Architecture as a Means of Developing Social Exchange:Learning from a Danish Case Study of Refurbishment and Urban Transformation in a Disadvantaged Housing Area

Disadvantaged housing areas from the postwar period typically consist of relatively monotonous and monofunctional multi-storey blocks and have a separate traffic system rendering the areas isolated enclaves in the urban fabric.It is argued that this spatial isolation contributes to social isolation,and current refurbishments are therefore aimed at linking the housing areas with the surrounding neighbourhoods to enable social exchange between the residents and people from the surrounding areas.Based on a case study in a Danish social housing area,this paper discusses to what extent architectural development and urban strategic transformations can contribute to enabling social exchange in disadvantaged housing areas.Do neighbours enter the disadvantaged housing area as intended?If so,how does this influence their perception of the housing area?The analysis shows that architectural development and urban transformations are interdependent in establishing a social mix in disadvantaged housing areas.It is argued that refurbishments can reduce the stigma surrounding the housing area and its residents.However,the applicability of such strategies is highly dependent on the local context of the housing area.

Resilience analysis of road tunnels subject to refurbishment work

After some tragic fire events,Directive 2004/54/EC was issued to ensure a minimum safety level for tunnels belonging to the Trans-European Road Network longer than 500 m.Nowadays,most of the Italian road tunnels are still not in compliance with the minimum safety requirements,thus refurbishment works are often planned.By developing a traffic macro-simulation model,this paper aims at assessing the resilience of an existing twin-tube motorway tunnel when one of its tubes is partially or completely closed due to planned activities.Several scenarios were investigated,also considering the availability or not of an alternative itinerary in the surrounding transportation network.The average vehicles’speed was used as a functionality parameter,while the resilience metrics were the resilience loss,the recovery speed,and the resilience index.The findings showed higher resilience losses for complete closure rather than partial closure of the tube under planned refurbishment works.The implementation of digital technologies,such as variable message signs,might reduce the resilience loss of the tunnel system.This research might represent a reference for tunnel management agencies in the choice of the most appropriate traffic control strategy to improve tunnel resilience in the event of planned activities.

考虑品牌优势的回收商生产模式研究:再制造或翻新

研究品牌优势对回收商生产模式选择的影响机制,并基于三方博弈模型,运用KKT条件等方法分析不同品牌优势下,回收商选择再制造或翻新的决策条件和利益分配结果。结果表明,在品牌优势较低的情况下,回收商的生产模式选择会依赖回收成本。当回收成本较低时,全部翻新是回收商最优策略,但这会损害品牌制造商和品牌零售商的利益;当回收成本适中时,回收商倾向于部分翻新,此时品牌零售商可以从中获益,但品牌制造商会受到冲击;当回收成本较高时,回收商翻新威胁小,品牌制造商和品牌零售商都会默认接受这一结果。在品牌优势较高的情况下,回收商和品牌制造商有动机达成再制造协议,实现双方的共赢,但品牌零售商会极力反对这一协议。此外,合作再制造模式并不一定能带来更高的消费者剩余,在一定条件下,翻新竞争模式下消费者剩余可能会超过合作再制造模式下的水平。

我国城市轨道交通既有线改造路径探讨

随着城镇化进程的加快,城市轨道交通既有线改造在促进城轨高质量发展和城市可持续发展方面具有重要的战略意义。既有线改造涉及专业面广、待解决问题复杂,过去以解决安全问题为主要目标的消隐改造、以部分专业为对象的专项改造已难以满足新时代既有线改造需求。因此,面对城市轨道交通高质量发展要求,亟须深入探讨我国城市轨道交通既有线改造发展路径。本文在梳理北京既有线改造历程的基础上,从面临的问题与实现的愿景两方面展开了对城市轨道交通既有线改造需求的分析,提出了既有线改造的整体思路,同时从城轨可持续发展方面创新地提出了既有线改造中的投融资思路,并从制度建设、要素活力、投融资机制、科技赋能、技术攻关、相关标准6个方面给出既有线改造工作建议,以期为我国城市轨道交通既有线改造提供思路。

基于生命周期评价法模型的废旧轮胎翻新的环境效益评价

对废旧轮胎进行翻新是减少资源消耗和环境污染,促进产业循环经济发展的重要手段。本文选择全钢巨胎为研究对象评价了废旧轮胎翻新的环境效益。研究发现,在全钢巨胎生产过程中,原材料投入是环境影响的主要来源。如果按全球平均水平(6.00%)进行翻新,环境总影响将减少4.20%,而按照北美平均水平(47.00%)进行翻新,环境总影响将减少32.90%。这表明,在全钢工程轮胎生产中引入废旧轮胎回收工艺具有较强的环境友好性。鉴于目前我国对废旧轮胎翻新的重视不足,本研究还给出了相应的政策建议。

金属顶盖封装芯片的翻新识别方法及应用

随着对电子产品的可靠性的要求越来越高,对芯片假冒翻新更是零容忍。传统的假冒翻新判断方法和判据更多的是针对塑封器件,带金属顶盖封装芯片的翻新识别方法和依据尚属于行业空白。基于带金属顶盖芯片封装结构、破坏性物理分析和相关行业标准,制定了一套针对带金属顶盖封装芯片的翻新识别方法。同时,根据以往翻新识别工作中的案例,发现90%以上带金属顶盖封装芯片可以通过热界面材料的轮廓、类型和颜色进行翻新识别。这些成果为翻新芯片的识别提供了十分重要的工程手段,且为电子产品制造可靠性提升奠定了坚实的技术基础。

波形梁钢护栏旧板翻新方法

针对公路改建或扩建时,原公路所用的旧波形护栏被大量报废的问题,研发了一项护栏翻新技术。该技术的工艺流程主要包括翻新准备、旧板挑选、旧板结构整形、旧板除漆除锈、环氧锌基聚酯复合涂层喷涂以及成品包装码垛。技术的关键点在于旧护栏板结构整形、旧板除漆除锈和环氧锌基聚酯复合涂层喷涂三部分,可使旧护栏板满足防撞等级要求、外观要求和使用性能要求,有效解决了旧护栏板的报废处理而带来的资源消耗和浪费问题。通过护栏板翻新技术,使翻新后的护栏板满足使用要求,实现旧护栏板的再利用,从而节约钢铁资源,减少护栏的加工工序,降低了公路的建设成本,具备一定的经济效益和社会效益。

西班牙梅里达古罗马狄安娜神庙区域更新设计

古罗马狄安娜神庙及其周边考古遗址是西班牙梅里达市最重要的区域之一,随着城市的发展,其周边场地被围墙围合,丧失了城市公共性。文章首先指出建筑师在古罗马狄安娜神庙区域更新项目中的首要目标,是重新利用古罗马时期遗留的广场空间,在延续历史痕迹的同时重建城市公共空间;文章进一步从场地、几何形态和材料三方面详细分析了具体的设计策略,包括重整场地秩序,根据遗址和周边住宅情况新建“围廊建筑”,通过对“围廊建筑”层高、材料和细部构造的精心设计,与神庙对话,最终形成以神庙为中心的复合广场空间;新建建筑充分尊重历史遗产,满足当代功能,为城市创造了充满活力、灵活可变的公共空间。

高温氧指数测定试验数据研究

高温氧指数测定试验是在传统氧指数测定方法基础上附加了温度影响因素的一种新型试验方法。是一种较比传统氧指数测定更加严格的测试方法,高温氧指数测定针对长期暴露在热源辐射条件下的保温材料和装饰材料更加符合使用场景的燃烧性能要求,更贴近材料本身的使用场景。通过对高温氧指数测定实验数据的研究可以加深对常规装饰装修材料特别是保温材料在高温环境下的燃烧性能的认识。对在高温环境下氧指数测定结果下降较大的影响因素开展研究,可以有效地提高材料的燃烧性能,丰富其使用场景和应用领域。

商学院一期修缮更新项目电气设计

结合某高校商学院校区的一期修缮更新工程的实例,阐述了修缮建筑的供电方案设计思路。着重探讨了该校区作为修缮项目的情况下,针对校区建筑层高、面积不满足的情况进行机电系统改造。对本项目的防雷接地设计进行了深入的探讨,最终得出了最优的设计方案,可为类似的修缮、更新项目设计提供参考。

A Study on the Impact of Urban River Refurbishment to the Thermal Environment of Surrounding Residential Area

In this study, a simulation was conducted targeting Beomeo stream of Daegu, for the purpose of the quantitative determination of the changes in thermal environment of surrounding residential areas according to the urban river refurbishment. For the study method, the reviews of literature and model verification were conducted, and then the results were derived through the process of comparing and analyzing the thermal environment resulting from the river refurbishment of the target area. As a result of the model verification, the accuracy of modeling was 95%. As a result of a simulation of the target area, in respect of the fluctuation of temperature, the temperature decreased by 1.33°C more in the daytime than in the night time, due to the river refurbishment. In respect of the positions, the decrease of the temperature was 1.33°C at 2 pm at position 1, the position of river refurbishment, and the highest in the entire time slots. Also, the changes in temperature increasingly decreased from position 1 to position 4. It seemed that it was because there was the highest radiant heat at position 1 with the biggest gap between artificial mulching and natural mulching, and the effect of the gap in the radiant heat influenced successively over position 2, 3 and 4. Lastly, in respect of the effect of river refurbishment on the surrounding area, the effect reached to position 3, in other word, 60 meters from the river.

Refurbishment of Significant Timber Structures in Slovakia

The paper presents an analysis and a subsequent refurbishment of significant buildings in Slovakia. The analysis focuses on the load-bearing timber roof-structures. There are three sacral objects and one long-span sporting hall presented. The paper tries to introduce the background of difficult refurbishment process. Before the refurbishment, a thorough process of investigation is required This process includes four basic steps. General information about the load-bearing structure is obtained from the geodetic survey that foregoes the process of diagnostic inspection. The diagnostic survey focuses on the defects of the structure, their degree and possible origin. Modem methods of computer modelling help to understand the structural operation and help to find reserves of carrying capacity. Structural analysis should take into account all detected defects and the joint types, which can influence the transfer of forces. The refurbishment project is usually a brief, but clear summary for fulfilling the needs of Monument Board and building process. All the steps require knowledge from different fields and require professional approach.

The Economic Effect of the Housing Refurbishment in Urban Regeneration

With the increasing ratio of self-owned housing, the demand for new building as gradually reduced. In other words, the demand of refurbishment becomes more urgent. The major objective of this paper is to explore and investigate the consumer behavior of housing renovation. We plan to explore the direct effects of housing refurbishment or restoration on the housing prices, and then the indirect effects of an externality spilled over to the neighbor. We will understand the overall effects to provide a preliminary estimate of the changing in the economic value resulting from the change in the housing refurbishment or restoration of buildings. This research also dig into how the effects in the housing refurbishment or restoration in Taipei city ＆ Kaohsiung city. The purpose is to investigate the driving force on the housing restoration. This study will be the empirical study on the economic values by using hedonic price model. The result will be useful on the decision-making on the urban regeneration by the way of housing restoration and suggests that property owners of a housing estate will benefit from participating on refurbishment in Taiwan.

Energy Saving Potential Due to Refurbishment of Federal Public Housing in the UAE

This paper, computer energy modeling is used to estimate the potential energy savings of refurbishing existing public federal housing in the United Arab Emirates. Such houses are built by the UAE Ministry of Public Works (MoPW) in five of the seven emirates that make up the UAE federation. The energy modeling was performed using the Integrated Environmental Solutions-Virtual Environment (IES-VE) commercial software. The study covered representative MoPW houses built in the period of 1974-2012. The results indicate potential energy savings upto 30.8% for the case of model 717 when refurbished to 2 Pearls standards compared to the as built configuration. The results showed little benefit in going from 1 Pearl to 2 Pearls refurbishment level. Thus 1 Pearl seems to be the most practical. This shows the high potential for energy, and thus environmental, savings should refurbishment be carried out on the homes built by the MoPW.

Inter-Organizational Conflict (IOC) in Building Refurbishment Projects;an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) approach

Over the past years,there has been an expanding intrigued in building refurbishment projects because of the alter in financial conditions and the accentuation on sustainable development.Increasing demand for building refurbishment projects will lead to an increase in organizational interactions in the construction works as building refurbishment works involve interactions among many different organizations and it can cause Inter-Organizational conflict(IOC)among organizations involved in projects.This paper adopted an Exploratory Factor Analysis(EFA)approach to analyses IOC in building refurbishment projects.For this study,a fivepoint Likert Scale was adopted to ensure the instruments of the study are reliable.The researcher ultimately sent questionnaires as a web-link and email invitation to 1050 construction firms and 733 architectural firms.The questionnaire sent to managers and professionals from construction and architectural firms in Malaysia.Finally,one-hundred-seventy-nine(179)refurbishment projects formed a database for this paper.The finding of this paper shows the IOC factors that contribute to the improve the performance of building refurbishment project can be conflict during the construction stage,conflict between the client and the consultant,task expectations,basic responsibilities,final duration,project’s goals,conflict between the client and the contractor,final cost,final quality,standards of behaviors,conflict between the contractor and the consultant,interference and conflict during the design stage.

我国废旧橡胶循环利用行业的现状与发展

分析我国废旧橡胶循环利用行业中旧轮胎翻修再制造(轮胎翻新)、硫化橡胶粉、再生橡胶和废橡胶热解四大门类的发展历程、行业现状与特点。指出我国废旧橡胶循环利用行业存在的问题,并提出发展建议,废旧橡胶循环利用产业未来应向高技术、高性能、高价值化方向发展。

胫骨平台后倾角在前交叉韧带中的应用研究

胫骨平台后倾角(posterior tibial slope angle,PTSA)作为前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)损伤的危险因素,引起学者的广泛关注,但其作用机制及诊断治疗在运动医学领域仍旧缺乏系统研究。PTSA的测量目前存在多种方式,本文通过复习文献认为应通过下肢全长X线片进行测量,并结合多种影像资料进行综合评估可以减少误差。较大的PTSA会增加ACL损伤的风险,因此,对于>12°的患者在ACL重建术中应尽可能保留半月板及必要时联合胫骨截骨术矫正治疗,可有效预防韧带再损伤的风险。步态分析对于术前致病模式及术后的康复功能有着重要的参考价值,将对以PTSA为依据的个体化康复策略的制定有着指导意义,以期达到最佳的治疗效果。

老旧住宅精细化改造策略和参与式设计研究--以苏州蚕桑地小区为例

室内精细化改造已成为提升老旧住宅品质的重要路径。尤其是小户型住宅,在有限空间内优化布局、加强置物功能、改善居住体验,需从用户个性化需求和心理层面出发,探索改造设计方法。文章以苏州蚕桑地小区住宅为例,针对室内部品、场景、界面现状进行调研与分析,并基于混合现实技术,重点阐述了用户视觉感受导向下的参与式精细化改造方法。

智能数字媒体管理平台项目建设实践

本文简述了省级广播电视集团智能数字媒体管理平台项目的设计和建设要点,分析了智能化技术对数字媒体管理的关键工作,本项目建设通过智能化技术对广电行业海量数字媒体管理,对历史资料价值挖掘和再利用具有积极探索和推动作用。

老旧小区改造外墙立面修复翻新涂料施工技术

为实现对墙体结构的翻新与改造,提高外墙立面的防水性能,对老旧小区改造外墙立面修复翻新涂料施工技术展开研究。检查老旧小区改造外墙立面基层结构,标注基层异常点,处理存在病害的墙体,检查基层结构砂浆修补位置的含水率与碱性程度是否与其他结构位置一致;根据外墙立面修复翻新施工涂料技术性能标准,设计涂料施工与主要技术参数;规划外墙立面板缝节点处理与防水施工方案,完成对墙体立面的翻新改造。通过淋水试验的方式,对修复翻新的外墙立面防水性能进行综合测试,测试结果证明设计的施工方法,具有较好的防水、防渗漏效果,可在实际应用中发挥技术优势。