施处理总体上均显著降低了强、弱势粒中组氨酸、脯氨酸及锰含量,总体上均显著提高了强、弱势粒中酪氨酸、精氨酸、赖氨酸含量和弱势粒中铜、锌含量,另外,F1处理还显著提高弱势粒中铁含量,F2处理显著提高强势粒中铁、铜含量及强、弱势粒中钙含量。与F0处理相比,F1、F2、F3处理强势粒的酪氨酸含量分别显著提高100.28%、44.76%、41.08%,弱势粒的酪氨酸含量分别显著提高85.21%、61.64%、22.47%;F1、F2、F3处理强势粒的赖氨酸含量分别显著提高28.87%、27.32%、70.62%,F1和F3处理弱势粒的赖氨酸含量分别显著提高27.23%、39.44%;F1、F2、F3处理强势粒的精氨酸含量分别显著提高6.54%、11.84%、2.18%,弱势粒的精氨酸含量分别显著提高32.83%、33.59%、23.02%。与F0处理相比,F1处理弱势粒铁含量显著提高27.16%,F1、F2、F3处理弱势粒锌含量分别显著提高18.86%、6.56%、3.39%,F1、F2、F3处理弱势粒铜含量分别显著提高2.49%、2.95%、3.11%。综上,化肥优化减施在提高强、弱势粒食味品质的同时,可以改善营养品质,总体上以F1处理最优。

化肥减量配施生物炭和秸秆对砂姜黑土区水稻产量、养分吸收和土壤碳的影响

为探讨砂姜黑土区养分资源高效管理和秸秆资源化利用方式,采用田间定位试验,连续2 a研究化肥减量配施生物炭和秸秆对该区域水稻产量、养分吸收和土壤碳的影响。试验设5个处理:①不施肥(CK);②常规施肥(100%NPK);③化肥减量20%(80%NPK);④化肥减量20%+秸秆(80%NPK+S);⑤化肥减量20%+生物炭(80%NPK+B),测定并分析水稻籽粒产量、地上部生物量、植株氮、磷、钾养分含量、土壤总有机碳(TOC)和微生物量碳(MBC)。结果显示,化肥减量20%配施生物炭或秸秆均有利于提高水稻产量和地上部生物量,且生物炭较秸秆的效果更为显著。化肥减量20%配施生物炭(80%NPK+B)处理的水稻产量和地上部生物量较100%NPK处理分别增加5.2%和4.7%,较80%NPK处理分别增加7.9%和7.2%;化肥减量20%配施秸秆(80%NPK+S)较100%NPK处理的水稻产量和地上部生物量分别增加3.4%和3.0%;80%NPK与100%NPK处理的籽粒和地上部生物量无显著差异;化肥减量20%配施生物炭显著提高了水稻地上部N、P_(2)O_(5)和K_(2)O养分累积量,较100%NPK处理分别提高了10.4%、7.2%和20.0%;化肥减量20%配施秸秆可显著提高氮、钾养分累积量,但却同时显著降低了磷素累积量;化肥减量20%配施生物炭或者秸秆,均有利于改善土壤总有机碳的累积,并且显著提高了土壤微生物量碳的含量,其中生物炭提高土壤总有机碳含量效果优于秸秆,而秸秆提高土壤微生物量碳含量效果优于生物炭。综合来看,在沿淮砂姜黑土区,化肥减量20%配施生物炭或者氮钾减量20%配施秸秆可增加或维持水稻产量,提高水稻对养分的吸收能力,利于固碳培肥。

当归化肥农药减施增效栽培技术规程

当归是甘肃道地大宗中药材,化肥和农药作为当归生产的主要投入品,过量施用直接影响当归的产量和品质,同时造成产地环境污染和耕地质量下降等问题。经过试验研究和生产示范,按照化肥农药减施增效目标,从范围、规范性引用文件、术语和定义、产地环境、化肥减施、种苗移栽、田间管理、主要病虫害防控、采收等方面总结提出了当归化肥农药减施增效栽培技术规程,以更好地指导当归生产。

生物有机肥与化肥减量配施对土壤养分及烟叶产质量的影响

为减少化肥的过量施用,提高湖南宜章植烟土壤肥力和烟叶生产效益,以烤烟品种‘K326’为材料,采用田间试验研究了不同比例生物有机肥与化肥减量配施对土壤养分及烟叶产量与品质的影响。结果表明:增施适当比例生物有机肥配合化肥减量能不同程度地改善土壤肥力质量,促进烟株的生长。随着生物有机肥比例的增加与化肥用量的减少,烤烟的各项生长农艺性状、感官评吸质量、产量、产值以及上等烟比例呈先升后降的趋势。其中,以减量20%化学追肥的T2处理对烟株的生长和烟叶的品质表现最好。与常规施肥的对照(CK)相比,烟草株高、有效叶片数和最大叶面积分别增加8.24%~17.00%、13.81%~23.22%和12.63%~16.86%,C3F烟叶中总糖和钾含量分别达到26.51%~30.01%和2.16%~2.86%,C3F和B2F烟叶的感官评吸质量分别提高1.67%~2.98%和3.12%~4.10%,烟叶产量、上等烟比例和产值分别提高3.76%~6.58%、3.38%~3.79%和8.24%~9.58%。研究结果为湘南植烟区应用生物有机肥与化肥减量配施提供了科学参考依据。

茶园化肥减施的认识误区及实施建议

茶园化肥减施是不是茶园不让施化肥了,是不是不施肥的茶叶品质更好?茶园化肥减施,茶叶还能长好吗?针对化肥减施行动实施以来,部分茶叶生产者的认识误区,讨论了茶园施肥的必要性、化肥减施的紧迫性,以及合理的化肥减施措施及成效。茶园施肥不足会影响茶树的正常生长,茶叶减产降质明显;施肥过量则会使土壤质量恶化,同样对茶树生长不利。只有通过合理施肥,并配套增效技术,才能促进茶树正常生长。茶园化肥减施要根据不同生产茶园具体情况进行,基本原则为总氮控制、磷钾基准养分合理配比,有机肥替代(以纯N计)比例25%~40%。

有机肥替代化肥对马铃薯干物质积累、分配与产量的影响

【目的】探究青海省东部农业区马铃薯在轮作条件下,施用化肥及不同量有机肥对马铃薯生长发育、产量及效益的影响,明确该地区最佳有机肥施肥量,为当地马铃薯增产增效提供理论依据。【方法】在青海海东市乐都区连续开展定位试验,在2021年设置不施肥(CK)、专家推荐化肥施肥(OPT)、有机肥施肥8995.50 kg/hm^(2)(T_(1))、7496.25 kg/hm^(2)(T_(2))、5997.00 kg/hm^(2)(T_(3))、4497.75 kg/hm^(2)(T_(4))、2998.50 kg/hm^(2)(T_(5)),共7个处理。研究不同施肥处理对马铃薯农艺性状(株高)、干物质含量及分配、经济性状(产量、加工商品率)的影响。【结果】有机肥处理T_(2)、T_(4)株高增高显著,其次为化肥处理OPT;不同处理对马铃薯根+茎+叶和块茎干质量平衡期延迟效果排序依次为:T_(4)>T_(3)>T_(1)>T_(5)>CK>T_(2)>OPT,干质量平衡期之后“剪刀差”最大的是OPT处理,其次是T_(2)处理;从现蕾期到收获期,马铃薯根茎叶所占干物质比例逐渐减小,而块茎所占干物质比例逐渐增加,但在同一生育期内,随着有机肥用量的减少,茎所占干物质比例呈增加趋势,而叶片所占干物质比例呈减少趋势;每公顷总产量最高的是T_(3)处理,其次是T_(2)处理,较CK、OPT增产均显著;加工商品薯率最高是CK处理,其次为T_(1)和T_(2)、T_(5),但与CK相比差异不显著。综合分析不同施肥处理对马铃薯农艺性状、经济性状的影响,认为在海东乐都马铃薯农业区,确保高产的有机肥最佳施用量范围为4497.75~7496.2 kg/hm^(2),确保较高加工商品率的有机肥最佳施用量范围为7496.25~8995.50 kg/hm^(2)。【结论】连续施用有机肥可显著增加马铃薯产量,达到增产增收增效的目的。

微生物菌剂与氮肥配施对紫花苜蓿生长及土壤性质的影响

为获得河西地区紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)人工草地上的最佳施肥组合。以‘惊盛’紫花苜蓿品种为试验材料,研究微生物菌剂与氮肥减量配施对紫花苜蓿植株生长、营养品质及土壤理化性质的影响,结果表明:与全量氮肥(CK)相比,微生物菌剂与氮肥减量处理的紫花苜蓿株高、干草产量无显著差异;与CK相比,C8,G8,C7和G7处理的紫花苜蓿粗蛋白、粗脂肪、中性和酸性洗涤纤维含量无显著差异,其中G7处理的紫花苜蓿粗蛋白含量最高;微生物菌剂与氮肥减量处理增加了土壤铵态氮含量(P<0.05),而土壤有机质、速效磷、含水率和pH值差异不显著;与CK相比,G7处理显著增加了土壤碱性磷酸酶活性(P<0.05)。通过对不同施肥处理的紫花苜蓿生长、营养和土壤指标的综合分析,综合表现最好的为G7(根瘤菌剂与氮肥减量30%),有利于减少河西地区氮肥用量,为河西地区紫花苜蓿的科学施肥提供依据。

化肥减施下优化施肥对广东冬作马铃薯产量和品质的影响

[目的]探究化学肥料减量下优化施肥对南方冬作马铃薯产量和品质的影响,明确该地区更合理科学的施肥量,为广东省冬作马铃薯产业的绿色高效发展提供理论依据。[方法]以马铃薯品种费乌瑞它一级脱毒种薯为试验材料,设置优化施肥(化肥减量配施商品有机肥)、常规施肥和空白对照3个处理,研究不同处理对广东冬作马铃薯产量、经济效益、肥料表观利用率和品质的影响。[结果]优化施肥处理总产量、商品薯产量分别高于常规施肥处理1093.8和793.4 kg/hm^(2),分别增加4.69%和3.78%;优化施肥处理的马铃薯块茎品质参数与常规施肥处理之间差异未达显著水平(P>0.05)。优化施肥处理氮磷钾肥的综合偏生产力为33.52 kg/kg,较常规施肥处理高6.61 kg/kg,增加24.55%;优化施肥处理肥料成本较常规施肥低3334.2元/hm^(2),降低19.92%;优化施肥产值为36446.0元/hm^(2),显著高于常规施肥处理(P<0.05)。[结论]在广东省冬作马铃薯种植中,优化施肥处理施肥方案可达到绿色高效,实现化肥减量的同时保证产量品质的提高与稳定。

连续化肥减量配施有机肥提升植烟土壤肥力质量的综合评价

为准确评价连续多年化肥减量配施有机肥料对烤烟产量及植烟土壤综合肥力质量的影响,探究植烟土壤质量提升与烤烟绿色优质协同的化肥减量有机替代技术。以长期定位试验的第7年数据为基础,运用因子分析法、相关系数法、内梅罗指数法,对不施肥(CK)、当地推荐常规施肥(100%化肥,CF)、化肥减量20%配施有机肥(OF)和配施生物有机肥(BIO)4个处理的土壤肥力质量进行综合评价,并采用随机森林回归分析,探讨各土壤单项肥力指标对烤烟产量的解释度。结果表明,在连续7年化肥减量20%条件下,配施有机肥和生物有机肥均能降低烤烟青枯病和黑胫病的发病率和病情指数,提高烤烟经济性状、产量可持续性与稳定性,提高植烟土壤养分含量和土壤肥力综合质量。随机森林分析表明,植烟土壤有效磷、碱解氮、全氮是影响烤烟产量的决定因素,其解释率分别为19.66%、15.38%、12.07%。在3种评价方法下,植烟土壤综合肥力指数IFI值均表现为BIO>OF>CF>CK,BIO和OF处理较CF处理分别提高23.03%~31.75%和4.92%~7.94%。3种评价方法的IFI值与烤烟相对产量均呈显著或极显著正相关关系,相关系数大小依次为内梅罗指数法(0.884)>因子分析法(0.867)>相关系数法(0.747)。因此,连续多年化肥减量配施不同有机肥具有提高植烟土壤综合肥力质量和烤烟产量及质量的持续效应,且以化肥减量20%配施生物有机肥的效果最优。

化肥减量配施有机肥对樱桃番茄土壤生物学特性及产量、品质的影响

研究化肥减量配施有机肥对土壤酶和微生物以及樱桃番茄生长发育、产量与品质的影响,以明确樱桃番茄在南方黄壤下对化肥减量配施有机肥的响应,为樱桃番茄高产优质生产技术及土壤培肥提供参考。以樱桃番茄为研究对象,在施用菌棒有机肥5.0 t/hm^(2)的基础上共设置6个处理,分别为CK(常规施肥)、T1(化肥减量10%)、T2(化肥减量20%)、T3(化肥减量30%)、T4(化肥减量40%)和T5(化肥减量50%)。结果表明:化肥减量配施有机肥分别平均提高了土壤酸性磷酸酶活性8.8%、蔗糖酶活性14.6%和纤维素酶活性31.9%,降低过氧化物酶活性14.9%,而过量减肥(T4、T5)显著降低脲酶活性;化肥减量10%~50%配施有机肥,单穗果数分别增加20.8%、18.3%、17.3%、12.9%和12.7%,产量分别提高10.6%、10.5%、8.4%、0.6%和0.2%;改善樱桃番茄的品质,可溶性糖含量提高了0.9%~8.2%、可溶性固形物含量提高了4.7%~11.3%、维生素C含量提高了1.3%~3.5%,可滴定性酸含量降低了8.5%~12.8%,糖酸比提高了1.0%~2.5%。因此,在常规施肥的基础上化肥减量20~30%,同时配施5.0 t/hm^(2)有机肥为最适宜的养分管理策略。

化肥减量配施生物有机肥对紫甘蓝产量、品质及干物质和养分分配的影响

【目的】筛选西北高原紫甘蓝提质增效的适宜施肥模式。【方法】以紫甘蓝品种紫宝为试验材料,共设5个施肥处理,分别为不施肥(CK0),当地常规施肥(CK1),化肥减量30%平衡施肥+400 kg/667m2生物有机肥(T400),化肥减量30%平衡施肥+600 kg/667 m^(2)生物有机肥(T600),化肥减量30%平衡施肥+800 kg/667 m^(2)生物有机肥(T800),测定分析紫甘蓝产量、品质、干物质和养分吸收积累。【结果】与CK1相比,T600处理的株高、茎粗和叶片数分别提高了5.00%、12.5%和17.39%;维生素C,可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量分别提高了19.09%、9.35%和18.87%。紫甘蓝的经济效益以T600处理最佳,较CK1提高了982.96元/667 m^(2)。T600处理总干物质积累量较CK1提高10.43%,叶球氮素、磷素、钾素积累量分提高了7.49%、18.75%和12.86%。【结论】化肥减量30%平衡施肥+600 kg/667 m^(2)生物有机肥能够促进紫甘蓝养分合理分配和吸收积累,提质增产效果显著,经济效益最高。

两种助剂在核桃腐烂病化学防控中的减药增效分析

【目的】研究核桃树腐烂病的发生规律及降低病害防控过程中化学药剂的施用剂量。【方法】于2022年4~8月在新疆和田地区布扎克乡的6个样地中,采用五点取样法,定点定株调查核桃树腐烂病的发生情况。将前期优化出的2种化学药剂:40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW和1.6%噻霉酮PF与两种助剂:透翠树皮穿透剂和99%绿颖矿物油设置10不同处理进行施用,施药后观察病斑复发及愈合情况,计算药剂防效、助剂校正防效和病疤平均愈合宽度。【结果】新疆和田县布扎克乡核桃树腐烂病在2022年5月和8月出现2个发病高峰期;病菌主要通过剪锯口侵入,占病斑总数的44.1%;向阳面病斑数最多;40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW药剂减量30%+透翠100倍液和1.6%噻霉酮PF药剂减量50%+透翠100倍液处理后防效较高,分别为80%和86.7%。【结论】筛选出的2组最优药剂组合有利于减少化学药剂的施用量,降低防治成本,减少对环境的污染。

化肥减施配施土壤调理剂对草莓品质和土壤养分的影响

以江苏丘陵地区大棚草莓为对象开展大田试验,研究化肥减施配施土壤调理剂对草莓果实品质和土壤养分的影响。本试验设置5个处理,为不施化肥对照(CK)、常规量施化肥处理(F100)、化肥减施50%处理(F50)、化肥减施50%同时配施硅钙镁土壤调理剂处理(F50S1),化肥减施50%同时配施骨粉处理(F50S2)。试验结果表明,与F100处理相比,不施化肥对照(CK)和F50处理草莓单株叶片数和头茬果单果质量显著减少(P<0.05),幼苗期土壤电导率、有效磷含量和速效钾含显著降低(P<0.05)。与F100处理相比,F50S1处理草莓幼苗期土壤pH值显著提高,缓解了土壤酸化对草莓幼苗生长的抑制作用,使株高和叶面积、现蕾率显著提高(P<0.05)。F50S2处理土壤有效磷含量、速效钾含量以及叶片全氮含量和头茬果单果质量与F100处理相比无显著差异(P>0.05),二茬果二级果果实硬度比F100处理显著提高了27.03%(P<0.05),F50S2处理能够显著延长草莓果实的货架期。综上所述,在过量施肥土壤中应适量减施化肥同时配施土壤调理剂,可以有效维持土壤养分供应,促进草莓生长发育,提高果实品质。