Dynamic Evaluation on Regional Tourism Competitiveness:Urban Agglomeration of Shandong Peninsula,Eastern China

The article establishes the appraisal index system for entire urban agglomeration and its interior cities individually,concretely including five aspects:driving forces for tourism development,the level of tourism development,tourism impacts,tourism economic connection and tourism contributions of different cities to the whole urban agglomeration.As tourism competitiveness has the characteristics of comprehensiveness,systematicness and dynamicness,the article attempts to apply the structural prediction means of system dynamics to evaluating tourism competitiveness,aiming to provide some research methods and analysis ideas for tourism competitiveness measurement and trends analysis in urban agglomeration.Taking Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration as the study area,the article simulates and analyzes the tourism competitiveness trend of the whole region and its interior cities from 2005 to 2020,and the result reflects that integrated development and regional combination of tourism are important means to upgrade tourism competitiveness in this region.

Transformation from Comparative Advantage to Competitive Advantage——A Way to Improve Regional Agricultural Competitiveness

Primarily this paper analyses the internal correlation between comparative advantage and competitive advantage,and holds that there are no conflict and contradiction between the two,the industries with comparative advantage often easily to have strong competitive advantage.Then this paper analyses the factors influencing regional agricultural competitiveness,including resources endowment,ecological environment,quality of labour forces,infrastructure,technology innovation and transformation capacity,industrialization degree,relevant support industries,market demand structure,government management and policy and so on.Finally,based on the analysis of conversion mechanism of regional agriculture from comparative advantage to competitive advantage,this paper puts forward the countermeasures for promoting regional agricultural competitiveness as follows:vigorously develop agricultural industrialization,and foster the leading enterprises;improve the national policy system for supporting agriculture,and increase the inputs into infrastructure and scientific research innovation;promote the development of related industries and support industries,and promote agricultural competitiveness;increase consumers' demand for the quality of agricultural products,and propel business investment and innovation.

Research on the Impact of Industry Transfer to Regional Competitiveness

In this paper the effects of industry transfer are discussed. Through analysis it can be found industry transfer will have important influence on the national competitiveness, regional competitiveness and enterprise competitiveness. It is found that industry transfer is an effective way to rejuvenate the old industrial base in the Northeast Region of China.

Research for Competitiveness Enhancement Problem of Regional Industry Based on Brand Internalization Theory

Along with the quick development of social economy, market competition has already entered into a new stage, namely brand competition era. This paper is to put forward scientifically rational countermeasures and suggestions through taking brand internalization theory as basis and starting from regional industry competitiveness. Thus it would increase regional industry competitiveness of brand.

Balancing Industrial Competitiveness with Regional Value Requires Policy Wisdom

Industrial competitiveness and regional value are fundamentally consistent yet different in that the former relates to businesses while the latter is concerned with households(regional employment,taxes and the environment).In a market-based economy,most enterprises are able to'vote with their feet'and move to regions that are favorable to them.For a region,enterprises contribute to regional value only when they set

Assessment of Regional Agricultural Industrial Competitiveness in China

We analyze the agricultural industrial competitiveness in China's 30 provinces ( municipalities and autonomous regions) ,to provide a reference for the relevant state departments to develop the agricultural industry policy. Using factor analysis and expert consulting method,we determine the weight of each indicator,and establish the comprehensive evaluation model suitable for the assessment of agricultural industrial competitiveness. Using the comprehensive evaluation model,we assess the agricultural competitiveness of China's 30 provinces ( municipalities and autonomous regions) . China's 30 provinces ( municipalities and autonomous regions) can be divided into three groups ( high competitiveness,middle competitiveness and low competitiveness) . The results show that although there are subtle changes in the sequencing within high competitiveness group,the members of high competitiveness group are basically unchanged; compared with high competitiveness group,the agricultural industry in middle competitiveness group and low competitiveness group shows the characteristic of significant geographical concentration,and the competitive agricultural industrial belt is outstanding. We put forward the following recommendations: extending agricultural industry chain and increasing agricultural value added; utilizing regional resources and developing characteristic agriculture; taking the road of large-scale management to promote sustainable and healthy agricultural development in China.

Study upon the Spatial Structure of Regional Eco-tourism-Based upon the Perspective of Supply and Demand and Competition Field

Along with the coming of the low-carbon era, people have paid more and more attention to the natural environment and eco-tourism will embrace a huge development. From the perspectives of the market relationship of supply-demand in economics and of field competition in physics, this paper has discussed upon the present status of the spatial structure of eco-tourism, and analyzed the relationship between supply-demand and field, in order to clarify the direction for the balance between supply and demand in the field and to guide eco-tourism to the way of sustainable development.

Core Competitiveness Construction of Clothing Brands in Low-Carbon Economy

The climate issue has become an environmental concern for all sectors of the world and the low-carbon economy has thus become a new economic development model to combat climate change.With the development of low-carbon economy era,the textile and clothing industry plays an important role in stabilizing the development of low-carbon economy and society,and China has put forward the development requirements of low-carbon transformation for the textile and clothing industry,and also it has an important strategic value to promote the high-quality development of low-carbon economy and society,and the construction of brands’ core competitiveness is an inevitable choice for clothing brands in the face of the new form of international competition.As a result,the evaluation indicator of clothing brands’ core competitiveness in the low-carbon economy is used to measure the core competitiveness of clothing brands.Based on the corresponding verification results obtained by analytic hierarchy process(AHP) analysis,it can guide the low-carbon development of the clothing industry,thus proposing a more reasonable way to build the core competitiveness of clothing brands.It can promote the low-carbon transformation and upgrading of the clothing industry,effectively increase the market share of clothing brands,and promote the high-quality development of clothing brands.

China's low-carbon competitiveness and its effect decomposition from the perspective of wellbeing performance of ecological input

From the perspective of wellbeing performance of ecological input,this paper constructs a low-carbon competitiveness evaluation model with wellbeing performance of carbon emissions as the measurement standard,and uses the LMDI factor decomposition method to decompose the total effect of low-carbon competitiveness changes into technology effect and service effect.And then it conducts positive analysis and comparison of the low-carbon competitiveness and its effect contribution of G20 countries from1990 to 2018.The results are as follows:Firstly,in 2018,the UK,France,Argentina,Brazil,and Germany had higher low-carbon competitiveness.From 1990 to 2018,the low-carbon competitiveness of the UK,Turkey,Germany,Italy,and Brazil increase rapidly.Secondly,from 1990 to 2018,the total effect of low-carbon competitiveness of G20 member states was all positive,that is to say,the overall wellbeing performance of carbon emissions increased,technology effect and service effect are positive in 17 countries and negative in 2 countries respectively.Thirdly,China's low-carbon competitiveness is low,lacking static and dynamic advantages,although the technology effect is the highest,but the service effect is the lowest,resulting in a low total effect,which indicates that the wellbeing performance of economic growth is the main bottleneck of China's low-carbon development.Finally,the policy recommendations for China's future low-carbon transition and sustainable development are put forward.

Scaling up private investment in low-carbon energy systems through regional cooperation: Effective trade policy measures

How to ensure energy supply and reduce environment pollution have turned into governments’ top priorities and key factors to maintain sustainable development. In this context, two major trade and investment agreements that could lead to profound influence on low-carbon energy systems development around the Asia-Pacific region are the Regional comprehensive economic partnership (RCEP) consisted of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) plus Australia, China, India, Japan, New Zealand, and Republic of Korea and the Belt and road initiative (BRI) initiated by China. In order to have a smooth transition to low-carbon energy systems in Asia, besides RCEP and BRI, it is imperative to boost private sector investment. Success of encouraging private sector investment depends on appropriate government policies towards promoting innovations and reducing financial risks to private investors. The research questions that are examined in this study are: What type of policy measures affects trade in low-carbon transition, particularly renewable energy (RE) transition? How can investment signals and incentives be reframed to scale up private finance in RE? The objective is to investigate and to provide several feasible trade policy and investment policy tools for both national and regional markets that governments could adopt to accelerate the speed of private financing of the low-carbon energy industry, particularly the RE industry.

Evaluationof eco-environmental competitiveness in south China hilly region

South China is located in the subtropical zone,with excellent hydrothermal conditions and abundant species.Compared with other regions in China,the environment and natural resources have obvious innate advantages.The crisscross of hills and small plains are the most typical topographic and geomorphic features in South China.Its evaluation of eco-environmental competitiveness is different from other regions in China in terms of index selection and evaluation process.Based on the literature results,combining with the particularity of the southern hilly region and according to certain principles,we construct an evaluation model of ecological environment in southern hilly region,which includes five first-level indicators of ecological resources,environmental status,enconomic society,management response and environmental potential and fifteen second-level index sperated from the first-level,such as forest coverage rate and ambient air quality composite index and so on.Taking Hunan Province,a tipical region of southern hills,as an empirical example to analyse,the conclusion has been verified by other scholars and the new model is more operable than the existing models and methods,which indicates that the model constructed is practical and feasible.

CO2 emission driving forces and corresponding mitigation strategies under low-carbon economy mode:evidence from China's Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

On account of the background of China's "new normal" characterized by slower economic growth, this paper analyses the low-carbon economy status quo in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and empirically investigates the relationship between carbon dioxide(CO_2) emissions and its various factors for China's Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region using panel data econometric technique. We find evidence of existence of Environmental Kuznets Curve. Results also show that economic scale, industrial structure, and urbanization rate are crucial factors to promote CO_2emissions. However, technological progress, especially the domestic independent research and development, plays a key role in C0_2 emissions abatement. Next, we further analyze the correlation between each subregion and various factors according to Grey Relation Analysis. Thereby,our findings provide important implications for policymakers in air pollution control and C0_2 emissions reduction for this region.

Farmer's Adaptive Strategies on Land Competition between Societal Outcomes and Agroecosystem Conservation in the Purple-soiled Hilly Region,Southwestern China

The worldwide extension and intensification of farming during the last century has led to ecosystem degradation and caused a series of environmental problems.Conservation of ecosystem services in agricultural regions has been implemented by top-down government actions or initiated by resilience scientists in the developed countries,but little attention was paid in the developing countries,especially in some remote mountainous regions.The present paper presents a case study showing how local farmers obtained both maximal societal outcomes and agroecosystem conservation interests in the absence of distinct boundaries between agricultural and protected ecological areas in the densely populated purple-soiled hilly region of southwestern China.The local community(Yanting County) has developed a mosaic agricultural-forestry-fishery-stock breeding system with spatially targeted land uses,diverse agricultural productions and multiple ecological partnerships.It indicates that the local farmers have hereditarily perceived sound strategies on maximizing sustainable societal outcomes and optimizing tradeoffs among macro-market,state policy,new technological facility and ecological reinforcement.

Optimization and Regulation Policy for Land Use Changes Based on Low-carbon Emission in Developed Regions of China

Land use and cover change(LUCC) is one of the important causes of the Earth’s carbon cycle imbalances resulting from failure in optimizing land use. The solution to this problem has been the hotspot of research in land and environmental science. We took 'low carbon', 'energy saving' and 'high-efficiency' as the goals of land use optimization,and integrated Markov-CA(Cellular Automaton),the Grid-Fractal model and GIS,in order to study carbon emission objective function,to establish a simulation method for land use spatial allocation optimization,to evaluate the effect of the method on carbon emissions. Regulation policy on three types of land use spatial allocation was proposed,including 'low-carbon type', 'low-carbon-economic type' and 'economic type'. We applied the method to analyze the land use spatial allocation in Taixing City of the 'Yangtze River Delta' regions in China,and obtained the following results:(i) The three optimization types would improve carbon emissions by 3. 21%,1. 80% and 0. 36% respectively in 2020,compared with 2010;(ii) The actual planning for 2020 was close to the 'low-carbon-economic type';(iii) The optimization method and regulation policy,combining local optimization and global control,could meet the sustainable multi-objective requirements for low-carbon constraints of land use spatial allocation. The result of this research could also serve as a reference for exploration into patterns of regional low-carbon land use and measures for energy saving and emission reduction.

区域一体化与企业数字化转型——基于市场竞争和创新驱动的视角

通过以长三角区域一体化试点政策为准自然实验,利用2008—2021年沪深A股上市企业的数据,考察了区域一体化政策对企业数字化转型的影响和内在机理。研究发现,区域一体化政策能够显著提升企业数字化水平,该结论在稳健性检验后仍然成立。从不同维度来看,区域一体化政策显著促进了数字技术发展的深度(底层数字技术应用)和融合发展的广度(智能制造和互联网商业模式)。机制检验表明,区域一体化政策改善了宏观层面的市场竞争环境和创新环境,从而增强了企业面临的赶超压力和驱动企业进行创新策略调整,进而提升企业数字化水平。异质性分析表明,区域一体化政策的数字化发展效应主要存在于国有企业、成长型企业、数字金融发展水平高和知识产权保护重视程度高的地区。进一步研究显示,区域一体化政策不仅促进了企业专业化分工,同时改善了企业资源错配。研究结论不仅为化解企业数字化转型困境提供了经验证据,也为政府深入推进区域一体化协调发展和构建统一大市场提供参考。

Decomposition of factors influencing carbon emissions in the region of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,based on the perspective of terminal energy consumption

In order to analyze the factors influencing carbon emissions in the region of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and to explore the pathways to developing a low-carbon economy,this paper begins with the terminal energy consumption of three industries and residential consumption,and constructs an identical equation which is composed of population size,level of economic development,energy intensity,the proportion of energy consumption,energy structure,and the coefficient of carbon emissions.Based on the data of terminal energy consumption during 2000-2012,various factors are analyzed and their contribution is measured by Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index(LMDI).The results show that the levels of population and economy have a positive driving effect while energy intensity,energy structure,and carbon intensity have a negative driving effect;the proportion of energy consumption had a negative driving effect prior to 2006,then changed to positive.Among suggestions for a low-carbon economy are controlling population size,improving the quality of economic development,supporting research into new energy technology,accelerating regional integration and optimizing industrial structure,and enhancing environmental protection and spreading the concept of a low-carbon economy.

Effect of competition on spatial patterns of oak forests on the Chinese Loess Plateau

Reforestation or natural forest regeneration is an alternative measure for controlling soil erosion in degraded land on the Chinese Loess Plateau（CLP）. However, our understanding of the temporal dynamics and the spatial patterns of forest regeneration remains inadequate. Two oak forests at different development stages were investigated to determine the spatial patterns of competitions（intraspecies and interspecies） during different successional stages. The intraspecies and interspecies spatial relationships among different tree diameters at breast height were analyzed at multiple scales by Kriging interpolation method and univariate and bivariate O-ring statistics. Our analytical results indicated that self-correlation and competition intensity were relatively high between oak and pine trees in the early development stage of oak forests due to their clumped distributions of heavy seeds. Birch trees had a lower competition in comparison to oak trees although birch was the dominant species. Therefore, asymmetric competition of oak trees was most likely to have led to their edge dispersal and their success in replacing the pioneer species. Asymmetric competition means that larger individuals obtained a disproportionately large share of the resources and suppressed the growth of smaller individuals. Kriging interpolation analysis showed a tendency towards homogenization caused by interspecies competition during the succession of oak forests. Our results demonstrated that the competition was the driving factor in the spatial distribution of oak forests on the CLP.

Experimental study of cross-section ratios in the collisions of C^(q+) and O^(q+) (q=1-4) on atomic helium in strong-interaction region

We have measured the cross-section ratios of helium induced by Cq＋ and Oq＋ （q = 1-4） in an energy range from 20 keV/amu to 500 keV/amu, and obtained the two-dimensional spectra by employing the coincidence method combined with the MPA-3 data acquisition system. Hence, we obtain the ratios of total single-ionization cross-sections （SI, SC, SLSI, and DLSI）, total double-ionization cross-sections （DI, DC, TI, SLDI, and DLDI） and cross-sections of every process （SI, SC, SLSI, DLSI, DI, DC, TI, SLDI, and DLDI）, which induce the single-ionization and double-ionization, to the total cross sections respectively. The competitive relations between the reaction-channels and the experimental data law of each reaction-channel are revealed explicitly, and the qualitative explanations involved in those results are also presented accordingly.

Study on the Characteristics of Competition in Sichuan Tea Industry

Nowadays, there is huge potential in the domestic sales and export of tea in China. However, the tea leaf products are less competitive in the international market because of the lack of brand. Sichuan Province as a province with large amount of tea leaves, characteristics of tea leaf industry in Sichuan Province were analyzed from three aspects, namely fundamental industrial characteristics, the competition strategy of a company and main competition measures. The tea industry in Sichuan Province was featured by its large amount of companies and low industrial concentration. The competition among tea companies often uses the strategy of different brands and low cost. The major way to compete was to build tea brand and to publicize the tea culture. Organic green tea was the main issue. Electronic business platform was applied. Study on the competition characteristics of tea industry in Sichuan can improve the regional competitiveness of tea industry and can make contribution to the entire tea industry in China.

Competitive Advantage of Libyan Business Environment

The economic development needs of developing countries require capital accumulation, which is no longer an easy task, even for industrialized countries. Although borrowing remains an important alternative, it has proved to be an expensive method in the long run. Consequently, to attract foreign direct investment （FDI）, developing countries have been liberalizing their economies, which is expected to contribute to job creation and income generation. Libya declared its intention to liberalize its economy and to integrate into the global economy in order to achieve comprehensive development. This study investigates and explores the condition of the Libyan business environment in relation to foreign and joint companies, particularly in the non-oil sectors. This paper aims to investigate whether or not the Libyan business environment is appropriate to attract foreign companies, particularly in the non-hydrocarbon sectors. The method used in this paper is based on creating Porter model of competitive advantage of in relation to attract FDI. The paper reveals clearly that apart from substantial oil reserves, Libya is rich in other resources. Despite these positive advantages, there are numerous obstacles and shortcomings associated with the Libyan business environment. It discovered that the general structure and policies in relation to the Libyan business environment still require considerable attention to bring about the political and administrative stability, as well as the stability of laws and regulations. Furthermore, intensive media campaigns need to be launched with all the necessary legal and political guarantees for attracting FDI into the country.