The common walnut(Juglans regia)is one of the most economically important nut trees cultivated worldwide.Despite its importance,no comprehensive evaluation of walnut tree population genetics has been undertaken across...The common walnut(Juglans regia)is one of the most economically important nut trees cultivated worldwide.Despite its importance,no comprehensive evaluation of walnut tree population genetics has been undertaken across the range where it originated,Central Asia.In this study,we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of 1082 individuals from 46 populations across Central Asia.We found moderate genetic diversity of J.regia across Central Asia,with 46 populations clustered into three groups with a weak relationship between genetic and geographic distance.Our findings reveal that the western Himalaya might be the core region of common walnut genetic diversity in Central Asia and that,except for two populations in Gongliu Wild Walnut Valley,humans might have introduced walnut populations to Xinjiang,China.The observed distribution of the genetic landscape has probably been affected by historical climate fluctuation,breeding system,and prolonged anthropogenic activity.We propose the conservation of the core genetic diversity resources in the western Himalaya and pay special attention to populations from Gongliu in Xinjiang.These findings enhance our understanding of the genetic variation throughout the distribution range of J.regia in Central Asia,which will provide a key prerequisite for evidence-based conservation and management.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the relationship between triterpenoid saponin content and antioxidant,antimicrobial,and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of 70%ethanolic,butanolic,aqueous,supernate and precipitate extract...Objective:To investigate the relationship between triterpenoid saponin content and antioxidant,antimicrobial,and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of 70%ethanolic,butanolic,aqueous,supernate and precipitate extracts of Juglans regia leaves.Methods:Triterpenoid saponins of different Juglans regia leaf extracts were measured by the vanillin method.Antioxidant activity was evaluated against DPPH and ABTS free radicals.We also assessed α-glucosidase inhibitory and antimicrobial activities of the leaf extracts.Pearson’s correlation coefficient was evaluated to determine the correlation between the saponin content and biological activities.Results:The butanolic extract was most effective against DPPH with an IC50of 6.63μg/mL,while the aqueous extract showed the highest scavenging activity against ABTS free radical with an IC50of 42.27μg/mL.Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated a strong negative correlation (r=-0.956) between DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50) and the saponin content in the samples examined.In addition,the aqueous extract showed the best α-glucosidase inhibitory activity compared with other extracts.All the extracts had fair antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis,Escherichia coli,and Klebsiella pneumoniae except for the aqueous extract.Conclusions:Juglans regia extracts show potent antioxidant,antimicrobial,and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.There is a correlation between saponin levels in Juglans regia leaf extracts and the studied activities.However,additional research is required to establish these relationships by identifying the specific saponin molecules responsible for these activities and elucidating their mechanisms of action.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the antifertility activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Delonix regia(Boj.ex Hook.)Raf.leaves and seeds which are traditionally being used by Yanadi tribe to treat dysmenorrhea.Methods:Three expe...Objective:To evaluate the antifertility activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Delonix regia(Boj.ex Hook.)Raf.leaves and seeds which are traditionally being used by Yanadi tribe to treat dysmenorrhea.Methods:Three experimental animal models,including anti-implantation,early abortifacient,and estrogenic activity in female rats,were used for evaluation of the antifertility activity of both extracts at two dose levels(250 and 500 mg/kg,orally).There were five groups in the anti-implantation and early abortifacient activity while six groups in estrogenic activity including the standard.The number of implants,resorptions,vaginal cornification,body weight,uterus weight,and biochemical parameters were measured.Results:At doses 250 and 500 mg/kg,the leaf extract was found to have strong anti-implantation action.The extract administered at the same doses also caused a significant rise in the number of resorptions,showing early abortifacient activity,increased uterine weight,and altered numerous biochemical parameters.Meanwhile,the seed extract only displayed slight anti-implantation activity at both levels.Conclusions:Based on these preliminary findings,we can conclude that the leaf extract outperformed the seed extract in terms of antifertility activity,exhibiting potent estrogenic,anti-implantation and early abortifacient activities in a dose-dependent manner.These findings are consistent with the literature study and corroborate to the antifertility activity of the plant.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170398,42211540718,32260149,41971071)the Top-notch Young Talents Project of Yunnan Provincial“Ten Thousand Talents Program”(YNWR-QNBJ-2018-146)+5 种基金CAS“Light ofWest China”Program,and Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan(202201AT070222)the Fund of Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crop Wild Relatives Omics(CWR-2024-04)the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20224BAB215012)the Science and Technology Research Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education(GJJ2202401)Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(ZDBSLY-7001)Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(202201BC070001).
文摘The common walnut(Juglans regia)is one of the most economically important nut trees cultivated worldwide.Despite its importance,no comprehensive evaluation of walnut tree population genetics has been undertaken across the range where it originated,Central Asia.In this study,we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of 1082 individuals from 46 populations across Central Asia.We found moderate genetic diversity of J.regia across Central Asia,with 46 populations clustered into three groups with a weak relationship between genetic and geographic distance.Our findings reveal that the western Himalaya might be the core region of common walnut genetic diversity in Central Asia and that,except for two populations in Gongliu Wild Walnut Valley,humans might have introduced walnut populations to Xinjiang,China.The observed distribution of the genetic landscape has probably been affected by historical climate fluctuation,breeding system,and prolonged anthropogenic activity.We propose the conservation of the core genetic diversity resources in the western Himalaya and pay special attention to populations from Gongliu in Xinjiang.These findings enhance our understanding of the genetic variation throughout the distribution range of J.regia in Central Asia,which will provide a key prerequisite for evidence-based conservation and management.
基金supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Umm Al-Qura University(Grant code:22UQU4331128DSR77).
文摘Objective:To investigate the relationship between triterpenoid saponin content and antioxidant,antimicrobial,and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of 70%ethanolic,butanolic,aqueous,supernate and precipitate extracts of Juglans regia leaves.Methods:Triterpenoid saponins of different Juglans regia leaf extracts were measured by the vanillin method.Antioxidant activity was evaluated against DPPH and ABTS free radicals.We also assessed α-glucosidase inhibitory and antimicrobial activities of the leaf extracts.Pearson’s correlation coefficient was evaluated to determine the correlation between the saponin content and biological activities.Results:The butanolic extract was most effective against DPPH with an IC50of 6.63μg/mL,while the aqueous extract showed the highest scavenging activity against ABTS free radical with an IC50of 42.27μg/mL.Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated a strong negative correlation (r=-0.956) between DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50) and the saponin content in the samples examined.In addition,the aqueous extract showed the best α-glucosidase inhibitory activity compared with other extracts.All the extracts had fair antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis,Escherichia coli,and Klebsiella pneumoniae except for the aqueous extract.Conclusions:Juglans regia extracts show potent antioxidant,antimicrobial,and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.There is a correlation between saponin levels in Juglans regia leaf extracts and the studied activities.However,additional research is required to establish these relationships by identifying the specific saponin molecules responsible for these activities and elucidating their mechanisms of action.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the antifertility activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Delonix regia(Boj.ex Hook.)Raf.leaves and seeds which are traditionally being used by Yanadi tribe to treat dysmenorrhea.Methods:Three experimental animal models,including anti-implantation,early abortifacient,and estrogenic activity in female rats,were used for evaluation of the antifertility activity of both extracts at two dose levels(250 and 500 mg/kg,orally).There were five groups in the anti-implantation and early abortifacient activity while six groups in estrogenic activity including the standard.The number of implants,resorptions,vaginal cornification,body weight,uterus weight,and biochemical parameters were measured.Results:At doses 250 and 500 mg/kg,the leaf extract was found to have strong anti-implantation action.The extract administered at the same doses also caused a significant rise in the number of resorptions,showing early abortifacient activity,increased uterine weight,and altered numerous biochemical parameters.Meanwhile,the seed extract only displayed slight anti-implantation activity at both levels.Conclusions:Based on these preliminary findings,we can conclude that the leaf extract outperformed the seed extract in terms of antifertility activity,exhibiting potent estrogenic,anti-implantation and early abortifacient activities in a dose-dependent manner.These findings are consistent with the literature study and corroborate to the antifertility activity of the plant.
