Research and Analysis of Regional Ecological Positioning in Planning Environmental Impact Assessment

The regional ecological positioning of one area is based on the region’s ecological orientation by the country or a larger region.Combined with the region’s natural geographical features,ecological background,main ecological problems,regional ecological structure,pattern,process,function and service,etc.,the position of a certain area in ecological space,structure,process,function and service,etc.is determined through the analysis and research.Regional ecological positioning is an important prerequisite and core basis for regional ecological impact assessment.However,in the current regional ecological impact assessment,most of them have not analyzed and studied the regional ecological positioning.Due to the lack of research on regional ecological positioning,it is rare to apply the research results of regional ecological positioning to the establishment of regional ecological objectives and the construction of index system.Regional ecological positioning does not guide the direction of regional ecological protection and construction well,and there is a general tendency of regional ecological positioning being one-sided and slogan-based.This paper analyzes the necessity and importance of research of regional ecological positioning,puts forward the technology framework of study on regional ecological positioning.With regional ecological positioning research in planning ecological impact assessment of the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone as an example,how to carry out the study on the regional ecological positioning and how to apply the results of the study on the regional ecological positioning in regional ecological impact assessment are explained and illustrated.

Land development suitability analysis for transport planning evaluation and optimization in mountainous ecological region

Transportation planning is a critical component for creating an orderly,intensive,and sustainable pattern of land development.By comprehensively considering the potential and suitability of transport construction,a comprehensive method combining resources and environmental carrying capacity(RECC)and land development suitability(LDS)was developed by using techniques of GIS,analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and threedimensional magic cube.Taking Aba prefecture in Sichuan Province of Southwest China as a case study,LDS for transportation was analyzed from three aspects,including overall planning layout,different transport modes,and transportation projects.The results showed that the transport planning scales of most counties in Aba were suitable,and the order of LDS of different transport modes was railway>highway=superhighway>tourism track,which already included 42 new transportation projects.We found that two counties(Maoxian County and Jiuzhaigou County)should improve the ecological protection level of transportation,in which the railway network construction should be encouraged,and some transportation projects with low LDS should be postponed or constructed harmlessly.We suggest the combination of RECC and LDS for transportation could enhance the territorial space optimization and sustainable transport construction.

Ecological and Environmental Protection Requirements in China s Regional Coordinated Development Strategy in the New Era

Starting from the historical evolution of China s regional coordinated development policy and practice,three stages of"enlightenment stage","development stage"and"maturity stage",as well as the connotation,characteristics and content of implementing regional coordinated development strategy were analyzed.On this basis,from different aspects of industrial distribution,pollutant characteristics and regional environmental protection policy,the existing ecological and environmental protection problems in China s regional coordinated development in the new era were analyzed,and some suggestions for the next step were put forward.It is necessary to follow the"four ones"concept from the overall point of view,implement"three lines and one list"from the perspective of the width of the access red line,strengthen"joint prevention and control"from the perspective of the depth of regional regulation,deepen the"planning environmental impact assessment"from the perspective of the breadth of industrial distribution,and promote the"green-way model"from the perspective of ecological low carbon.

Research on Ecological Space Planning Oriented Urban River Landscape Planning

Based on the generalized landscape perspective, regional connotation of urban river landscape is expanded. The area connotation of urban river landscape is expanded based on the generalized landscape perspective. In addition to natural and functional attributes, river landscape should be regarded as a regional space element based on heterogeneous space scale. First, as for research method system, the space research models(including ecological footprint, space planning, and landscape pattern index, etc.) coupled with different angle scales and interdisciplinary theory, are utilized to study different correlations and results formed by urban river landscape elements and other regional space elements from the perspective of the regional ecological space, and the overall development goal of the urban river landscape pattern based on the goals of the regional ecological space planning is obtained. Second, the oriented urban river landscape planning and the "M" type close-tonature design strategy are evaluated through the city function zoning orientation and micro-scale urban river landscape pattern index. The research realizes the compatibility of overall goals in terms of the regional ecology, the development of urban functional areas, and the river landscape planning, without losing micro difference and maneuverability based on the urban river landscape planning and design oriented strategy, which innovates the new approach of urban river landscape planning and design with sustainable and balanced development of regional resources, multi-scale, and multiple objectives.

On the role of tourism resources planning and management personnel training for the economic development of the region

The essence of tourism resources planning is both rational thinking and the creation of artistic inspiration, and it is the outline of the future development blueprint that the science, forward-looking, operability, innovation are combined with together; Because tourism is complex system involving the social, economic, cultural, environment and other various aspects, and the training of tourism resources planning and management professionals has be of great importance of promoting tourism and sustainable tourism development. This article makes tourism resource planning and management personnel training pointedly and analyzes the role of tourism resources planning and management personnel training for the economic development of the region.

Ecological Land Suitability for Arid Region at River Basin Scale:Framework and Application Based on Minmum Cumulative Resistance(MCR) Model

As an important and typical arid inland region in China,Shiyang River Basin plays an important role in maintaining the sustainable development of eco-environment,whose ecological land suitability restricts the development of the local human activities.Therefore,Shiyang River Basin was selected as the case study,the minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model and GIS technique were integrated to create land suitability evaluation map.We calculated the MCR value of ecological source and living source,and divided the whole basin into five partitions according to the difference between ecological source and living source,and analyzed the patterns and characteristics of the ecological land suitability evaluation(ELSE)regions,respectively.The results showed that:1)The suitable ecological land includes prohibited development region and restricted development region,which accounts for 15.45%and 23.35%of the total land area of the Shiyang River Basin,respectively.These two regions mainly distributed high altitude region in the southern Qilian Mountain and low altitude region where had high density of rivers.2)The protection of ecological land requires not only conserving existing ecological land but also focusing on ecological buffer belts around ecological sources and improving ecological land service ability.3)Ecological networks should be constructed through artificial planting trees around the boundary of oasis and ecological restoration region.Buffer greenbelts should also be established between optimized development region and ecological restoration region.

Urbanization, environmental consequences and management in China

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Moscow and Moscow Region： Ecological Focus for Sustainable Development

This paper presents some results of sustainable urban-planning development in Moscow Capital Region. Moscow City and Moscow Region （Moscow Oblast） are the parts of the Moscow Capital Region. According to the Constitution of Russia, adopted in December 1993, Moscow Region and Moscow City are two independent federal subjects of Russian Federation. The sustainable development of Moscow City and Moscow Region as an integrated regional economic and natural complex which plays the most important part in Russia＇s economy must be based on the integrated solution to the problems of environmental protection, social equity, and economic feasibility. The latest initiative of Russian Government concerns the creation of the Greater Moscow within the new borders of Moscow. Making the decision on the extension of the city limits and stimulation of the Moscow Agglomeration development provides the real way of resolution of the accumulated problems and provides enormous impetus to the sustainable development. The key task of the environmentally sound development of the Greater Moscow is to relieve the historical center of Moscow City; maintain the rational balance of built-up areas, natural and rural landscapes; ensure joint control of the urban development and economic activity; and create the favorable environment for the population.

自然资源监管视域下的国土空间规划管理探析:基于空间开发权配置的探讨

基于两级空间开发权理论,分析面向统一国土空间用途管制的自然资源监管流程,探讨国土空间规划管理在自然资源监管中发挥的具体作用,并从空间开发权视角出发,辨析国土空间规划管理背后隐含的两级空间开发权“批发—零售”基本逻辑。在此基础上,提出完善自然资源监管视域下国土空间规划管理的建议,即强化“区域—要素”统筹,发挥主体功能区战略和制度作用,在规划实施中完善各级“区域”的一级空间开发权 “批发”配置机制;进一步探索完善分级分类的空间开发权交易制度,促进规划安排的自然资源开发保护责任落实和国土空间格局优化。

基于MCR模型的长白山区域生态安全格局构建研究

生态安全格局是我国国土空间规划的重要组成部分,构建生态安全格局对寒地生态脆弱区的可持续发展与城镇建设具有重要意义。目前,关于长白山脉地区的生态保护与开发建设研究尚处于起步阶段,区域缺乏科学的规划发展引导。为此,以区域生态学为视角,结合ArcGIS空间分析对吉林省长白山脉地区生态安全格局进行研究,利用MCR模型构建区域生态安全格局并提出相应规划策略:1)规划编制方面,结合吉林省“一主六双”高质量发展战略,从不同层面为长白山周边地区城乡建设提供发展范式;2)空间优化层面,构建“一带两轴四区多廊道”生态安全格局,并提出分区规划策略和相关建议。

典型生态脆弱区生态空间规划与治理研究——以云南省迪庆藏族自治州为例

生态脆弱区是生态环境易遭受破坏的主要区域,承担着水源涵养、物种多样性保护和生态碳汇等重要职责,已成为生态空间规划与治理的重点关注区域。云南省迪庆藏族自治州处于西南山地农牧交错脆弱区,是我国修复青藏高原南缘滇西北高山峡谷生态屏障的关键治理区域。基于生态脆弱区异质性、不稳定性与时空波动性特征,剖析迪庆藏族自治州生态空间治理面临的重难点与挑战,系统划定“深绿空间”、精细化划分“浅绿空间”,构建全域全要素生态空间治理体系,提出系统实施生态修复、多维度探索生态价值转化增值、提升生态文化韧性的生态空间治理路径,引领典型性生态脆弱区规划治理与绿色转型发展。

新型研究型大学的创生逻辑与战略路径——区域创新生态系统理论视角

新型研究型大学的创生与发展具有自身逻辑范式与特质。本研究基于区域创新生态系统理论视角,对南方科技大学、中国香港科技大学两所典型的新型研究型大学进行案例分析。研究发现,新型研究型大学是区域创新生态系统演化的产物,是在创新生态环境变化、辅助性创新主体成形、区域高阶发展矛盾产生等条件的相互作用下形成的支柱性创新主体,并在与前者的自组织互动中,通过“隐形冠军”式定位、“专门化”经费与法律保障、“雁阵模式”国际化团队建设以及“高灵敏度”机制设计等实现跨越式发展。基于此,未来新型研究型大学应坚守自身“新”特征,摆脱“旧”式路径依赖,走向多主体共生协同发展新局面。

The Woodlands,麦克哈格的自然世界

The Woodlands,是Ian McHarg最有影响力的项目之一,是美国历史上第一座以生态学理论为主导的新城规划。以采用生态水文设计、原生植物保护、建立野生动物廊道等生态学方法而闻名。该城的建设在维持城市自然景观格局、保护生物栖息地及预防雨洪等方面堪称典范,对我国城市雨洪管理和风景园林设计具有借鉴价值。

流域水资源和生态环境综合治理启示--千岛湖及新安江流域案例

流域生态综合治理对推动流域生态文明建设具有重要意义。文章基于浙江千岛湖及新安江流域水资源与生态环境保护项目,对其在流域水环境综合治理中获得的成果及经验进行总结,并对后续流域生态综合治理提出建议。研究表明,项目采用SWAT模型进行污染特征识别,明确了主要污染形式及来源,给出了针对性生态修复意见,提高了综合治理效率。进而以小流域治理为单元,通过农业面源污染控制、森林生态系统修复、水资源管理等工作修复了流域生态系统。同时,基于《新安江流域水环境补偿协议》及千岛湖水基金,构建了多元化的流域生态补偿机制,为全国生态补偿体系贡献了浙江经验。

“双碳”战略背景下环境规划与管理课程教学改革与实践

环境科学与工程专业培养学生解决复杂生态环境问题的能力是当前教学改革的首要任务。环境规划与管理课程教学改革中,坚持以学生为中心、以成果产出为导向,通过修订课程教学大纲、重构教学内容、优化教学资源、实施过程性评价等措施,持续改进教学质量。

“识别—构建—管控”规划路径下生态系统服务供需应用研究进展

【目的】在生态文明建设的时代背景下,城市对生态系统服务(ecosystem services, ESs)的需求与日俱增,ESs供需有待平衡。因此,判定并优化ESs供需关系对于实现生态保护与人类福祉提升的协调具有重要意义。【方法】首先,利用CiteSpace对2000—2022年国内外ESs供需文献展开关键词和聚类演变分析;其次,梳理ESs供需机理研究进展,并针对绿色基础设施、生态网络和生态安全格局3种模式,以“识别—构建—管控”为规划路径,对ESs供需基础研究的应用领域进行综述。【结果】1)ESs供需基础研究成果能够针对性解决生态规划面临的缺乏生态与经济社会系统的互动考量、生态保护与开发目标模糊的问题。2)ESs供需量化通过指标体系评估、复合指数构建、空间叠图分析3种途径进行要素识别;ESs供需关系判定在绿色基础设施源斑块提取、生态网络连通性提升、生态安全等级判定方面发挥关键作用。3) ESs供需优化与国土空间规划体系的多层级衔接体现在:宏、中观层面重在划定管控边界线、管控分区;微观层面通过协调ESs供需开展详细设计,并针对特定生态要素承载的ESs功能进行专项规划,强化空间管制。【结论】在综合分析ESs供需机理及其应用领域的基础上,提出ESs供需应用研究的3个发展方向:1)现有ESs供需水平测算有待集成多学科技术方法,2)生态规划模式从考量静态供需关系向体现动态ESs供需流转变,3)由单一政策的工具到系统化的政策工具体系构建。该研究成果将为完善生态规划理论与实践体系、加快ESs供需基础研究的应用转化提供重要支撑。

西北地区森林管护面临的困境及对策

介绍了西北地区森林资源现状,阐述了森林资源在西北地区的作用,包括改善生态环境和增加社会效益,分析了森林资源管护中面临的人才、投资力度、管护制度和管护意识等方面的困境,从人才专业队伍建设,资金投入,管护制度,宣传与防护技术等方面,提出了加强森林资源管护措施。

基于生态系统方法的海洋空间规划实践与启示

基于生态系统方法的海洋空间规划是专注于特定的生态系统及其影响活动的范围,以对整个空间的所有用海活动进行可持续发展的管理规划。目前我国规划体系尚处在不成熟阶段,而国外发达国家的规划先进经验可为我国基于生态系统方法的海洋空间规划带来启示性建议。文章选取了英国、比利时、澳大利亚、美国4个国家,运用文献资料法对其基于生态系统方法的海洋空间规划模式和实践进行总结后,运用对比分析法从规划目标、体系及分区分类模式、用途管制策略3个方面对各国进行对比以及差异性分析,并总结我国海洋空间规划存在的相关问题,基于以上研究提出对我国海洋空间规划的相关启示性建议。结果表明:为进行基于生态系统的管理以实现多目标的可持续发展,我国应在规划中对规划数据及信息来源进行全面完善;加速推进陆海统筹发展、着重进行海岸带的规划;提高对监测和评估体系的重视、建立弹性指标;注重跨边界的统筹规划、进行综合的管理,以满足新形势下我国海域发展管理的需求,保障我国的生态系统安全。

面向生态环境非点源污染控制区域景观规划研究

景观规划是对区域内生态环境保护的重要途径,部分地区的景观不能有效阻止非点源污染进入土壤,为此,提出面向生态环境非点源污染控制的区域景观规划。以西安市为研究区域,明确景观规划思路,并分析非点源污染的“源-过程-汇”过程。针对生态环境非点源污染过程,采取系列化控制措施。明确各类景观对非点源污染的控制效果,以此构建景观规划目标函数及约束条件,从而得到初始化景观布局。在此基础上,引入粒子群算法实现西安市景观规划。实验结果表明,规划后的区域景观具有较好的非点源污染控制效果以及较高的生态环境服务价值。

区域生态修复的空间规划探讨

对区域生态修复的空间规划进行研究,依托丽江观光火车建设项目,阐述了丽江珍珠湖片区的现状,对其实际的生态情况进行了研究。采用普通检测和无人机检测两种检测方法,对某大坝的实际情况进行调查,得出其种植品种单一,各种人文因素导致水土流失的结论。最终通过制订合理的区域生态修复的空间规划方案来保证该地区生态环境良好恢复。