Reduplication in the Ibibio Language

This study investigates the morphological processes of reduplication in the Ibibio language.Its objectives are to ascertain if construction morphology can account for reduplication in the Ibibio language,what word class can be reduplicated and how reduplication occurs.This study adopts construction morphology as the theoretical framework and the data for the analysis were generated by introspection since the researcher is a native speaker of Ibibio and the standard Ibibio language was adopted.This study reveals that construction morphology can account for reduplication in the Ibibio language as data were analysed using construction morphology.It also reveals that in the Ibibio language,nouns,adjectives,adverbs and numerals are reduplicated completely while verbs and some adjectives reduplicate partially taking the consonant verb(CV)format as prefix(dá,dé,bó,kà,béetc).

Inflectional and Derivational Reduplication in Mandarin:Nominal Lexemes

Reduplication is a one of the creative ways in Mandarin.People usually reduplicate to express more deep lexical meaning or semantic meaning vividly.Reduplication is a process of forming new words by repeating an entire free morpheme(total reduplication)or part of it(partial reduplication).Morphologically,functions of Chinese reduplication may place categorically within the derivational domain of lexemes.In fact,whereas derivation typically forms new lexemes and can be category changing,reduplication often conveys values typically found in the inflectional domain.With using test of categorical word and test of lexical decomposition,this research achieves shed new light on the nominal reduplicative processes.As result,in nominal domain,reduplication gives as a result plural noun.In derivational domain,nominal lexeme in reduplication has flexible distribution of lexical items.

On the Delimitative Aspect: Verbal Reduplication

Previous literature shows that scholars differ considerably on what verbal reduplication indicates.By making use of an oral speech corpus,we analyzed and tested the data and found that the functions of verbal reduplication have close relationships with the time that the action takes place.this is a point that is different from other perfective aspectual categories,which are usual ly used in the past time.Due to its basic meaning,the delimitative aspect shows preference for volitional verbs.It has the semantic features of dynamicity,perfectivity,delimitativity,and transitoriness,yet it stresses the non-durativity of the event.

An Empirical Study of Word Class Labeling of Total Reduplication Lex⁃ emes in New Century Chinese-English Dictionary ( 2nd edition)

the widely discussed study of word class categorization has a long history of more than 2000 years,which is known as the study of the“God Particles”in language.As a typical analytic language,Modern Chinese,due to its lack of morphological changes,is challenged by a thorny problem of word classes especially when it comes to the criteria for word class identification and the treat⁃ment of multiple class membership.As such,all the controversies eventually give rise to some contradiction and confusion in word class labeling in Modern Chinese and Chinese-English dictionaries.As an important grammatical means in Chinese and the focus of lexicology and rhetorics,total reduplication lexemes serve as an essential part of Chinese-English dictionaries with complex and diverse word classes.Guided by the Two-level Word Class Categorization Theory,this thesis focuses on the word class labeling of total reduplication lexemes in New Century Chinese-English Dictionary(2nd edition)backed by large-scale balanced Modern Chi⁃nese corpora.With an innovative theoretical perspective,this study not only contributes to the word class labeling of total reduplica⁃tion lexemes and even sheds light on the compilation of Chinese-English dictionaries,but also drives the study of Modern Chinese word classes in the long term.

The Translation Strategies of Chinese Reduplicated Words From a Skopos Theory Perspective

This paper explores the translation strategies for Chinese reduplication to English from the perspective of Skopos theory. Drawing on previous research on the semantic functions of reduplication, the paper analyzes the three main types of semantic changes in Chinese reduplicated words: intensification of meaning, moderation of meaning, and addition of meaning. The paper then proposes different translation strategies for Chinese reduplication, including same-word repetition, near-synonym repetition, “have a try” form, “noun(pl.) + of” form, and “all”, “each”, and “every” pattern. Finally, the paper emphasizes the importance of understanding the intended communicative function of the reduplicated words and the need for flexible handling in order to achieve a natural translation with better readability.

On Static English and Dynamic Chinese through Tess of the D'urbervilles and its Two Versions in Chinese

Based on Tess of the D'urbervilles and its two versions in Chinese, the static feature of English is clarifi ed from two aspects: preponderance of nouns and feeble verbs while the dynamic feature of Chinese is refl ected by the frequent and fl exible application of verbs and verbal reduplication. The realistic value of this contrastive analysis is that it can point out the key points and diffi culties in learning English which is helpful for FL teaching, translation and lexicography.

昆明方言重叠结构对词的语义和声调的影响

昆明话中引起声调变化的主要原因可以归纳为两方面：（1）最通常的是语音的环境和语义的因素；（2）历史上的变化。然而再深一步地观察声调和句法结构的关系，则可以发现词的的重叠结构，也可以引起声调的变化。本文将着重讨论这一种调变因素；同时对重叠结构对几种词类词义上变化的影响，也作一些探讨。

从重叠词构词特点看英汉词汇的异同(英文)

Reduplication is an important part in lexicology and linguistics due to its unique word-formation and abundant rhetoric functions.According to different standards,reduplications can be classified into different groups.This thesis aims to contrast English and Chinese vocabulary through word-formation of English and Chinese reduplication words.By contrast,it is possible for English learners to extend their understanding about English and Chinese,and simultaneously promote the development of English and Chinese words,especially reduplication words.

Diagrammatic Iconicity in EkeGusii: A relation between the structure of form and meaning

This paper mainly presents evidence for a relationship between language structure and meaning in EkeGusii,a Bantu language spoken in Kenya.The main argument is that the structure of language mirrors the structure of reality.A brief overview of other scholars demonstrates that diagrammatic iconicity shows universal tendencies.Five main ideas run down the discussion.Firstly,in EkeGusii,speakers sub-consciously cluster sounds around related meanings,evidencing gestalt and relative iconicity.Secondly,there is evidence of overlap of morphological and phonetic iconicity,an aspect of phonaesthesia.Thirdly,reduplication in certain infinitives demonstrates the reality of phono-iconicity in EkeGusii,augmented by unpleasant sound sequences.Fourthly,certain onomatopes in EkeGusii are actually diagrammatic,indicating that there is no one stop criterion for classifying overlapping types of icons.And finally,the paper posits that iconicity intersects with arbitrariness showing that language has both motivated and discrete symbols.

On the Translation of Reduplicative Words in Chinese Form AABB——Analysis of Examples from Zhang Pei-ji's Selected Modern Chinese Essays 1-4

The reduplicative Chinese words in type AABB is a very special form in Chinese language, which is worth researching and analyzing. Through plenty of examples cited in the translation from Chinese to English by the translator Zhang Pei-ji in the four volumes of his translation works, the writer analyzes the phenomenon of translating AABB reduplicative words through examples collected manually in order to summarize the basic rules and principles in doing translation like this. The paper might be useful and helpful in researching translation and Chinese.

A Stylistic Perspective on Translation of Reduplicated Words in Classical Chinese Poetry

Chinese poetry has a very long and remarkable history.It is one of the most important representatives of China's ancient civilization of 5000 years.Chinese poetry utilizes quite a large number of methods in order to be more melodious and charming.Reduplicated words,as a figure of speech,are one of the most frequently used form among them.Reduplicated words as an active rhetorical device can add more flavor and taste to poems.They have the advantages of expressing the stylistic beauty effectively in form,sound and sense,thus push the article to its topmost aesthetic beauty.This paper,from a stylistic perspective,first discusses and argues the translatability of reduplicated words and then the importance to maintain the style of reduplicated words.After that it tries hard to put forward some favorable ways of dealing with the translation of reduplicated words so that reduplicated words in classical Chinese poetry can be appropriately translated without damage to the original style and flavor.