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Review on Innovative Catalytic Reforming of Natural Gas to Syngas 被引量:1
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作者 Salwa A. Ghoneim Radwa A. El-Salamony Seham A. El-Temtamy 《World Journal of Engineering and Technology》 2016年第1期116-139,共24页
Decreasing supplies of high quality crude oil and increasing demand for high quality distillates have motivated the interest in converting natural gas to liquid fuels, especially with the present boom in natural gas p... Decreasing supplies of high quality crude oil and increasing demand for high quality distillates have motivated the interest in converting natural gas to liquid fuels, especially with the present boom in natural gas proven reserves. Nevertheless, one major issue is the curtailment of costs incurred in producing synthesis gas from natural gas, which account for approximately 60% of the costs used in producing liquid fuels. While there are three main routes to convert natural gas to syngas: steam reforming (SMR), partial Oxidation (POX) and auto-thermal reforming (ATR). Significant new developments and improvements in these technologies, established innovative processes to minimize greenhouse gases emission, minimize energy consumption, enhance syngas processes, adjust the desired H<sub>2</sub>/CO ratio and change the baseline economics. This article reviews the state of the art for the reforming of natural gas to synthesis gas taking into consideration all the new innovations in both processes and catalysis. 展开更多
关键词 Natural Gas reforming processes Technology SYNGAS reforming Catalysts
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Bring into Full Play the Role of Catalytic Reforming Unit
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作者 Zhu Yunxia 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS 2005年第2期9-16,共8页
This article after analyzing the current status of catalytic reforming technology in China puts forward a host of problems related with catalytic reforming capacity, feedstock, size and techno-economic indicators. To ... This article after analyzing the current status of catalytic reforming technology in China puts forward a host of problems related with catalytic reforming capacity, feedstock, size and techno-economic indicators. To solve these problems it is proposed to properly increase the catalytic reforming capacity,extend the feedstock source, and eliminate the bottlenecks to boost the capacity of existing units, improve the operating and management level, as well as speed up R&D work, disseminate new technologies, new processes and novel catalysts. 展开更多
关键词 catalysis reforming process catalyst feedstock
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Experiments on Development of Channel Pattern in the Process of River Reformation
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作者 ZHANG Junyong CHEN Li LIU Yucheng DING Zhiliang(State Key Lab.of Water Resources and Hydropower Eng.Sci.,Wuhan Univ.,Wuhan 430072,China) 《四川大学学报(工程科学版)》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2005年第S1期128-132,共5页
The changing of flow conditions caused by construction of hydro-projects will result in river's refor- mation and development of channel pattern.In this paper,the development of channel pattern in the process of r... The changing of flow conditions caused by construction of hydro-projects will result in river's refor- mation and development of channel pattern.In this paper,the development of channel pattern in the process of reformation is studied by means of flume experiments.Influence of slope,grain size,angle-of-inflow,dis- charge and discharge process are comprehensively analyzed according to the experimental data.It was found that the channel would be widened as the river slope or discharge increased and grain s... 展开更多
关键词 reformation process channel pattern angle-of-inflow discharge process
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How "New SOEs" Come of Age: Four Decades of China's SOE Reform 被引量:2
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作者 Huang Qunhui 《China Economist》 2018年第1期58-83,共26页
China's complex and twisted journey of SOE reform over the past four decades is an unprecedented transformation in its history and is at the center stage of its economic reforms. Over the past four decades, SOEs tran... China's complex and twisted journey of SOE reform over the past four decades is an unprecedented transformation in its history and is at the center stage of its economic reforms. Over the past four decades, SOEs transitioned from being affiliates of a planned economy to "new SOEs" as modern enterprises under the market economic system. This journey can be roughly divided into the following four stages: the reform to expand SOE autonomy during 1978-1993, the reform to create a modern enterprise system during 1993- 2003, the reform to create a new system for the administration of state assets during 2003- 2013, and the new era of classified SOE reform since 2013. After the four stages, China's SOE reform has made tremendous achievements, particularly since the 18th CPC National Congress. V~th policy readiness for SOE reform in the new era, reform should be carried out in a comprehensive and systematic manner for different types of SOEs in the future. 展开更多
关键词 SOE four decades of reform process next step of reform classified SOEreform
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On Deepening Reform of Processing Trade Regulations 被引量:1
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作者 Wan Zhongxin 《China & World Economy》 SCIE 2003年第1期25-29,共5页
The processing trade has, since 1996, taken half of the total import and export trade value for a consecutive six years. Despite the impact and influence of the Asian financial crisis, it has maintained a momentum of ... The processing trade has, since 1996, taken half of the total import and export trade value for a consecutive six years. Despite the impact and influence of the Asian financial crisis, it has maintained a momentum of steady growth. In the five years from 1997 to 2001, import and export value through the processing trade grew at an annual average rate of 10.5 percent, with exports growing at an annual average rate of 11.8 percent. This good growth momentum continued into 展开更多
关键词 of on IT AS On Deepening Reform of processing Trade Regulations been for IS MODE HAVE that into
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Migration of harmful elements in municipal sludge under hightemperature oxidation conditions
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作者 Xiao-dong Ping Hai-feng Wang +3 位作者 Feng Wang Xin-yu Wan Zhi-wei An Jian-lei Pan 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第9期1701-1713,共13页
Municipal sludge is produced in large amounts and is difficult to treat.Incineration is the most direct and thorough treatment method.In order to study the feasibility of sintering for municipal sludge treatment,the m... Municipal sludge is produced in large amounts and is difficult to treat.Incineration is the most direct and thorough treatment method.In order to study the feasibility of sintering for municipal sludge treatment,the municipal sludge reforming process was studied under high-temperature oxidation conditions.The results showed that the sludge reforming process could be divided into four stages:the precipitation and evaporation of adsorbed water,the precipitation and combustion of the volatile,the combustion of the residual volatile and solid carbon,and the decomposition of salts and the melting of sludge.An increase in the heating rate resulted in more intense sludge combustion and improved the sludge reaction capacity and combustion performance.After burning at 1300℃,Si,Ca,Mg,Al,K,Na,and Cu formed new phases and entered the slag.75%of P remained in the slag.80%of the S formed SO_(2) and entered the flue gas.Cl formed gaseous chlorides like HCl upon combustion and entered the flue gas.As sintering is a feasible method for treating municipal sludge,care must be taken to limit the amount of P that ends up in the ore. 展开更多
关键词 Municipal sludge Oxidizing atmosphere Mini-sintering reforming process Element migration
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