Carbon Emission Measurement and Regional Difference Analysis of China's Construction Industry

Green and low-carbon development of construction industry is one of the important ways to achieve the"dual carbon"goal in China.This study first measured the carbon emissions of the construction industry in 30 provinces in China,and then used the Dagum Gini coefficient and its decomposition method to explore the regional differences and sources of carbon emissions of the construction industry in China.The results show that the carbon emissions of construction industry in China generally show an upward trend,and there are significant differences in carbon emissions of construction industry among provinces,and the main source of regional differences is inter-regional differences.However,the contribution rate of inter-regional differences showed a significant downward trend,while the contribution rate of hyperbolic density increased day by day,and the contribution rate of intra-regional differences increased slightly.The results of this study will provide a reference for China to formulate more reasonable carbon emission reduction targets and differentiation strategies for the construction industry.

3D Model Construction and Ecological Environment Investigation on a Regional Scale Using UAV Remote Sensing

The acquisition of digital regional-scale information and ecological environmental data has high requirements for structural texture,spatial res-olution,and multiple parameter categories,which is challenging to achieve using satellite remote sensing.Considering the convenient,facilitative,and flexible characteristics of UAV(unmanned air vehicle)remote sensing tech-nology,this study selects a campus as a typical research area and uses the Pegasus D2000 equipped with a D-MSPC2000 multi-spectral camera and a CAM3000 aerial camera to acquire oblique images and multi-spectral data.Using professional software,including Context Capture,ENVI,and ArcGIS,a 3D(three-dimensional)campus model,a digital orthophoto map,and multi-spectral remote sensing map drawing are realized,and the geometric accuracy of typical feature selection is evaluated.Based on a quantitative remote sensing model,the campus ecological environment assessment is performed from the perspectives of vegetation and water body.The results presented in this study could be of great significance to the scientific management and sustainable development of regional natural resources.

Correlation between Geographical Regional Economy and Construction of County-level Vocational Education Centers

In the period of Eleventh Five-Year Plan,the construction of county-level vocational education centers in Shanxi Province made great contribution to local social and economic development. Due to influence of special geography,population environment and regional economic development situation,it forms the pattern of strong in southeast and weak in northwest. Thus,scientific making plan for construction of vocational education centers in northwestern counties( cities) and establishing long-term mechanism for construction of vocational education centers will be helpful for serving regional economic construction.

Research on the Construction of Ecological Civilization Model under the Regional Harmonious Development Background

In this paper, we conduct research on the construction of the ecological civilization model under the regional harmonious development background. Our country has achieved by the planned economy to basic socialist market economy important historic transformation, regional management system after several changes, the government organization adjustment for many times, in both market and government forces to promote the regional cooperation mechanism is increasingly rich, mutual assistance and support mechanism gradually complete, a variety of the mechanisms as we pattern is emerging. The current regional harmonious development must be based on general regional interests coordination, strive to build a regional comparative advantage into full play, regional gap control in a reasonable scope, area equal basic public services, strengthen market integration, effective utilization of the resources and ecological environment protection and improve the dynamic combination of fi ve goals. Under this basis, we propose the new perspectives on the issues that are meaningful.

Population Construction and Super-high Yield Characteristics of Japonica Super Rice in Cold Regions

[Objective] This study was conducted to construct a super-high yield population of Japnica rice in cold regions of North China and to explore its characteristics. [Method] The super rice variety Longjing 21 was selected as the experimental material. Different row spacing（two levels）, plant spacing（three levels） and seedling number per hill（three levels） were designed in field trials. Then, the growth stages,dry matter accumulation, leaf area, yield and yield components of these different treatments were measured. [Result] Rice yield had significantly negative correlation with plant spacing and row spacing, but no significant correlation with seedling number per hill. Rice yield was mainly affected by plant spacing, and less affected by seedling number per hill. The best recommended specifications for plant spacing of super rice variety Longjing 21 were 24 cm for row spacing, 12 cm for plant spacing and five seedlings per hill, and the expected yield was 10 473.0 kg/hm^2.The increased number of total spikelets（4.5×108hm2or more） in populations was the major reason for high yield. Super-high yield populations had fewer tillers at the early growth stage and achieved the expected number of productive tillers at critical leaf-age（June 25）, and tiller number peaked at jointing stage（July 6） and was about 1.2 times of the expected number. The percentage of productive tillers in total tillers of super-high yield population was more than 85% at heading stage. At middle growth stage（from jointing to heading stage）, the dry matter accumulation, leaf area index（LAI） at heading stage, effective leaf area, spikelet number of population,spikelet number per leaf area unit（cm2）, and culm-sheath weight per stem of super-high yield population were significantly higher than those of other populations.At late growth stage（from heading to maturity stage）, the leaf area decreasing rate of super-high yield population was significantly smaller than that of other populations. At late growth stage（from heading to maturity stage）, the leaf area decreasing rate, crop growth rate, net assimilation rate, biomass accumulation, number of filled grains per leaf area unit（cm^2） and grain weight per leaf area unit（cm^2） of high-yield population were significantly higher than those of other populations. Output and translocation of dry matter（weight per stem and sheath and total filling rate at maturity） from heading to milky stage of super-high yield population were significantly higher than those of other populations. [Conclusion] The characteristics of superhigh yield rice in cold region of North China are enriching the amount of actual filling of sink through improving photosynthetic efficiency from heading to maturity stage on the basis of enough panicle numbers.

Study on constructive system of green cave dwelling in Loess Plateau—Interpretation with the “regional gene” theory

This article reveals the inherent evolution adjusting mechanism of regional architecture by means of considering the concept and method of "regional gene" as the research approach of regional architecture construction system, and in the mean- while establishes the "gene database" of regional architecture and optimum technology, on the basis of the principle of sustainable development and scientific evaluation system. In addition, this article chooses the planning of model villages of cave dwellings in Loess Plateau and the construction of ecological cave dwellings for case study to prove the feasibility of the research approach.

CHARACTERISTICS AND CONSTRUCTION OF LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY IN ARID REGIONS

This paper analyzes the characteristics of the landscape structures and landacape ecological processes in arid regions of China. Landscape structure is simplicity and homogeneity with the pattern of desert oasis river and canal corridor. The spatial distribution of landscape heterogeneity mosaics is relatively dependent on water resources. In arid regions, the landscape changes rapidly and extensively because of the sensitive landscape ecosystems and fragile regional ecosystems. For the sustainable development of arid regions, the theories and methods for the eco environmental construction and the strategies of ecological construction in the arid regions were proposed in the view of landscape ecology. Keynote subjects of landscape ecology were also discussed. The paper points out that protecting and increasing landscape diversity and heterogeneity are critical to control ecological safety in arid regions.

Strategies and Economic Benefit Analysis for Productive Landscape of Rape Flower Sea in Cold Regions

The cold regions are located in high latitudes and cold climates.The local excellent ornamental plant resources are relatively scarce.The plant species that are suitable for both ornamental and productive benefits of landscape of flower sea construction are also even fewer.Therefore,it is imperative to introduce and screen the plant resources suitable for cold regions to create the landscape of flower sea.The rape,an oilseed crop,was used as a research object in order to create a productive flower landscape with both ornamental and economic values in cold regions.Four rape flower varieties,Qingza No.5,7,9,and 11,were introduced from Qinghai Hufeng Agricultural Science and Technology Group Co.,Ltd.They were planted in the experimental practice base of Northeast Agricultural University in three batches.Development characteristics and seed yield of rape flowers on different sowing dates were studied.The fuzzy probability method was used to comprehensively evaluate the varieties.The results showed that the rape flowers grew well in Harbin City during the experimental sowing period,which could form a good landscape of flower sea and had a considerable rapeseed yield.It could be widely used in cold urban and rural areas,such as Harbin City.In view of the experimental results,the strategies of creating a productive landscape of rape flower sea were proposed and the economic benefits were analyzed.It could change the status quo of a uniform landscape of flower sea in cold regions,help the development of rural tourism,and promote local economic income.

Path Choice of New Countryside Construction in Western Region of China under the Perspective of Ecological Environment

General situation of ecological environment in western region is introduced,as well as its relationship with new countryside construction.Result shows that ecological conditions of western region not only play an important role in the achievement of new countryside construction in western region,but also directly affect the ecological safety of eastern region and the sustainable development of China.Problems in new countryside construction in western region are analyzed under the perspective of ecological environment,which are the weak concept of ecological protection,the ecological environment which needs to be improved,the difficulty in agriculture development,and the backward plan for human settlement.According to these problems,path of new countryside construction in western China is pointed out under the perspective of ecological environment,such as promoting ecological economy,developing competitive industries,speeding up spatial planning,optimizing the living environment,changing the traditional concept into scientific and rational development,and restoring the ecological environment by making use of agricultural support.

Examining the Impact of Welfare Facilities on Building Construction Employee’s Performance in the Eastern Region of Ghana

Building Construction employees essentially required sufficient welfare facilities such as a place for washing, shower, change over, eat and drink, a place to store and hang clothing. Yet, these fundamental necessities are regularly disregarded. Decent welfare facilities can absolutely promote health and well-being and can aid to avert contracting diseases at building construction site. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of welfare facilities on building construction workers performance in the Eastern Region Ghana. The objectives were to identify welfare facilities provided by building construction firms, evaluate the satisfaction level of building construction firms’ employees with welfare facilities in Eastern Region, and determine the relationship between provision of welfare facilities and employee’s performance. The study employed convenient sample to investigate 80 building construction employees through questionnaires administration. Data generated from the survey was further analyzed using SPSS, weighted mean formula was used to determine the mean ranking, and descriptive and inferential statistics such as mean score, percentages, frequencies and chi square were used. The study reveals that the extent of welfare facilities at various construction sites was almost unavailability of sanitary and toilet facilities, unavailability of washing facilities, and unavailability of changing room, whiles drinking water and locker facilities were available but not sufficient. The study further finds that construction employees are dissatisfied with the condition of welfare facilities provided at their various work places. The study finally concludes that if workers are provided with decent welfare facilities at various building construction sites, it will motivate them to improve performance. The study recommends that metropolitan, municipal and district authority (MMDAs) should set a task force to check the implementation of welfare facilities at construction site as the results are pointing woeful insufficiency of welfare facilities at Eastern Region construction firms in Ghana.

Typology of Local Construction Materials from the Adamawa and North-West Regions of Cameroon

This article summarizes the different local construction materials observed in two regions of Cameroon (Adamawa and North-West). These raw materials were mapped and evaluated using various methods of investigation (spatial distribution, estimation of reserves, development of a database compatible with geo-referenced maps). The results obtained show three types of local construction materials (vegetal, pedological and geological) with quantitative estimation or distribution. Vegetal local materials include herbaceous savanna with strong dominance of straw in Adamawa region than the North West region. Pedological local construction materials include lateritic soils (ferruginous or clayey), harplan, sandy clay and sandy clay soil while geological local construction materials include volcanic, plutonic and metamorphic rocks. Many sites of these geological materials are suitable for the rock quarry plant. Adamawa region also contains sedimentary rocks constituted by metamorphic conglomerate and sandstones. Two main types of residential homes are constructed with these local construction materials in these regions of Cameroon. These include huts and houses.

Analysis on Regional Characteristics of Dangjia Village in Hancheng City of China

By using cross-disciplines research method,deep survey and analysis had been conducted on residences of Dangjia Village in Hancheng City from four aspects which were spatial factors,spatial organization,decoration pattern and regional creation technology.In terms of spatial factors,courtyards,halls and wing-rooms had been studied;in terms of spatial organization,lane spaces and combination of courtyards had been emphasized;in terms of decoration pattern,stone carving decoration,brick carving decoration and wood carving decoration had been highlighted;in terms of creation technology,analysis had been conducted on structure,materials and structural features,so as to reveal regional characteristics of traditional residences at this area.During analysis process,it emphasized that traditional architectural style of Dangjia Village formed in certain historical condition.With the change of society,economy and culture,it should fully respect and inherit traditional architectural form,and utilize new materials,new technology,new structure and new creative measures during new countryside construction,so as to construct architectures inheriting and manifesting regional characteristics.

Construction of“Beautiful Village”Landscapes from the Perspective of Ecological Civilization: A Case Study of Zizhulin Village in Yanshan County

Based on the interpretation of the connotation of ecological civilization and rural landscape, and takes Zizhulin village in Yanshan County as study object, tiiis paper discusses tiie landscape pattern of Zizhulin Village relying on the national 4A level scenic spot, and demonstrates the feasibility of its construction of natural ecological landscape and local cultural kndscapej so as to provide reference for the construction of the ＂beautiful village＂ landscape with good ecological environment in other parts of China.

Permafrost in Qinghai Province:Characterization and impact on transportation construction

Through a long-term summary of highway construction in the permafrost regions of Qinghai Province, the formation conditions and distribution characteristics of permafrost and their impact on transportation construction are analyzed. Research achievements on the stability of highways and urgent technical problems in the transportation construction in permafrost regions are discussed, and new development directions of highway construction in permafrost regions of Qinghai Province are introduced to provide cold regions engineering researchers with valuable references.

THOUGHTS ON CONSTRUCTING THE DEMONSTRATING AREAS OF THE ECOLOGICAL REBUILDING AND ECONOMIC SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN HEXI REGION

Based on the field investigations, this paper analyzes systematically the achievements and problems of constructing the demonstrating areas of the ecological rebuilding and economic sustainable development in Hexi, Gansu Province, and then the thoughts on constructing the demonstrating areas are brought forward. It is considered that all kinds of ecological demonstrating areas should be merged in order to construct large scale characterized demonstrating areas which go beyond the district. In other words, in Hexi Region, Zhangye District should be constructed as the largest ecoagriculture demonstrating area of high technology; Wuwei District should be constructed as the largest ecological demonstrating area of agricultural comprehensive exploitation; JiuJia District, which is the shortened form of Jiuquan and Jiayuguan, should be constructed as the largest ecotourism demonstrating area; and Jinchang City should be constructed as the largest ecoindustry demonstrating area. At the same time, the constructing pattern should be selected according to the actual circumstances; science and technology should be applied to construct the demonstrating areas and accelerate the industrialization in the big market. Additionally, it is important to smooth the constructing system and implement the flexible and efficacious running mechanism, and it is suggested that the committee should be organized to administer the ecological demonstrating areas in Hexi Region.

Regional Studies and the Cultural Rise Strategy of the＂ One Belt and One Road＂ Developmental Concept

The developmental concept of "One Belt and One Road" epitomizes the basic ideology of the Chinese Dream of Chinese cultural renaissance and shows the cultural explanatory power and innovatory power keeping pace with time. Concerning the detailed analysis of the theoretical system of"One Belt and One Road",there lacks a universal theoretical framework and the foundation of the Chinese philosophy and literature."One Belt and One Road"is not only a new developmental strategy,but also a new proposition for reconstruction of our cultural status.

Research on the Regional Ecological Environment Evaluation and Application under the Influence of the Severe Earthquake Disaster

To conduct the ecological restoration and reconstruction of disaster areas after the severe earthquake, such as Wenchuan Earthquake and Lushan Earthquake, this article uses region al ecological environment evaluation and ecological footprint to construct a quantitative analysis model on the basis of ecololgical environment indexes in Mianzhu City. Through this model, resource status of the regional environment in Mianzhu is analyzed, as well as the ecological capacity and the ecological security. Based on the evaluation and analysis, this paper provides multi-path development strategies of ecological restoration and sustainable development of human settlements after the earthquake.

Microclimatic Factors Effect on Productivity of Construction Industry

It is apparent that heat can hamper timing and productivity of construction work that occurs outside. There are many types of construction changes and each type can have an effect on labor and machinery productivity. But what is the effect of extreme heat & humidity and dust storm on construction industry can occur either indoor or outdoor work. Construction materials production data from main four companies in the Gulf region over five years period were collected. This study found that the adverse sever summer climate of heat and dust storms lead to a significant reduction in production. An average of week with six days during summers of heat exceeding 46C with high humidity reduces production in the week by 10% on average. A cross the regional companies, severe weather reduce production on average by 7% and delay the deliveries date. While it is possible that companies are able to recover these losses at some later date of summers. Further, even if recovery does occur at some point at very least these shocks are costly as they increase the volatility of production. Also this study concludes useful results for assessing the potential productivity shock associate with inclement weather as well as guiding managers on where to locate a new production facility. We recommend developing of empirical model for Heat Prediction in the region to expect to become more relevant as climate severity and frequent of severe weather.

数字乡村建设驱动西部地区共同富裕——内在机理及实证检验

数字乡村建设既是数字中国战略的重要方面,也是推动实现共同富裕的重要举措,研究数字乡村建设对共同富裕的影响具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。文章基于2018~2020年中国817个县域面板数据,实证考察了数字乡村建设对西部地区共同富裕的影响效应与作用机制。研究结果表明:数字乡村建设既能促进提升农村居民相对收入,也能缩小城乡收入差距,显著推进了西部地区共同富裕进程。分区域异质性分析发现,数字乡村建设促进西部地区共同富裕的积极效应在县级市中要大于非县级市。分维度异质性分析发现,乡村经济数字化以及乡村生活数字化对西部地区共同富裕的促进作用更加显著。产业结构升级是数字乡村建设驱动西部地区共同富裕的重要作用渠道,意味着数字乡村建设可以通过促进产业结构升级来提高农村居民的相对收入,收敛城乡收入差距。数字乡村建设对城乡收入差距的影响存在乡村治理数字化门槛,跨越门槛值后,数字乡村建设弥合城乡收入差距的作用更大。由此,在持续推动数字乡村建设在西部地区纵深发展的同时,应重视数字乡村建设差异,搭建区域共建协作机制,兼顾其均衡发展,建立数字乡村建设赋能共同富裕长效机制,不断提高数字乡村治理能力,以良性数字乡村建设促进西部地区共同富裕,实现城乡共享共同富裕成果。

中国新型基础设施建设:统计测度及产业结构升级效应

系统梳理新基建的主要领域,重塑新基建的测度指标体系,在考察2017—2021年中国新基建水平及特征的基础上,探讨新基建对产业结构升级的影响。研究发现:党的十九大以来,中国新基建水平实现跨越式提升,有效提振了国内需求并推动了数字化转型工作;目前融合基础设施、创新基础设施是部署新基建的主要堵点和难点;随着区域协调发展战略的贯彻落实,近年来新基建的地区差距有所缓解,在区域一体化水平日益提高的基础上应进一步加强区域间的协同联动;新基建可显著促进产业结构升级,且考察期内随时间推移这种正向促进效应愈加明显。