The relationship between Egypt and Palestine can be traced back to theChalcolithic Age thanks to the evidence of current excavations in the Nile Deltaand Sinal.Palestinian pottery and cast metal objects from the Delta...The relationship between Egypt and Palestine can be traced back to theChalcolithic Age thanks to the evidence of current excavations in the Nile Deltaand Sinal.Palestinian pottery and cast metal objects from the Delta sites of Maadi,Minshat Abu Omar,and elsewhere have proved contacts with Palestine inProtodynastic(Nagada Ⅱ-Ⅲ)times.The Egyptian Protodynastic Period andDynasty 1 were contemporary with the Palestinian EB Ⅰ and EB Ⅲ,and展开更多
The Zargat Na’am ring complex crops out 90 km NW of Shalatin City in the Southeastern Desert of Egypt. The ring complex forms a prominent ridge standing high above the surrounding mafic-ultramafic hills. It is cut by...The Zargat Na’am ring complex crops out 90 km NW of Shalatin City in the Southeastern Desert of Egypt. The ring complex forms a prominent ridge standing high above the surrounding mafic-ultramafic hills. It is cut by two sets of joints and faults which strike predominantly NNW-SSE and E-W, and is injected by dikes, porphyritic alkaline syenites, and felsite porphyries. It consists of alkali syenites, alkali quartz syenites, and peralkaline arfvedsonite-bearing granitic and pegmatitic dikes and sills. The complex is characterized locally by extreme enrichments in REEs, wolframite and rare, high field strength metals (HFSM), such as Zr and Nb. The highest concentrations ({1.5} wt% Zr, {0.25} wt% Nb, {0.6} wt% ∑REEs) occur in aegirine-albite aplites that formed around arfvedsonite pegmatites. Quartz-hosted melt inclusions in arfvedsonite granite and pegmatite provide unequivocal evidence that the peralkaline compositions and rare metal enrichments are primary magmatic features. Glass inclusions in quartz crystals also have high concentrations of incompatible trace elements including Nb (750×10+{-6}), Zr (2500×10+{-6}) and REEs (1450×10+{-6}). The REEs, Nb and Zr compositions of the aegirine-albite aplites plot along the same linear enrichment trends as the melt inclusions, and Y/Ho ratios mostly display unfractionated, near-chondritic values. The chemical and textural features of the aegirine-albite aplites are apparently resultant from rapid crystallization after volatile loss from a residual peralkaline granitic melt similar in composition to the melt inclusions.展开更多
<strong>Background: </strong>The December 2019 Chinese epidemic of Corona Virus Disease [COVID-19], which erupted in Wuhan, South China, was declared a pandemic, by the World Health Organization [WHO], on ...<strong>Background: </strong>The December 2019 Chinese epidemic of Corona Virus Disease [COVID-19], which erupted in Wuhan, South China, was declared a pandemic, by the World Health Organization [WHO], on 12<sup>th</sup> January 2020. The worldwide spread from China was rapid, but Africa was the last port-of-call. Her first diagnosed case was two months after China’s, on 14<sup>th</sup> February, 2020 in Egypt. The morbidity and mortality rates have, however, remained lower in Africa than in the developed world, and analysts believe that it was more of a temporary respite, since Africa’s poor health infrastructure will become her eventual albatross. <strong>Methodology:</strong> Data were collected on COVID-19 and records of the socio-economic capacity of Africa by accessing the relevant previous and current peer-reviewed publications from multiple search engines on internet. The data were, then, collated and comparatively analyzed. <strong>Results: </strong>The available data revealed that Africa had, mostly, the milder forms of COVID-19, and so, morbidity and mortality were low. Her shrinking elderly population and hot climate were believed to be contributory, but lately, as the pandemic spread, the role of these factors was not exactly predictive. Being low on healthcare infrastructure, Africa could tenaciously leverage on the supportive and preventive measures prescribed by WHO, while the world awaited a vaccine. The role of ventilators in the care of critically ill patients, also, came under scrutiny as some workers were questioning the underlying pathology, and advocating a paradigm shift from high-tech positive end expiratory pressure ventilation to plasmapheresis and packed cell transfusion. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Africa faces a huge challenge with COVID-19, but the predicted heavy mortalities may be reduced by some local confounding factors, control of spread and re-focusing of critical care away from the expensive and unavailable ventilators.展开更多
Since recognizing Israel as a state,Egypt has had the closest relationship with Israel in the region.Under the presidency of Mubarak,the relationship between the two countries evolved and broadened.Egypt as one of the...Since recognizing Israel as a state,Egypt has had the closest relationship with Israel in the region.Under the presidency of Mubarak,the relationship between the two countries evolved and broadened.Egypt as one of the important Arab countries of the Middle East and Islamic world plays a crucial role in international scene and relationship among nations because it has an intellectual and cultural impact on the other Muslim countries in the region.Egypt also controls the Suez Canal,main waterway providing trade between East and West.The current domestic conditions in Egypt and the overthrow of Mubarak suggest a new chapter in its political life that would change,Egypt’s political milieu and its foreign political stance.Giving an overview of the relationship between Egypt and Israel from its very beginning to the present in four historical episodes,this article tries to analyze the impact of Egypt’s domestic changes on the Egypt-Israel relationship in the post-Mubarak period and it focuses on the point that after its transition and its return to normalcy,Egypt would continue its relations with Israel,albeit with minor differences compared to the past.Indeed,they would continue their relationship in the state-state level,though the peoples of the two countries would be pessimistic and hold ill-feeling toward the relationship between their Countries.展开更多
文摘The relationship between Egypt and Palestine can be traced back to theChalcolithic Age thanks to the evidence of current excavations in the Nile Deltaand Sinal.Palestinian pottery and cast metal objects from the Delta sites of Maadi,Minshat Abu Omar,and elsewhere have proved contacts with Palestine inProtodynastic(Nagada Ⅱ-Ⅲ)times.The Egyptian Protodynastic Period andDynasty 1 were contemporary with the Palestinian EB Ⅰ and EB Ⅲ,and
文摘The Zargat Na’am ring complex crops out 90 km NW of Shalatin City in the Southeastern Desert of Egypt. The ring complex forms a prominent ridge standing high above the surrounding mafic-ultramafic hills. It is cut by two sets of joints and faults which strike predominantly NNW-SSE and E-W, and is injected by dikes, porphyritic alkaline syenites, and felsite porphyries. It consists of alkali syenites, alkali quartz syenites, and peralkaline arfvedsonite-bearing granitic and pegmatitic dikes and sills. The complex is characterized locally by extreme enrichments in REEs, wolframite and rare, high field strength metals (HFSM), such as Zr and Nb. The highest concentrations ({1.5} wt% Zr, {0.25} wt% Nb, {0.6} wt% ∑REEs) occur in aegirine-albite aplites that formed around arfvedsonite pegmatites. Quartz-hosted melt inclusions in arfvedsonite granite and pegmatite provide unequivocal evidence that the peralkaline compositions and rare metal enrichments are primary magmatic features. Glass inclusions in quartz crystals also have high concentrations of incompatible trace elements including Nb (750×10+{-6}), Zr (2500×10+{-6}) and REEs (1450×10+{-6}). The REEs, Nb and Zr compositions of the aegirine-albite aplites plot along the same linear enrichment trends as the melt inclusions, and Y/Ho ratios mostly display unfractionated, near-chondritic values. The chemical and textural features of the aegirine-albite aplites are apparently resultant from rapid crystallization after volatile loss from a residual peralkaline granitic melt similar in composition to the melt inclusions.
文摘<strong>Background: </strong>The December 2019 Chinese epidemic of Corona Virus Disease [COVID-19], which erupted in Wuhan, South China, was declared a pandemic, by the World Health Organization [WHO], on 12<sup>th</sup> January 2020. The worldwide spread from China was rapid, but Africa was the last port-of-call. Her first diagnosed case was two months after China’s, on 14<sup>th</sup> February, 2020 in Egypt. The morbidity and mortality rates have, however, remained lower in Africa than in the developed world, and analysts believe that it was more of a temporary respite, since Africa’s poor health infrastructure will become her eventual albatross. <strong>Methodology:</strong> Data were collected on COVID-19 and records of the socio-economic capacity of Africa by accessing the relevant previous and current peer-reviewed publications from multiple search engines on internet. The data were, then, collated and comparatively analyzed. <strong>Results: </strong>The available data revealed that Africa had, mostly, the milder forms of COVID-19, and so, morbidity and mortality were low. Her shrinking elderly population and hot climate were believed to be contributory, but lately, as the pandemic spread, the role of these factors was not exactly predictive. Being low on healthcare infrastructure, Africa could tenaciously leverage on the supportive and preventive measures prescribed by WHO, while the world awaited a vaccine. The role of ventilators in the care of critically ill patients, also, came under scrutiny as some workers were questioning the underlying pathology, and advocating a paradigm shift from high-tech positive end expiratory pressure ventilation to plasmapheresis and packed cell transfusion. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Africa faces a huge challenge with COVID-19, but the predicted heavy mortalities may be reduced by some local confounding factors, control of spread and re-focusing of critical care away from the expensive and unavailable ventilators.
文摘Since recognizing Israel as a state,Egypt has had the closest relationship with Israel in the region.Under the presidency of Mubarak,the relationship between the two countries evolved and broadened.Egypt as one of the important Arab countries of the Middle East and Islamic world plays a crucial role in international scene and relationship among nations because it has an intellectual and cultural impact on the other Muslim countries in the region.Egypt also controls the Suez Canal,main waterway providing trade between East and West.The current domestic conditions in Egypt and the overthrow of Mubarak suggest a new chapter in its political life that would change,Egypt’s political milieu and its foreign political stance.Giving an overview of the relationship between Egypt and Israel from its very beginning to the present in four historical episodes,this article tries to analyze the impact of Egypt’s domestic changes on the Egypt-Israel relationship in the post-Mubarak period and it focuses on the point that after its transition and its return to normalcy,Egypt would continue its relations with Israel,albeit with minor differences compared to the past.Indeed,they would continue their relationship in the state-state level,though the peoples of the two countries would be pessimistic and hold ill-feeling toward the relationship between their Countries.
