Coupling coordinated development among digital economy,regional innovation,and talent employment:A case study in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle,China

Coordinative development across various systems,particularly the economic,social,cultural,and human resources subsystems,is a key aspect of urban sustainability and has a direct impact on the quality of urbanization.The Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle,comprising Hangzhou City,Huzhou City,Jiaxing City,and Shaoxing City,was the first metropolitan circle approved by the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC)as a demonstration of economic transformation in China.To evaluate the coupling coordination degree of the four cities and analyze the coordinative development in three systems(including digital economy,regional innovation,and talent employment),we collected panel data during 2015–2022 from these four cities.The development level of the three systems was evaluated by the standard deviation method and comprehensive development index.The results are as follows:(1)the level of coupling coordinated development of the three systems in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle was relatively low;(2)the coupling coordination degree of the four cities in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle showed significant regional differences,among which Hangzhou City was in the leading position,and Huzhou,Jiaxing,and Shaoxing cities made steady but slow progress in the coupling development of the three systems;and(3)the development of digital economy and talent employment needs to be strengthened.This study contributes to the coordinative development of Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle by innovatively focusing on the coupling coordination relationship among digital economy,regional innovation,and talent employment,which also meets the industrial layout of Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle.In this way,the optimal allocation and sustainable development of digital economy,regional innovation,and talent employment in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle can be achieved.

Optimal Operation Strategy of Electricity-Hydrogen Regional Energy System under Carbon-Electricity Market Trading

Given the“double carbon”objective and the drive toward low-carbon power,investigating the integration and interaction within the carbon-electricity market can enhance renewable energy utilization and facilitate energy conservation and emission reduction endeavors.However,further research is necessary to explore operational optimization methods for establishing a regional energy system using Power-to-Hydrogen(P2H)technology,focusing on participating in combined carbon-electricity market transactions.This study introduces an innovative Electro-Hydrogen Regional Energy System(EHRES)in this context.This system integrates renewable energy sources,a P2H system,cogeneration units,and energy storage devices.The core purpose of this integration is to optimize renewable energy utilization and minimize carbon emissions.This study aims to formulate an optimal operational strategy for EHRES,enabling its dynamic engagement in carbon-electricity market transactions.The initial phase entails establishing the technological framework of the electricity-hydrogen coupling system integrated with P2H.Subsequently,an analysis is conducted to examine the operational mode of EHRES as it participates in carbon-electricity market transactions.Additionally,the system scheduling model includes a stepped carbon trading price mechanism,considering the combined heat and power generation characteristics of the Hydrogen Fuel Cell(HFC).This facilitates the establishment of an optimal operational model for EHRES,aiming to minimize the overall operating cost.The simulation example illustrates that the coordinated operation of EHRES in carbon-electricity market transactions holds the potential to improve renewable energy utilization and reduce the overall system cost.This result carries significant implications for attaining advantages in both low-carbon and economic aspects.

Dynamic Analysis of Supply and Demand Coupling of Ecosystem Services in Loess Hilly Region:A Case Study of Lanzhou,China

The relationship between the supply and demand for ecosystem services(ESs)is a key issue for the rational allocation of natural resources and optimisation of sustainable development capacity.This paper investigateed the dynamic evolution features of supply and demand of four ESs in Lanzhou of China,namely,water supply,food supply,carbon fixation and soil retention services.The crosssectional data of 2005 and 2017 were used for calculating ESs value and its supply and demand through ArcGIS software,InVEST model,elastic coefficient model and coupling coordination model.Results showed that:1)from 2005 to 2017,the supply of water supply services increased,the demand of soil retention services decreased,and the supply and demand of food supply and carbon fixation services increased.The high-value areas of service supply were mainly distributed in the rocky mountain areas in the southeast and northwest with high vegetation coverage,while the high-value areas of demand were mainly distributed in the urban areas and surrounding areas with high population density.2)There were five different types of coupling relations.Water supply service was dominated by a negative coupling type D,which means that the decrease in demand for ESs has had a positive response on the supply of ESs.Negative coupling type C was the main type of food supply and carbon fixation services,which means that the increase in demand for ESs has had a negative response on the supply of ESs.All three services were supplemented by a positive coupling type A,which means that the increase in demand for ESs has had a positive response on the supply of ESs.Soil retention service generally exhibits a positive coupling type B,which means that the decrease in demand for ESs has had a negative response on the supply of ESs.3)Over the past 12 yr,the coordination degree of supply and demand of water supply,food supply and soil retention services decreased,and the coordination degree of carbon fixation service increased.Various types of ES had a low degree of coupling and coordination,showing different characteristics of temporal and spatial evolution.The areas with imbalanced ESs supply and demand were mainly distributed in urban areas dominated by construction land.The research results are valuable to the optimisation of urban and rural ecological environments and the sustainable development of territory space under the framework of ecological civilisation,including similar ecologically vulnerable areas in other developing countries.

Inter-provincial pattern of the coupled and coordinated relationship between touristization and urbanization

The coordinated development between touristization and urbanization is the key to optimizing regional industrial structure and building a long-term dynamic mechanism for urbanization. Based on constructing the measurement index system of touristization and urbanization level, the evaluation model on the coupled and coordinated degree is used in this paper to measure the inter-provincial pattern of the coupled and coordinated relationship between touristization and urbanization in 31 provinces and autonomous regions in China. The results show that the coupled and coordinated relationship between touristization and urbanization is significantly different in different regions, which presents a gradient decline pattern of the highest in the east, the lower in the middle and the lowest in the west. In the future, measures should be taken to promote the coordinated development between touristization and urbanization in accordance with the regional differences and actual development needs.

Evaluation and Driving Force Analysis of Cultivated Land Quality in Black Soil Region of Northeast China

Cultivated land is an important natural resource to ensure food,ecological and economic security.The cultivated land quality evaluation(CQE)is greatly significant for protecting and managing cultivated land.In this study,320 counties in the black soil region of Northeast China(BSRNC)represent the research units used to construct the CQE system measuring the soil properties(SP),cultivated land productivity(CLP),ecological environment(EE)and social economy(SE).The total of 19 factors were selected to calculate the integrated fertility index(IFI)and divided into grades.Simultaneously,we used the coupling coordination degree model to comprehensively analyze the spatial pattern of the cultivated land quality(CLQ)in the BSRNC,and use the structural equation model(SEM)to analyze the driving mechanism.The results show the following:1)The CLQ of 262 counties in the BSRNC is in a state of coupling and coordination,and the coupling and coordination degree presents a spatial distribution pattern of‘high in the southwest and northeast,low in the northwest and southeast’.The coordinated development degree of 271 counties is between 0.4 and 0.6,which is in a transitional state between coordination and disorder.2)The CLQ in the BSRNC is generally good,with an average grade of 3.High-quality cultivated land accounts for 58.45%of all counties,middle-and upper-quality cultivated land accounts for 27.05%,and poor-quality cultivated land accounts for 14.49%.3)The SEM analysis shows that the SP,CLP,EE,and SE all influence the CLQ.Among them,the SP has the largest driving force on the CLQ,while the SE has the smallest driving force on it.The results confirm that the main factors affecting the evaluation results are crop productivity level,normalized difference vegetation index,ratio vegetation index,difference vegetation index,and organic carbon content.When implementing protection measures in counties with a low CLQ,considering a balanced coordination of multiple systems and reasonably controlling the quality degradation are important.This study provides the current situation and driving factors of the CLQ in the BSRNC and will play an important role in black soil governance and utilization.

数字经济与绿色创新耦合协调度研究——以长三角地区城市为例

数字经济与绿色创新协调发展有助于推动经济可持续发展。文章以2011—2021年长三角地区41个城市为研究对象,运用时空统计方法,分析数字经济与绿色创新耦合协调度的分布动态演进特征、区域差异以及障碍因子。结果表明:长三角地区数字经济与绿色创新耦合协调度呈现逐年上升态势,空间上呈现“上海市>浙江省>江苏省>安徽省”的分布格局;长三角地区耦合协调度相对稳定,等级转移均发生在相邻类型之间,空间背景对耦合协调度具有较大影响;长三角地区耦合协调度的总体差异呈现下降趋势,其主要来源为区域间差异;不同地区的障碍因子存在较大差异。据此,在推进区域协调发展、制定差异化发展路径等方面提出建议,为推动长三角地区数字经济与绿色创新协调共进提供决策参考。

农村数字经济与农业绿色发展的耦合协调研究

基于2014—2020年中国省级样本数据测算农村数字经济和农业绿色发展水平,采用修正的耦合协调模型、Dagum基尼系数及QAP模型实证分析农村数字经济与农业绿色发展的耦合发展水平差异及其原因。结果表明:尽管农村数字经济和农业绿色发展均处于发展推进期,但目前两者并未达到最优耦合状态;农村数字经济与农业绿色发展耦合水平差异经历“缩小-平稳-增大”的过程,缩小地区间差异和地区内差异都是解决耦合不平衡的关键;政府调控水平、运输邮电水平以及外贸开放水平差异是造成各省耦合水平差异的主要原因,而科技水平的差异化有利于缩小各省耦合度的差异。据此,建议由地方政府牵头将现代信息技术深度融入农业农村发展,打造高效高质寄递运输网络,健全农产品国内统一大市场体系,并坚持创新驱动发展。

我国高等职业教育与区域经济耦合协调的机理、评价与启示

高等职业教育与区域经济通过宏观产教融合、中观校企合作和微观工学结合的嵌套,形成三位一体的耦合。基于2011—2021年的省际面板数据,运用耦合协调度模型、Dagum基尼系数、空间关联分析与空间杜宾模型探究高等职业教育与区域经济耦合协调度的时空分异、空间集聚与影响因素。研究发现:全国与省际的耦合协调度呈上升趋势,耦合协调度较高的省份呈现出东部沿海地区向内陆收缩的“漏斗形”分布格局;耦合协调度的整体表征为全局空间正相关,局部主要为高-高集聚,集聚区的演变反映出省际协调与博弈;政府支持程度对本地的影响为正,对邻地的影响为负,政府干预力度对本地和邻地的影响为负,市场化水平对本地和邻地的影响为正。为进一步推动高等职业教育与区域经济的耦合协调发展,应当把握好系统逻辑、空间逻辑与主体逻辑,持续深化两系统的协同发展。

石家庄市县域科技创新与经济发展耦合协调关系时空演变

选取石家庄市13个县域单元作为研究区域,构建科技创新能力和经济发展水平评价指标体系,计算评价指数,测算两者的耦合协调度,使用ArcGIS绘制空间分布图,深入剖析科技创新能力、经济发展水平以及两者耦合协调关系的时空演变特征。研究发现:全市县域科技创新能力和经济发展水平呈现较强的正相关性,且都在2010—2017年间提升速度较快,而在2019年之后提升速度呈减慢的趋势。2010—2021年经济发展水平指数均高于科技创新能力指数,但后者提升速度高于前者,表明石家庄市各县域科技创新能力滞后于经济发展水平,但科技创新能力的发展势头较好。2010年以来,全市县域耦合协调度呈现上升趋势,但耦合协调度与科技创新能力和经济发展水平的变化趋势相似,即2018年之前的提升速度要快于2018年之后。2021年,全市县域耦合协调度等级为“勉强协调发展”,协调发展水平较低,有待进一步提升。

中国省域环境规制与科技创新耦合协调发展研究

环境规制与科技创新耦合协调发展能为实现经济增长与生态文明提供强有力的支撑。该文构建环境规制与科技创新水平评价指标体系,利用耦合协调度模型测算2009—2020年中国30个省域环境规制与科技创新的耦合协调度,并对耦合协调度的时空分布格局进行分析。结果表明:研究期内中国30个省域环境规制与科技创新的耦合协调度整体偏低,尚未达到良性耦合协调发展状态,但呈现上升趋势,增幅呈现“西高东低”特征;各地区耦合协调度发展不均衡,整体呈现“东高西低、南高北低”的空间分布格局,高水平耦合协调区域逐渐从东部沿海向内陆扩张;依据协调等级和特征将各省域划分为创新主动型、技术进步型、环境约束型、传统被动型和创新滞后型,并提出环境规制应结合地区创新能力实施差异化的区域政策等建议。

绿色金融发展与经济绿色转型:系统耦合及动态演进

要实现“碳达峰”与“碳中和”双目标必须加快经济绿色转型,绿色金融发展是经济绿色转型的重要工具,经济绿色转型为绿色金融发展提供更多的应用空间,两者相互影响。在绿色金融发展与经济绿色转型的理论内涵与耦合机理分析基础上,构建绿色金融发展与经济绿色转型的综合评价指标体系,并基于2011—2020年的省级面板数据,采用熵值赋权法和系统耦合协调度模型测度二者的系统耦合度和协调度,然后进一步采用Dagum基尼系数测算了系统耦合协调度的区域差异及其来源,采用Kernel核密度估计和马尔科夫链分析方法探究系统耦合协调度的动态演进趋势。研究结果表明,虽然样本期内我国绿色金融发展与经济绿色转型的整体水平依然偏低,但二者均呈上升趋势,而且二者相互促进、同步发展的趋势愈发明显。绿色金融发展与经济绿色转型的系统耦合协调度表现出明显的区域差异性,东部地区的系统耦合协调度水平最高,中部次之,西部最低,地区内差异和地区间差异是系统耦合协调度区域差异的主要来源,东部和西部的地区内差异逐渐扩大。各省绿色金融发展与经济绿色转型的系统耦合协调度虽然存在状态转移的可能性,但保持原状态概率较大。

数字经济与旅游经济的耦合协调发展研究——来自长三角地区41市的证据

以长三角地区41市为研究对象,基于2011-2020年的市级面板数据,以熵值法计算相应地市的数字经济与旅游经济发展水平,通过耦合协调度模型研究二者耦合协调发展的时空分异特征,并利用障碍度模型探讨耦合系统协调发展的主要影响因素。结果表明:(1)长三角地区各地市两系统发展及综合评价指数除个别年份下降外,总体呈上升趋势;(2)研究期间,长三角地区数字经济与旅游经济的耦合协调度总体向好发展;(3)2011年、2014年、2017年和2020年截面数据表明,长三角地区各地市耦合协调度经历了失调衰退阶段-过渡阶段-协调提升阶段;(4)主要障碍因子为每百人国际互联网用户数、每百人移动电话用户数、国际旅游收入和国内旅游收入。最后,基于研究结论对如何进一步促进数字经济与旅游经济的协同发展提出建议。

基于最优经济运行区域的主动配电网日前日内协同调度方法

传统的日前-日内协同调度通常以与日前时序计划曲线偏差最小作为日内目标函数,当日内新能源出力预测值与日前相差较大时,储能装置(energy storage systems,ESS)等由于其时间耦合约束日内调整范围有限,导致经济性和灵活性较差。对此,提出了基于最优经济运行区域(optimal economic operation region,OEOR)的主动配电网(active distribution networks,ADN)日前-日内协同调度方法。在日前阶段,构建线性化ADN调度模型,基于拉丁超立方采样法生成的大量随机场景下调控设备优化曲线,以全时间段内设备出力上下界内所包含的随机场景优化结果数量最大为目标,考虑储能装置荷电状态的相邻时段约束和微型燃气轮机的爬/滑坡率,构建OEOR生成模型。最后,在日内阶段,调控设备在OEOR内滚动优化调整,当该时段优化值贴近OEOR边界时,考虑相邻时段出力约束,将OEOR扩展为最优经济极限运行区域(E-OEOR)。算例结果表明,所提方法相比于传统方法能够更有效地提升配电网经济性。

西北中等职业教育与乡村振兴协调发展:时空特征及其驱动因子

实现中等职业教育与乡村振兴的协调发展是激发乡村内生性力量的关键举措。基于西北地区五省(自治区)2011-2021年的面板数据,构建中等职业教育与乡村振兴综合评价指标体系,综合运用熵值法、综合评价模型、耦合协调模型、趋势分析法以及地理探测器,对两系统协调演进关系定量测定。研究结果发现:西北地区中等职业教育与乡村振兴综合发展水平大致呈现递增趋势且具有“西低东高,南高北低”空间布局特征;耦合协调度逐年提升,协调互促作用愈加显著,且受到经济发展水平、对外开放程度等多因子的综合影响。基于此提出促进西北地区中等职业教育与乡村振兴区域间协调发展建议:改革教育模式,实现供需匹配;促进创新氛围,吸引人才回流;充分发挥区位优势,挖掘乡村价值。

沈阳市城市轨道交通运营与区域经济发展耦合效应研究

以线路里程、车站数、客运量、客运周转量、客运强度、配属车辆数、网络高峰小时最小发车间隔为城市轨道交通运营指标,以地区生产总值(GDP)、社会消费品零售总额、常住人口、人均消费支出、旅游收入为区域经济指标,运用耦合协调度模型对沈阳市2015年至2022年轨道交通运营与区域经济发展耦合效应分析,根据计算结果提出城市轨道交通运营支撑区域经济发展的策略。

我国高等教育、人力资本、科技创新与区域经济耦合协调的时序演变及空间集聚性分析

高等教育、人力资本、科技创新与区域经济耦合协调既是实现中国式现代化的战略支撑,也是加快释放人才质量红利、推动我国经济转向人才创新驱动的动力保障。通过实证分析对2010—2020年31个省份四系统发展水平及耦合协调度进行评价。研究发现:全国与各省份高等教育、科技、人力与经济等四系统发展水平整体上升,其中,经济增幅最大,人力资本增幅最小,高等教育受扩招影响提升缓慢,科技创新整体上涨但波动剧烈。在观测期内,全国四系统耦合呈东部最高、中部次之、西部最低的发展态势,并呈东部高-高集聚与西部低-低集聚的空间分异特征。北京、上海、广东、江苏与浙江耦合等级和等级提升均高居全国前列,马太效应突出。截至2020年,中西部各省份均处于“勉强协调及以下”水平,其中,17个省份四系统耦合濒临失调或轻度失调。应坚持系统观念,创新协同发展机制;加快高等教育结构优化调整,推进区域高等教育差异化发展;加大人力资本投入,激活中西部人口质量红利。

山区铁路桥梁与区域环境耦合协调测度及优化调控

山区铁路沿线地形复杂,桥梁占比高。为科学评估及优化山区铁路桥梁与区域环境协调状况,促进山区铁路桥梁与区域环境高质量协调发展,提出了一种山区铁路桥梁与区域环境耦合协调优化调控模型。在分析山区铁路桥梁与区域环境耦合作用的基础上,从设计视角构建山区铁路桥梁绿色设计要素及特征指标体系,并运用CRITIC法提取绿色设计关键要素;结合时间累积效应,以绿色设计关键要素为着手点,通过分析山区铁路桥梁可持续能力和环境承载水平,构建了山区铁路“桥梁-环境”复合系统耦合协调模型,对山区铁路桥梁与区域环境耦合协调程度进行测度,并以耦合协调指数最大化为目标函数建立反映“桥梁-环境”复合系统动态反馈机制的优化调控模型,运用粒子群优化算法求解,并提出了使山区铁路桥梁与区域环境向高质量协调发展的管控方案。优化结果表明,在保证“桥梁可持续能力≤环境承载水平”且获得偏离度最小的前提下,绿色设计关键要素优化比例分布于2%~40%,“桥梁-环境”耦合协调指数达到最大值622.4。该研究提高了桥梁与区域环境的协调发展水平,可为山区铁路桥梁与区域环境耦合协调状况评估及桥梁绿色设计提供新思路。

区域技术创新与数字贸易耦合协同发展研究

基于2013—2021年中国31个省(区、市)面板数据,运用熵值法和耦合协调度模型测算中国31个省(区、市)区域技术创新和数字贸易发展评价指标体系及二者的时空耦合协调特征。研究发现:a) 2013—2021年中国31个省(区、市)区域技术创新水平和数字贸易发展均呈上升趋势,但东部、西部、中部、东北部地区仍呈现出不同程度的差距。b)区域技术创新与数字贸易耦合协调度持续增强,耦合协调度等级都有不同程度的提升,但耦合协调度差异较大,整体呈“东南强,西北弱”的空间分布格局。c)区域技术创新与数字贸易耦合协调局部空间效应较为显著,从东南至西北地区呈现明显的梯度分异,“高—高”集聚、“高—低”集聚以及“低—高”集聚主要分布于长江上中游经济区与东南沿海经济区,“低—低”集聚分布于青藏高原和西北边疆地区。针对耦合协调现状,提出制定因地制宜的区域协调发展政策、加强区域协同、提高发达地区的辐射效应、培育“极化区域”等政策建议。

数实融合与经济高质量发展耦合协调的时空演进及差异分析

数实融合是中国共产党二十大报告的明确要求,对助推经济高质量发展具有重要作用。从基础融合、创新融合、应用融合、效益融合和生态融合5个维度构建中国数实融合发展评价指标体系,基于2010-2021年中国30个省区市的面板数据,对数实融合、经济高质量发展及二者的耦合协调水平进行测算,并运用核密度估计和Dagum基尼系数法对其时空演进与区域差异进行了研究。结果表明:各省耦合协调水平总体不断提升;在研究期内,耦合协调度较低的地区上升幅度较大,呈现追赶趋势,但增长速率逐步放缓。全国范围内,耦合协调水平呈先集聚后分散的趋势,虽差距逐步缩小,但已经出现多级分化特征;不同区域的耦合协调水平演进呈现不同趋势。数实融合与经济高质量发展的耦合协调区域差异有所缓解,主要差异来源于区域间差距。东部地区省份之间的耦合协调水平差距最大,与其他地区之间的耦合协调发展水平差距也最为显著。

珠三角地区近20年城镇化与景观生态安全耦合协调分析

针对城镇化进程加快导致的珠三角地区生态景观胁迫程度日趋严峻,亟需加强区域生态保护的现状,构建新型城镇化与景观生态安全的耦合协调模型,定量测度2000—2020年珠三角地区城镇空间扩展与景观生态安全耦合协调时空格局以及发展状态,运用多元回归分析和灰色预测模型揭示其驱动机理,并预测2040年城镇空间扩展和景观生态安全耦合的发展趋势。结果表明:珠三角地区9市城镇化与景观生态安全的耦合协调度在20年间呈现缓慢波动上升的趋势,耦合协调度由2000年的0.305~0.436升至2020年的0.385~0.545,现处于拮抗耦合阶段,未来20年将继续向着协调同步、有序发展的方向前进。珠三角地区经济发展不平衡,城镇开发建设和生态环境保护难以同步发展,景观生态状况不乐观,生态环境滞后型的地市逐渐增多,尚未全面形成良好的协调发展状态。对外开放程度、经济发展水平、科技投入水平等因素对耦合协调度的影响较为显著(P<0.05),今后对于区域可持续发展需要加强耦合协调的机理研究,持续关注城镇空间拓展与景观生态安全的协调发展趋势及特征。