Treatment of Slightly Polluted Wastewater in an Oil Refinery Using a Biological Aerated Filter Process

The slightly polluted wastewater from oil refinery contains some COD, oil pollutants and suspended solids （SS）. A small-scale fixed film biological aerated filter （BAF） process was used to treat the wastewater. The influences of hydraulic retention time （HRT）, air/water volume flow ratio and backwashing cycle on treatment efficiencies were investigated. The wastewater was treated by the BAF process under optimal conditions： the HRT of 1.0 h, the air/water volume flow ratio of about 5 ： 1 and the backwashing cycle of every 4-7 days. The results showed that the average removal efficiency of COD, oil pollutants and SS was 84.5%, 94.0% and 83.4%, respectively. And the average effluent concentration of COD, oil pollutants and SS was 12.5, 0.27, 14.5 mg·L^-1, respectively. The experimental results demonstrated that the BAF process is a suitable and highly efficient method to treat the wastewater.

Design and Operation of the Printing and Dyeing Wastewater Treatment Project by Combination of Coagulation Sedimentation - Hydrolytic Acidification with Aeration Tank - Biological Aerated Filter - Active Sand Filter

In order to protect quality of Baiyangdian surface water and Gaoyang groundwater,the project is applied to process printing and dyeing wastewater that contains complicated compositions,high concentrations of organics and SS,and lots of pollutants difficult to degrade by microorganism. The process and operating parameters of project are optimized and debugged,and its economic and environmental benefits are analyzed.The results show that the process of coagulation sedimentation-hydrolytic acidification with aeration tank-biological aerated filter-active sand filter is applied in Gaoyang Sewage Treatment Plant. The design scale of sewage treatment plant is 120000 m^3/d. The influent is as following: COD is 669mg/L; SS is 424mg/L; NH_3-N is 8.83mg/L; TP is 6.03mg/L. After the process,the best removal rates of COD,SS,NH_3-N and TP are 93. 5%,98. 8%,97. 1% and 96. 2%,respectively. The various indexes of effluent water complied with standard A of the first order in Pollutants Emission Standard of Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant( GB 18918-2002). The processing cost is only 0. 807 yuan/m^3. As a result,the project construction and operation not only improve the environment,but also promote regional economic development. Process design and operating parameters provide an important reference value for the printing and dyeing wastewater treatment industry.

Effects of Phosphorus Concentration on the Treatment of Domestic Wastewater by a Combination of Hydrolytic Acidification and Biological Aerated Filter Filled with Mussel Shells

The combination of hydrolytic acidification and biological aerated filter （BAF） filled with mussel shells was used to treat domestic wastewater, and the removal rates of chemical oxygen demand （COD）, ammonia nitrogen （NH3-N） and total phosphorus （TP） by the system were analyzed under different TP concentrations. When TP concentration ranged from 12.39 to 14.69 mg/L, the removal rate of COD was the best, over 90.92% ; as TP concentration varied from 2.26 to 2.61 mg/L, the removal rates of NH3-N and TP were the best, up to 100.00% and 76.38% respectively. The results show that it is feasible to use mussel shells as the media of BAF, and TP concentration has certain influence on the performance of the system dealing with domestic wastewater.

Performances of lateral flow biological aerated filter in treating domestic wastewater

A new biological aerated filter?lateral flow biological aerated filter(LBAF) is developed. The effects of air/water ratio, hydraulic loading and the length of LBAF on pollutants removal efficiency are tested. The results show that under optimal technological conditions when hydraulic loading is 0.43 m3 m?2 h?1 and air/water ratio is 10:1, the average removal efficiencies of COD, SS, NH3-N, and TN reach 88.01%, 95.18%, 78.97% and 52.58%, respectively. An LBAF has a large pollutants handling capacity; is less liable to be blocked, and has a longer operation cycle in comparison with a traditional BAF.

Characteristics of integrated biological aerated filter in municipal wastewater treatment

In this paper, the characteristics of integrated biological aerated filter (IBAF) applied to municipal wastewater treatment were studied in a pilot scale experiment. The experimental results showed that IBAF has high efficiencies in removing organic pollutants, such as CODCr and SS, in municipal wastewater. The removal rates of CODCr and SS can reach over 90% and 80%, respectively, when COD and SS in the influent are 234 mg L1 and 112 mg L1, hydraulic retention time (HRT) is 8 h, and the aerated intensity is in the range of (0.5 to 0.6) L m2 s1.

Kinetic Performance of Oil-field Produced Water Treatment by Biological Aerated Filter

The biological aerated filter(BAF)was used to treat the oil-field produced water.The removal effi- ciency for oil,COD,BOD and suspended solids(SS)was 76.3%—80.3%,31.6%—57.9%,86.3%—96.3%and 76.4%—82.7%,respectively when the hydraulic loading rates varied from 0.6m.h- 1to 1.4m.h -1.The greatest part of removal,for example more than 80%of COD removal,occurred on the top 100cm of the media in BAF.The ki- netic performance of BAF indicated that the relationship of BOD removal efficiency with the hydraulic loading rates in biological aerated filters could be described by cr/ci=1-exp(-2.44/L 0.59).This equation could be used to predict the BOD removal efficiency at different hydraulic loading rates.

Study of Wastewater Advanced Treatment and Reclaimed Water Reuse for a Large General Hospital

A combined process of biological aerated filter,fiber ball filter and chlorine dioxide disinfection was used to treat effluent of primary hospital wastewater in Jinan.Its treatment capacity was designed as 400m^3/d based on the reclaimed water demand of the large general hospital.The quality of the effluent can meet the requirements of the Reuse of Urban Recycling Water——Water Quality Standard for Urban Miscellaneous Water Consumption(GB/T18920-2002).The project has less site area,low investment and operation cost and high automatic control level,so it can provide scientific references for design and operation of similar projects.

Research on DAF-BAF process in textile wastewater treatment

This experiment researches textile wastewater, adopts a BAF process that has developed quickly in recent years, and makes use of dissolved air flotation as a pretreatment process that can effectively make up for BAF’s lack of removing Chromaticity color. Performance effect, influencing factor, control condition have been reviewed and parameters of correlation have been analyzed in this experiment. The experiment and actual performance results indicate that this process is an effective way to remove the COD, suspended solid and colority with the value of 100 mg/L, 50 mg/L and 70 multiple respectively. The effluent meets the requirement of the standards of national sewage discharge. This process features a simple schematic, small location, continuous, reliable performance, strong shock and loading resistance and easy operation. Experimental data can provide scientific evidence and technical support for engineering practice of this process.

生物增效低曝气BC-BAF处理低碳高氨氮废水的性能研究

为改善传统曝气生物滤池(BAF)对低碳高氨氮比猪场沼液脱氮除磷效果差的困境,采用生物炭(Biochar,BC)为BAF载体填料,接种课题组前期驯化好的脱氮除磷功能菌泥,低曝气条件下构建生物增效BC-BAF工艺。研究该工艺对猪场沼液脱氮除磷的效能,并基于高通量测序技术分析启动前后微生物种群的组成变化,最后结合启动后污泥样品的能谱分析(EDS),探讨其强化脱氮除磷机理。结果表明,启动成功后的生物增效BC-BAF工艺对低碳高氨氮猪场沼液的NH4+-N、TN和TP的平均去除率分别达到了65.27%、60.31%和63.20%;与脱氮除磷功能相关的优势菌属Nitrosomonas(2.12%),Candidatus_Brocadia(3.24%),Acinetobacter(3.88%),Micropruina(24.72%),norank_o_RBG-13-54-9(11.71%),JGI_0001001-H03(1.77%)和unclassified_f_Burkholderiaceae(1.11%)在反应体系中实现了很好的富集。微曝气生物增效BC-BAF工艺处理猪场沼液反应体系中存在短程硝化、厌氧氨氧化以及反硝化脱氮等多种途径,而对于总磷的去除主要以生物除磷和吸附沉淀的联合方式进行。

某盐化工业园废水处理工程设计实例

某工业废水处理厂主要接收上游精细化工以及医药生产企业产生的工业废水,该工业废水可生化性差、盐分高。设计采用预处理-两级AO生化处理-高效沉淀-臭氧接触氧化-生物滤池-V型滤池-超滤-反渗透-浓水臭氧催化氧化-浓水曝气生物滤池-浓水澄清池-滤布滤池-次氯酸钠消毒工艺,介绍了处理工艺、主要构筑物设计参数以及运行效果。工程运行结果表明,处理后外排水可稳定达到GB 18918—2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》一级A标准,其中CODCr和BOD5限值优于该标准,分别为40 mg/L和6 mg/L。

Cu/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)催化剂催化臭氧氧化处理炼油污水

以γ-Al_(2)O_(3)为载体,通过浸渍法制备了Cu/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)臭氧氧化催化剂。物化性能测试结果表明,催化剂比表面积为304.8 m^(2)/g,孔径为5~10 nm,抗压碎力大于100 N,该催化剂可耐受短期酸性废水冲击,并具有一定的抗结垢性。将该催化剂用于臭氧氧化工艺与曝气生物滤池结合处理炼油污水生化出水。催化剂对臭氧氧化降解炼油污水生化出水COD催化效果良好,同时废水可生化性显著提高,利于后续曝气生物滤池深度去除COD。在进水COD为40~154 mg/L的条件下,出水COD稳定在20~40 mg/L,实现了耐冲击稳定运行。

高盐石油废水中有机物的生物降解研究

为解决石油开发过程中所产生的高盐含油废水等问题,采用生物法降解高盐石油废水,其中,较高的盐度能够抑制异养细菌代谢功能同时大大降低其修复效率.从高盐度石油废水中筛选出6株优势和3株非优势的耐盐石油降解菌,这9株菌多为革兰氏阴性杆菌,均可在1%~5%高盐环境下正常生长,并将其应用于曝气生物滤池处理工艺,对高盐石油废水进行降解研究.水力停留时间为5 h,气水比为3∶1,化学需氧量(chemical oxygen demand,COD)的平均去除率可达50%,出水COD值维持在50 mg/L以下,符合城镇污水排放1级A标准.

不同热解温度BC对BAF处理水产养殖废水的影响机制

为改善传统曝气生物滤池(BAF)处理水产养殖废水中氮磷和抗生素的处理效果,本文以人工模拟含磺胺甲噁唑(SMX)、磺胺嘧啶(SDZ)、恩诺沙星(ENR)和环丙沙星(CIP)的水产养殖废水为处理对象,以不同热解温度下(400,500,600,700℃)制备的生物炭(BC)分别作为不同BAF的填料(编号依次为2#~5#),研究了其对BAF启动运行过程中COD、氨氮、TN、TP和4种抗生素的去除效能影响,同时以传统沸石填料的BAF作为对照组(编号1#).利用多种测试手段解析了反应器稳定运行典型周期内污染物的去除特性、微生物胞外聚合物(EPS)含量和电子传递系统活性(ETSA),并运用高通量测序技术分析了各反应器内关键微生物种群组成.结果表明,与传统BAF相比,BC作为填料强化了2#~5#BAFs对废水中氮、磷及抗生素等污染物的去除效能,并且高温热解的BC更有利于各污染物的去除;反应器内微生物EPS含量和PN/PS值均高于对照组,且随BC热解温度的升高而增加;而ETSA与BC的热解温度呈负相关,但以BC作填料的2#~5#BAFs内ETSA均高于1#BAF(对照组),BC填料增加了BAF内的电子传递.同时,与抗生素降解及氮磷去除相关的功能菌属,如Micropruina(相对丰度0.42%~8.18%)、Rhodobacter(0.63%~2.94%)、norank_f__Chitinophagaceae(0.23%~3.98%)、Microbacterium(0.37%~1.66%)等,其相对丰度与BC热解温度呈正相关.BC热解温度为700℃的5#BAF除污效能最优,其稳定运行期间,对TN和TP的平均去除率达51.99%和41.00%,对SDZ、SMX、ENR和CIP的平均去除率达71.84%、75.01%、62.91%和69.62%.

两级滤池+超滤在污水深度处理工程中的应用

呼和浩特市某污水处理厂深度处理工程规模为20×104m3/d。针对进水可生化性差、用地紧张等特点,确定该深度处理工程采用曝气生物滤池+反硝化生物滤池+浸没式超滤+臭氧接触氧化的工艺路线。深度处理工程出水水质达到地表水准V类水质标准。投产运行后,出水水质达到并优于设计标准。介绍了该工程工艺流程、设计参数、设备配置及处理效果,对深度处理工程工艺的选用具有一定的指导意义。

曝气生物滤池在高标准污水处理厂提标改造中的应用

江苏某市由于区域污染物排放总量的限制,当污水排放量增长后需降低污染物的排放浓度,该市某污水厂因此要进行提标改造,建设规模为1.7×10^(5)m^(3)/d,出水水质由一级A提高至地表“类Ⅲ类水标准”。文中总结了该污水厂提标的设计经验,设计采用“硝化+反硝化+滤布过滤+臭氧-生物活性炭(O_(3)-BAC)+超滤”处理工艺,脱氮处理构筑物采用曝气生物滤池,抗冲击负荷强,运行管理简单,滤池平均36~48 h反冲洗一次,硝化滤池各级出水设置导流板后,反硝化滤池进水溶解氧质量浓度可稳定在4~6 mg/L。单位用地面积为0.15 m^(2)/(m^(3)·d^(-1))。根据2020年—2021年的运行数据,当进水COD_(Cr)、BOD5、SS、氨氮、TN、TP质量浓度为12~26、3.8~7.1、1~6、0.22~2.22、5.34~11.60、0.15~0.40 mg/L时,各污染物平均去除率分别为29%、23%、44%、57%、52%、68%,通过该工艺处理后出水水质稳定达标,为未来污水厂更严格的排放标准提供了升级提标工艺思路和经验借鉴。

曝气生物滤池气冲工艺的若干优化设计建议

曝气生物滤池已广泛应用于污水厂深度处理工艺。结合某石化废水扩建工程项目,在图纸详细设计阶段,从反洗气干管设计、排气管设计、过气孔设计以及反洗气管支管设计等方面,提出了曝气生物滤池气冲工艺的四点优化设计建议。经过设计优化后,该石化废水扩建工程曝气生物滤池出水CODCr质量浓度明显降低,平均去除率提高20%左右,且出水污染物浓度更加稳定。

串联曝气生物滤柱对麦芽酚废水深度净化研究

通过以固定化曝气生物滤柱(immobilized aerated biofilter column,I-BAF)系统为基础,建立了一套硝化曝气生物滤柱与耐盐碳氧化曝气生物滤柱的串联运行系统。将硝化曝气生物滤池的化学需氧量(chemical oxygen demand,COD)与碳氧化生物滤池串联后达到更好的废水处理效果。在串联系统中,COD和NH_(3)-N的去除率分别为61%和86%。文中研究了碳氧化曝气生物滤池去除COD的过程,分析了有机物从芳环向长链或烯烃的变化趋势。在处理后的废水中,COD和NH_(3)-N含量分别被控制在60 mg/L和10 mg/L,且出水的水质能满足《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》1级B标准(GB 18918—2002)。

港口石化仓储废水处理工程实例

港口石化仓储废水毒性大、水质波动大,采用隔油/气浮/生物流化床/厌氧沉淀池/臭氧-BAF/BAF组合工艺路线,在进水COD≤1500mg/L情况下,出水COD稳定低于60mg/L,完全达到广东省地方标准《水污染物排放限值》(DB44/26-2001)第二时段一级标准,可作为中水回用。该处理工艺具有占地少、运行费用低、操作维护简单方便等特点,能有效解决仓储企业的废水处理问题。

BAF-高级氧化工艺在处理煤化工废水中的应用

某污水处理厂原设计为市政城市污水处理厂,运作平稳。随着区域经济发展和环保标准的提升,需增加对煤化工废水的处理,并开展提标更新改造。设计在原工艺前对煤化工废水进行BAF+臭氧高级氧化预处理,对原有二级处理设施和深度处理设施进行升级改造,改造后出水水质可稳定达到《地表水环境质量标准》GB3838-2002中的类Ⅳ类水标准。

联合工艺处理印染园区RO浓水工程案例分析

印染废水回用RO浓水电导率高,废水经过膜回收系统浓缩后,难降解有机物含量高,废水可生化性差,硝态氮浓度高,色度高,达标处理难度大。项目采用“反硝化滤池→催化氧化→曝气悬浮生物滤池”联合工艺进行废水深度处理,处理后出水COD小于65 mg/L,NH_(3)-N小于0.5 mg/L,TN小于9.5 mg/L,水质稳定达到《纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准》(GB4287-2012)中表2水质排放限值要求。