Study on the Relationship between Psychological Stress and Doctor-Patient Relationship of Cancer Patients and Their Families

Objective: To research the relationship between psychological stress and doctor-patient relationship of cancer patients and their families. Methods: The patients were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group, and PDRQ-15, pcl-c, SAS and SDS scales were selected as evaluation indexes, and the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine were compared between the patients diagnosed with PTSD cancer and those without PTSD. Results: 1) The total score of PCL-C, SAS, SDS, PDRQ-15 scale of the cancer patients and their families after the intervention of clinical psychological care was significantly lower than that of before intervention and the control group. 2) The correlation coefficients between PCL-C, SAS, SDS and PDRQ-15 of cancer patients and their relatives were 0.971, 0.952 and 0.939 respectively. The significant test P value was less than 0.05 and the difference was statistically significant. 3) The plasma levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in cancer patients under stress were significantly higher than those in cancer patients without stress (P Conclusion: After psychological Intervention of cancer patients and their families, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression and doctor-patient relationship were all improved.

Adherence in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Depression and the Role of Physician-Patient Relationship: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) challenges health and quality of life of patients, families, and communities. Patients with comorbid depression are more likely to develop macrovascular and microvascular complications. The aim was to assess glycemic control and adherence in diabetic patients with comorbid depression. Further, the study evaluated the relationship between adherence and the physician-patient relationship. Methods: The study was conducted at Al-Agouza Family Medicine Center (AFMC) between February 2018 and March 2020. The included patients were between 35 - 80 years of age;had type 2 diabetes with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 6.5%, fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl, and scored between 11 - 30 on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Logistic regression, chi-square, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to assess the relationship between depression, adherence, physician-patient relationship, and other variables. Results: The study included 100 eligible patients with a median BDI score of 20 (10 - 30). The median diabetic panel for patients was FBS 188 (126 - 348) mg/dl, PPS 282.50 (162 - 448) mg/dl, and HbA1c 9.5 (6.6 - 14.0)%. Depression and regular follow-up visits were statistically associated with improvement of diabetes symptoms (p = 0.019). There was a significant relationship (p 0.001) between adherence, regular follow-up visits, and knowledge of DM. Further, there was a significant relationship between the physician-patient relationship and DM improvement (p = 0.047). Conclusion: Physician-patient relationship was paramount to improving adherence and positive diabetes care. Our findings suggest a shift to a physician-patient relationship model with mutual agreement on medical decisions is highly recommended.

Relationship between glutathione and malonaldehyde levels in erythrocytes and the deformation index of erythrocyte in patients at various periods following acute cerebral infarction

BACKGROUND： Glutathione, as an in vivo free radical scavenger, plays an important role in the anti-oxidation defense mechanism in patients with acute cerebral infarction. OBJECTIVE： To observe the relationship between the levels of glutathione （GSH） and malonaldehyde （MDA）, the metabolite of lipid peroxidation, in erythrocyte and deformation index of erythrocyte in patients at various periods following acute cerebral infarction. DESIGN： Controlled observation.SETTING： Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease of Qingdao Medical College. PARTICIPANTS： We chose 98 inpatients with acute cerebral infarction from Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January to December 2000 , serving as cerebral infarction group, including 50 male and 48 female, with mean age of （62±7）years. There were 23 cases found on the 1^st day after onset; 25 cases on the 3^rd day after onset; 25 cases on the 7^th day after onset; 25 cases on the 14th days after onset, and they were all confirmed by craniocerebral CT or MRI. Another 30 homeochronous inpatients with neurosis, cervical syndrome, lumbar intervertebral disc herniation and motor neuron disease were chosen as control group, including 20 male and 10 female, with mean age of （52±8）years . There was no significant difference in age and gender distribution between two groups （P 〉 0.05）. Patients in the two groups were informed of detected index.METHODS：①Ulnar venous blood was chosen from the patients who were fasted on the 1^st, 3^rd,7^th and 14^th days after onset. Deformation index of erythrocyte was measured with BL88-CKX laser diffraction erythrocyte deformeter and photographing was performed. GSH level in erythrocyte was measured with DTNB assay introduced by Beu-tler. MDA level in erythrocyte was measured with modified thiobarbituric acid colorimetric method.②At each sample collecting , according to the criteria accepted by the Fourth National Conference of Cerebrovascular Disease, intergrant of neurologic impairment 〈 15 points was regarded as mild （n=46）, 15 to 30 points as moderate （n=40）and, 〉 30 points as severe （n=12）. ③ t test was used to compare data between two groups , and linear correlation analysis was used in relationship analysis among indexes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ：① Comparison of erythrocyte GSH and MDA levels and deformation index of erythrocyte at various periods between patients with acute cerebral infarction and controls. ②Correlation of erythrocyte GSH level with erythrocyte MDA level and with deformation index of erythrocyte in patients with cerebral infarction . ③ Relationship between erythrocyte GSH level and severity of disease in patients with acute cerebral infarction. RESULTS： Totally 98 patients with acute cerebral infarction and 30 controls all entered the stage of result analysis. ① Erythrocyte GSH level and deformation index of erythrocyte were lower on the 1^st, 3^rd, 7^th and 14^th days after onset in cerebral infarction group than in control group （P 〈 0.05-0.01）, and erythrocyte MDA level was significantly higher in cerebral infarction group than in control group （P 〈 0.05-0.01）. The three indexes changed most significantly on day 3 after onset in patients, and began to recover or decrease on day 7 after onset and inclined to be normal on day 14 after onset. ② Erythrocyte GSH level was significantly negatively correlated with erythrocyte MDA level in patients with acute cerebral infarction on the 1^st, 3^rd, 7^th and 14^th days after onset （r=-0.534, -0.713, -0.645, -0.656, respectively, P 〈 0.05-0.01 ） ,and significantly positively correlated with erythrocyte deformation index （t-=0.502, 0.560, 0.455, 0.504, respectively, P 〈 0.05）. ③Erythrocyte GSH level was significantly lower in moderate or severe patients with acute cerebral infarction than in mild patients[（0.215±0.088）,（0.192±0.102）, （0.281±0.090） g/L, P〈 0.05]. CONCLUSION：①Erythrocyte GSH and MDA levels and deformation index of erythrocyte change significantly on the 3^rd day following acute cerebral infarction. Index detection results gradually tended to be normal on from the 7^th day to 14^th days day after onset. ② Change of erythrocyte GSH level can reflect the severity of disease of patients with acute cerebral infarction.③Decrease of erythrocyte GSH level in patients with acute cerebral infarction is one of reasons that result in the decrease of deformation ability of erythrocyte.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SEROSAL TYPES, PATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND FREE CANCER CELLS IN THE PERITONEAL CAVITY OF GASTRIC CANCER PATIENTS

The relationship between free cancer cells and the pathological characteristics of gastric cancer were studied. Of 100 cases of gastric cancer, free cancer cells in the peritoneal cavity were detected in 32 cases (32%). Free cancer cells were most often found in tendonoid (62.2%) and colour diffused (60.0%) serosal types. When the area of serosal invasion was over 20 cm, the positive free cancer cell rate was 56.6% and only 2.5% if below 20 cm. Free cancer cells were related to the depth of cancer infiltration, often found in the S2 and S3 invasion layers, as well as to the pathological characteristics of gastric cancer. Free cancer cells were often seen in infiltrated type cancer, histologically poorly differentiated or undifferentiated adenocarcinoma. and nest or diffused growth types. In patients without peritoneal metastasis (P0), the positive rate was 26.1%. This study proved that Chen's serosal classification is correct and useful in assessing whether the cancer cells have penetrated through the serosa or not during surgery. Different treatments should be used in the cases with different serosal types. In addition to surgery, destruction of free cancer cells should be considered in tendonoid and colour diffused serosal types, so as to prevent peritoneal metastasis.

The Impact of a Drug Safety Warning on Discussions between Doctors and Their Patients;the Case of Rosiglitazone

The goal of this study was to track the influence of a highly publicized report on discussions between doctors and their patients and prescribing decisions made in response to concerns about potential medication adverse side effects. This was a retrospective analysis of a primary care network’s electronic medical record database. From a diabetes registry of 12, 246 patients, 329 were identified as taking rosiglitazone prior to the June 14, 2007 release of an article in the New England Journal of Medicine;the article suggesting an increased risk of myocardial events. The entire content of all office visits, telephone messages, and medication lists for each patient were reviewed over a 2-year period subsequent to the article’s publication. Doctor/patient discussions regarding concerns for rosiglitazone were catalogued including the physician’s treatment recommendations. There were documented discussions on rosiglitazone’s potential adverse side effects for 64 patients;19.5 percent of this population. All of the discussions occurred between June 15 and October 30, 2007. Of the entire group, 59.3 percent (N = 195) remained on rosiglitazone. For those advised to continue rosiglitazone, the provider indicated that he/she wanted more data before determining if the drug was not safe or discounted the validity of the safety concerns. For those advised to discontinue rosiglitazone, 112 (83.6 percent) were placed on pioglitazone. An article suggesting potential adverse effects of rosiglitazone resulted in a documented discussion in 19.5 percent of patients on this medication. These findings suggest an awareness of this publication by patients, presumably derived from media reports. However, an awareness of this concern did not result in a substantial change in practice.The majority of patients remained on rosiglitazone. The content of these discussions suggest that most physicians’ recommended waiting for more published data before considering a change. While many factors influence physician’s prescribing behavior, this study demonstrates how a highly publicized report influences the doctor/ patient dialogue.

Reflection on the cognitive differences between doctors and patients

As we all know, the doctor-patient relationship in China is in a very tense state. There are many reasons for this situation, an important factor among them is the cognitive differences between doctors and patients.Here we analyze the reasons for the cognitive differences between doctors and patients from the perspective of both doctors and patients cognition of diseases, the motives of both parties and the expectations of curing diseases.We will also discuss a: "patient-centered" concept, strengthening effective communication between doctors and patients, as well as how they can respect each other's personality and rights.

Under the narrative medicine theory to establish the evidence-based medical record written by doctors and patients through integrated therapy of traditional Chinese and western on digestive system diseases

Objective:The aim of this article was to discuss the theory of doctor-patient co-operated evidence-based medical record and set up the preliminary frame of the doctor-patient co-operated evidence-based medical record following the concept of narrative evidence-based medicine.Methods:The information was searched from Pubmed,Embase,CBMdisc,CNKI.A preliminary agreement was reached by referring to the principles of narrative medicine and advises given by experts of digestive system and evidence-based medicine in both Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine.Result:This research is a useful attempt to discuss the establishment of doctor-patient co-operated evidence-based medical record guided by the direction of narrative evidence-based medicine.Reflection and outlook:Doctor-patient co-operated medical record can be a key factor of the curative effect evaluation methodology system of integrated therapy of Tradition Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine on spleen and stomach diseases.

A Literature Review in Immuno-Oncology: Pathophysiological and Clinical Features of Colorectal Cancer and the Role of the Doctor-Patient Interaction

This review is intended to describe the features of colorectal cancer both in terms of pathophysiology and clinical features of the pathology. It also describes the anatomical and clinical features of different primary tumor locations in colorectal cancer. It is also to note how relevant it is to identify rectal cancer and colon cancer as different pathologies due to the clinical, pathophysiological and immuno-oncological features of rectal cancer compared to the ones of colon cancer while remarking the importance of medical doctors in the interaction with oncological patients. Background: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is a major public health problem, representing the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and the second in females and it is fundamental to note and discuss doctor-patient interaction, fundamental for proper adherence and psychological status of the oncological patient, when discussing such important and impactful pathologies. Conclusions: This review highlights the possibility of an update in the terminology of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) into different clinically relevant pathologies within the umbrella term colorectal cancer (for instance rectal and colon cancer as different tumors). It also remarks on the importance of medical doctors in the interaction with oncological patients.

Listen and talk to the older patients:a critical emancipatory reflection on the practice of communication issues

Objective: Reflection is a process of deliberating thinking and examining one's practice in the past and thereby encouraging nurses to make improvements in future care delivery. This work outlines a piece of reflection involving the practice of communication between nurses and the elderly, to emancipate the authors from their constraints, help to find values as practitioners, and gain a greater understanding of the nurse-patient relationship.Methods: Using Smyth's four-stage model as a guide, as well as empirical and theoretical knowledge on nurse-patient relationships, this paper presents a deep reflection on the relationship that the authors developed with elderly patients and their families, encountered during the practice as a nurse. By applying the four main stages consisting of describe, inform, confront, and reconstruct, this model enabled the authors to frame, describe the practice issue, and explore the meaning behind it, which helps to facilitate a structured reflection.Results: Critical emancipatory reflection, in association with the Espoused theory and Theory-in-use, as well as reflexivity, critical social theory, and hegemony, was applied to uncover the various power relationships and constraining forces in the authors' practice involved in communicating with the elderly, such as the underlying false consciousness, hegemony, hidden assumptions, influential values, and dominant power structure, which are subtle and persuasive. By applying this process of critical reflection, transformative practice could be achieved.Conclusions: The process of critical reflection facilitated the development of the abilities required to develop and maintain the nursepatient relationship. It helps to enhance the care of old patients and their families, which illuminates the future nursing practice.

A Survey on the Sexual Health of Elderly Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and Their Spouses

Objective:To investigate the sexual relationship and sexual health of elderly patients with cardiovascular disease and their spouses,as well as to explore the relationship between sexual health and the quality of life.Methods:A total of 206 CHD patients and their spouses(N=206)as well as 238 age-and gender-matched healthy people were recruited and investigated by using a seilf-designed sexual relationship and sexual health questionnaire and the SF-36 questionnaire;data analysis and comparison were carried out by using SPSS 22.0.Results:The scores of perceived health,marital satisfaction,sexual satisfaction,sexual function,and quality of life were all significantly different among elderly CVD patients,then-spouses,and healthy people(F=3.894,p<0.05).There was a significant correlation between perceived health,marital satisfaction,sexual satisfaction,and sexual function with quality of life(p<0.05).Conclusion:Sexual behavior is an important aspect of quality of life.The sexual relationship,sexual health,and quality of life of elderly patients with cardiovascular disease and their spouses were significantly lower than those of healthy people.It is recommended that more attention should be paid on the sexual relationship and sexual health of these patients and their spouses,with counselling offered when needed.

Patients’ Experiences of Trust in the Patient-Nurse Relationship——A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies

Aims and Objectives: To report a synthesis of the literature on the meaning of trust in the context of patients’ experiences of nursing. The review question was “How do patients describe the meaning of trust in the nursing relationship?” Background: Trust is essential in nursing as it has the potential to create opportunities for the human being to gain faith, hope and meaning in life as well as open up for new experiences. Trust is an interpersonal and essential element of all patient-nurse relationships and requires nurses to create a trusting relationship with the patients. Design: Systematic qualitative literature review. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted for the period January 2002 to December 2012, updated in January 2014. 20 papers were included. Results: Four categories emerged: Attitudes related to trust, indicating that trust is fundamental and existential;Experiences of trust, concerning how trust can be sensed;The patient-nurse relationship, revealing the qualities of the person who creates trust;and Where trust occurs, illuminating the contextual relevancies of trust. Conclusions: Patients’ experiences of trust in nursing are dependent on the nurses’ knowledge, level of commitment in the dialogue to creating and developing the relationship and contextual issues. Implications for nursing practice: Reflection on a trusting relationship with the patient is necessary for a deeper conceptual understanding of trust in nursing. Clinical nurse researchers nurse supervisors, managers and nurse educatorsshould discuss different areas of trust during nursing supervision and focus-group meetings as well as with nursing graduates to ensure that nurses develop knowledge of how to create a trusting patient-nurse relationship.

A Pragmatic Study on Non-aggressive Doctor-patient Conflict Talk-From the Ecolinguistic Perspective

Doctor-patient relationship is a very important relationship between doctor and patient and patient’s family member.In interpersonal communication,non-aggressive discourse often leads to conflicting response.It is the most common doctor–patient relationship between doctor and patient.There are limited studies on non-aggressive conflicting response.Language used is the most important basis in conflicting response to non-aggressive discourse.Language and culture are broad and diverse.Different speech methods and language content lead to different response.Based on this,this paper explains response to non-aggressive conflict talk between doctor and patient in the perspective of ecolinguistics,to provide reference.

The Application of Conversational Implicature in Doctor-Patient Conversation

The doctor-patient conversation is the major way of communication between doctors and patients.A good conversation helps to construct a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.This paper attempts to analyze the doctor-patient conversation by applying the Theory of Conversational Implicature.The theory is accepted as the cooperative principle consisting of four maxims:quantity,quality,relation,manner.This paper will analyse how the four maxims work and the violating of the maxims in the doctor-patient conversation.Through linguistic study of the conversation,we try to find out the problems in the doctor-patient conversation and to provide some directive linguistic suggestions to doctors and patients.

Healing Humor: The Use of Humor in the Nurse-Patient Relationship

Objective: To identify the importance of using humor in patient/nurse relationship, its factors, its conditions and the barriers that might limit its use. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar, for relevant articles published in English between 2010 and 2019. We included the studies that investigated humor between nurses and their patient’s relationship. Results: From the initial 287 articles found, 15 were included for final revision. Data allowed retrieving information on humor definition;its applicability as a nursing intervention;humor as a tool to improve nurse-patient communication and relationship;influencing factors;humor benefits in health care context and the limits that come against its use. Conclusion: Humor is considered a powerful communication tool, it promotes well-being, relieves anxiety and stress, helps deal with stressful situations but it should be used cautiously in order to prevent undesired consequences.

Gorgeous Transformation Analysis on Influence of Doctors＇ Clothes on Patients

Doctors＇ clothes have bidden farewell to the historical limitation of only being used as the working clothes, which have become an important part of hospital image. In the eyes of patients, the appearance image of doctors is the image which is most concerned by patients. Doctors＇ clothes beauty reflects the inner beauty of doctors in working, giving the patients the warmth and comfort, which is of great importance to both the physical and mental therapy.

Patient-Provider-Relationship in the Hospital Care of the Elderly—A Qualitative, Multi-Perspective Study

For many years, there has been a growing demand for patient-centered care in inpatient settings, but a lack of clear consensus on how to exactly implement such programs. The main aim of this study was to analyze patient-centered care in the acute-care setting in a multidimensional manner from the perspectives of elderly patients, their relatives, and an independent observer. A multi-method design was used to capture the three perspectives. Passive observations and post-situational interviews with patients were integrated with semi-structured interviews with patients and their relatives. 18 elderly patients and their relatives (n = 8) were recruited on wards for internal medicine of six hospitals. The data show significant deficits in patient-centered care in the acute-care setting. Although individual patients have different needs, certain categories of deficits emerge as universally relevant, one being the patient-provider-relationship. Patients express a desire for more frequent contact with the hospital staff. Access to doctors and nurses is particularly limited at night and on weekends. The patients are aware of these limitations and often do not draw attention to their own needs to reduce the workload on the staff. The wishes and needs of patients are not always adequately addressed. However, patients, relatives and the independent observer take positive notice of some employees because of their patient-centered attitude. The results show that there is still a need for improvement of patient-centered care. Participants from all three perspectives described differences between employees within the same institutional setting. This finding suggests that patient-centered care strongly depends on the personality of the individual caregiver.

Balancing the Inpatient-Nurse Relationship in Anorexia Care

Background: Nurses play a central role in the treatment of inpatients with anorexia, where bonding is a key factor. The inpatient-nurse relationship is based on a confident alliance characterized by important factors such as trust, confidentiality, responsiveness, genuineness, and consistency. Aim and Research Question: The aim of this study was to describe patients’ in-depth experiences of their relationship with nurses when hospitalized for anorexia. The research question was: How do women hospitalized due to anorexia nervosa experience the nurse-patient relationship? Method: A hermeneutic approach with in-depth interviews was employed. Five women with previous experience of inpatient care for anorexia were interviewed. Findings: The findings summarized how the women experienced the relationship with professional nurses in a ward characterized by a high degree of structure. The main theme Balancing feelings of emotional contradictions in the patient-nurse relationship was described by two sub-themes;Opening up for a care relationship in a rigid and structured ward atmosphere and Fluctuating in a paradox of conflicting feelings. Discussion: From the patients’ perspective, balancing the patient-nurse relationship when an inpatient involves conflicting emotional challenges. Structured interventions are perceived as effective by the patients, although they may be ambivalent about them. Therefore, a good relationship depends on the establishment of emotional and stable interaction with the nurses. Implications for Nursing Practice: Patients need interventions based on safe and competent quality care. A hermeneutic approach may improve the nurses’ ability to meet these patients in their lifeworld and establish a confident relationship. Special education related to anorexia care should be a priority in nursing.

Study on the Grouping of Patients with Chronic Infectious Diseases Based on Data Mining

Objective: According to RFM model theory of customer relationship management, data mining technology was used to group the chronic infectious disease patients to explore the effect of customer segmentation on the management of patients with different characteristics. Methods: 170,246 outpatient data was extracted from the hospital management information system (HIS) during January 2016 to July 2016, 43,448 data was formed after the data cleaning. K-Means clustering algorithm was used to classify patients with chronic infectious diseases, and then C5.0 decision tree algorithm was used to predict the situation of patients with chronic infectious diseases. Results: Male patients accounted for 58.7%, patients living in Shanghai accounted for 85.6%. The average age of patients is 45.88 years old, the high incidence age is 25 to 65 years old. Patients was gathered into three categories: 1) Clusters 1—Important patients (4786 people, 11.72%, R = 2.89, F = 11.72, M = 84,302.95);2) Clustering 2—Major patients (23,103, 53.2%, R = 5.22, F = 3.45, M = 9146.39);3) Cluster 3—Potential patients (15,559 people, 35.8%, R = 19.77, F = 1.55, M = 1739.09). C5.0 decision tree algorithm was used to predict the treatment situation of patients with chronic infectious diseases, the final treatment time (weeks) is an important predictor, the accuracy rate is 99.94% verified by the confusion model. Conclusion: Medical institutions should strengthen the adherence education for patients with chronic infectious diseases, establish the chronic infectious diseases and customer relationship management database, take the initiative to help them improve treatment adherence. Chinese governments at all levels should speed up the construction of hospital information, establish the chronic infectious disease database, strengthen the blocking of mother-to-child transmission, to effectively curb chronic infectious diseases, reduce disease burden and mortality.

Patient prompting of their physician resulted in increased colon cancer screening referrals

AIM:To determine whether a communication instru-ment provided to patients prior to their primary carephysician(PCP)visit initiates a conversation with theirPCP about colorectal cancer screening(CRC-S),impact-ing screening referral rates in fully insured and underin-sured patients.METHODS:A prospective randomized control studywas performed at a single academic center outpatient internal medicine(IRMC,underinsured)and fam-ily medicine(FMRC,insured)resident clinics prior to scheduled visits.In the intervention group,a pamphlet about the benefit of CRC-S and a reminder card were given to patients before the scheduled visit for prompt-ing of CRC-S referral by their PCP.The main outcome measured was frequency of CRC-S referral in each clinic after intervention.RESULTS:In the IRMC,148 patients participated,a control group of 72 patients(40F and 32M)and 76 patients(48F and 28M)in the intervention group.Re-ferrals for CRC-S occurred in 45/72(63%)of control vs 70/76(92%)in the intervention group(P≤0.001).In the FMRC,126 patients participated,66(39F:27M)con-trol and 60(33F:27M)in the intervention group.CRC-S referrals occurred in 47/66(71%)of controls vs 56/60(98%)in the intervention group(P≤0.001).CONCLUSION:Patient initiated physician prompting produced a significant referral increase for CRC-S in un-derinsured and insured patient populations.Additional investigation aimed at increasing CRC-S acceptance is warranted.