Resonant Continuum in the Relativistic Mean-Field Theory

Energies, widths and wave functions of the single-particle resonant continuum are determined by solvingscattering states of the Dirac equation with proper asymptotic conditions for the continuous spectrum in the relativisticmean-field theory. The relativistic regular and irregular Coulomb wave functions are calculated numerically. Theresonance states in the continuum for some closed- or sub-closed-shell nucleus in Sn-isotopes, such as 1 14Sn, 1 16Sn, 1 18Sn,and 120Sn are calculated. Results show that the S-matrix method is a reliable and straightforward way in determiningenergies and widths of resonant states.

Shape Coexistence for ^179Hg in Relativistic Mean-Field Theory

The potential energy surface of179 Hg is traced and the multi-shape coexistence phenomenon in that nucleus is studied within the relativistic mean-field theory with quadrupole moment constraint. The calculation results of binding energies and charge radii of mercury isotopes are in good agreement with the experimental data.

Exotic Structures of Odd-A Carbon Isotopes in the Deformed Relativistic Mean-FieldTheory

We study contributions of the pion meson and spatial component of the omega meson in the odd-A carbonisotopes. The pion and spatial omega provide small attractions in odd-A nuclei, giving rise to considerable influences onthe single-particle energies rather than the bulk properties such as total binding energies, and root-mean-square (rms)radii. The ±Ω (spin) splittings, arising from the spatial omega, are large in ^1^1C and ^1^3C and drop as the isospin rises inodd-A carbon isotopes. As an isovector, the pion can shift slightly the relative potential depth of neutron and proton,contrary to the role of the rho meson. There is a general trend that both the pion and spatial omega fields reduce withthe rise of isospin in the isotopic chain. From the normal nucleus to halo nucleus, an abnormal drop of the pion or spatialomega field may occur, as can be seen in ^1^9C, ^1^5C, and ^2^1C.

Nuclear Fusion Research and Development Need New Relativistic Mass and Energy Corrections Given by the Information Relativity Theory

Hundred years after the conjecture of the British astronomer Eddington that the sun is powered by nuclear fusion of hydrogen, new physics theory may help make energy harvesting by nuclear fusion soon a reality. Researchers as well as investors funding fusion megaprojects are asked to deal with new relativistic corrections for mass and energy proposed by Suleiman in his Information Relativity Theory (IRT). These corrections were calculated in this contribution. It will help to decide whether a venture will be successful and to save big investments when in doubt. The assumed optimal kinetic energy for controlled nuclear fusion must be corrected to a somewhat higher level. At very high kinetic energy in the upper GeV range, it remains not enough baryonic mass to be transformed in energy. The fusion probability faded out to zero already at the golden limit of the recession speed of between target nucleon and projectile nucleon. Cold nuclear fusion, if ever possible, is recommended for protons rather than deuterons at highest experimental possible temperatures around 1000 (K) and needs fine-tuned kinetic nucleon energy. It would be also of interest whether a golden ratio based nuclear fuel confinement chamber could be beneficial. In this connection, also cold nuclear fusion setups should be discussed. Nature is governed by the golden ratio and criticality of physical systems influenced by it, and nuclear physics is not an exception. Computer simulations of the underlying controlled nuclear fusion processes should gain profit from IRT corrected starting information and may tackle anew possible low energy nuclear transmutations considering the wave-like dark components of matter and energy.

Quantum Corrections on Relativistic Mean Field Theory for Nuclear Matter

我们为核子数量介子系统，一个任意的吝啬的分级的介子领域在被介绍建议一个量子化过程。有平常的这个过程的等价为任何给定的价值被证明。由这个过程的使用，在 Walecka 的 MFA 并且在下巴的 RHA 的分级的介子领域在保持的平均数附近被使量子化。它这些理论上的修正被不安考虑直到第二份订单。任意使我们自由在计算在任何阶段修理它。当我们以 Walecka 的 MFA 的方法修理它时，量修正大，并且结果不收敛。当我们以下巴的 RHA 的方法修理它时，量修正是微不足道的小的，并且集中是优秀的。它证明 RHA 为原子系统盖住量地理论的领先的部分并且是为进一步的量修正的优秀 zeroth 顺序近似，当 Walecka 的 MFA 不做时。我们建议由为有限原子核为原子事或全部的精力最小化全部的精力每核子在整个计算的目的修理参数，到使使量子化的相对论的吝啬的地理论(QRMFT ) 成为一个变化方法。

Investigations on Nuclei near Z = 82 in Relativistic Mean Field Theory with FSUGold

In this work, the ground-state properties of Pt, Hg, Pb, and Po isotopes have been systematically investigated in the deformed relativistic mean field （RMF） theory with the new parameter set FSUGold. The calculated results show that FSUGold is as successful as NL3 in reproducing the ground-state binding energies of the nuclei in this region. The calculated two- neutron separation energies, quadrupole deformations, and root-mean-square charge radii are in agreement with the experimental data. The parameter set FSUGold can successfully describe the shell effect of the neutron magic number N = 126 and give smaller neutron skin thicknesses than NL3 for all the nuclei considered.

Relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock Theory for Finite Nuclei

Starting with a bare nucleon-nucleon interaction, for the first time the full relativistic Brueckner Hartree-Fock equations are solved for finite nuclei in a Dirac-Woods-Saxon basis. No free parameters are introduced to calculate the ground-state properties of finite nuclei. The nucleus 160 is investigated as an example. The resulting groundstate properties, such as binding energy and charge radius, are considerably improved as compared with the non-relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock results and much closer to the experimental data. This opens the door for ab initio covariant investigations of heavy nuclei.

Relativistic Multichannel Theory:Theoretical Studies of Excited Energy Structure of Ar Atom

We here present a relativistic multichannel theory which can be regarded as an extension of traditional configuration interaction theories by including continuum configuration interactions.Our relativistic multichannel theory aims directly to calculate the compact set of physical parameters(μ_(α),U_(iα)) in multichannel quantum defect theory.Taking Ar atom as an example,we compare our calculated orbital energies with traditional configuration interaction calculations as well as experimental measurements.

Two-photon excitation for C_2Vmolecules based on the full relativistic theory

The present work explores a new phenomenon that not all the transition probability of two photon processes is negligible at low irradiance. The irreducible representation 2B2 of C2v is unexpected, for there is no much deviation in oscillator strength for two-photon and single-photon process A1 to 2B2. This new phenomenon is only possible to be explored by the symmetrical consideration: the necessary and sufficient condition is molecular plane coincident with yz plane or the operation σ ’v(yz) for group C2v. It is only possible to be evaluated out by use of the full relativistic quantum mechanical theory.

Bound State Description of Particles from a Quantum Field Theory of Fermions and Bosons, Compatible with Relativity

Both, the dilemma to find a quantum field theory consistent with Einstein’s law of relativity and the problem to describe existing particles as bound states of matter has been solved by calculating bound state matrix elements from a dual fermion-boson Lagrangian. In this formalism, the fermion binding energies are compensated by boson energies, indicating that particles can be generated out of the vacuum. This yields quantitative solutions for various mesons ω (0.78 GeV) - Υ (9.46 GeV) and all leptons e, μ and τ, with uncertainties in the extracted properties of less than 1‰. For transparency, a Web-page with the address htpps://h2909473.stratoserver.net has been constructed, where all calculations can be run on line and also the underlying fortran source code can be inspected.

On the Foundations of the Classical Relativistic Theory of the Field of an Accelerated Extended Charge

The effect of nonzero extent of an electric charge is considered within the assumption that the structure of the charge at rest is spherically-symmetric and the current vector is linear in the acceleration. An exact expression for the electromagnetic field of the charge is obtained, which depends on the specific form of the charge distribution. We have developed the approximations which deal with the charge distribution through its low-order moments, for the case in which the particle velocity does not considerably change over the time it covers a distance of the order of its own size. We have also rigorously justified the Lorentz-Abraham-Dirac expression for the radiation friction (we have identified a more general context for this expression as well as its applicability domain). We have also studied the radiation field and demonstrated that in some cases, the radiation virtually vanishes even for large accelerations. Ways of further development of the theory have been pointed out, in order to include more general forms of the current vector (dependence of the deformation of the charge structure on the acceleration, rotation of the structure around the centre of the charge, ultrarelativistic regimes).

Reformulation of Relativistic Quantum Field Theory Using Region-Like Idealization of the Elementary Particle

The existence of any elementary particle in universe requires the existence of some region of universe occupied by it. By taking the volume of this occupied region, the author will reformulate the relativistic quantum field theory using new 3-dimensional region-like idealization of elementary particles and hereinafter will call the total volume of all regions occupied by the elementary constituent particles of the quantum system the occupied volume. Also the author will call the set of all regions of universe filled by elementary constituent particles of the quantum system the occupied path. Always any quantum system is existed at a head of its occupied path. This path is growing by mutual filling and leaving regions of universe by its elementary constituent particles. The conservation of this elementary constituent particle requires the conservation of its occupied volume during this process. This requirement could be summarized by the following conditions: 1) the total volume of all regions of universe filled by the elementary constituent particles of the quantum system minus the total volume of all regions of universe left by these elementary constituent particles must be equal to the occupied volume of the quantum system;2) the total increase in the occupied volume of the quantum system due to the absorption of another elementary particles from outside its occupied regions minus the total decreasing in its occupied volume due to the emission of another elementary particles outside its occupied regions must be equal to the occupied volume of it. The wave-particle duality of the elementary constituent particles implied accumulation of them as the finite set of interfered waves. This accumulation of elementary constituent particles causes the absolute probabilistic nature of event of finding the elementary consistent particle in specified interfered wave, and hence the mathematical representation of this interfered wave should take into account the value of probability amplitude of finding an elementary particle inside the region occupied specified interfered wave. In quantum theory this probability amplitude corresponds to complex amplitude of the wave function of interfered wave. Also in Hilbert’s representation of the quantum theory these wave functions are representing the components of the quantum state vector. In this paper the author will develop the transformation theory of the region-like quantum state of the quantum system.

ARCADE 2 Spatial Roar, What Theory of Relation Reveals

The theory of Relation provides an explanation for the Arcade 2 excess. It assumes that the isotropic radio emission measured by the Arcade 2 Collaboration, which is 5 - 6 times brighter than the expected contributions from known extra-galactic sources, is the residue of an immense primitive energy of ordinary matter released by a relativistic bang almost 100 million years after the big bang, which gave the mass-energy the missing gravity to activate contraction. This relativistic bang, via a Lorentz energy transformation, would have released enormous energy held to be the source of the powerful radio noise detected by the NASA researchers. This transformation would have simultaneously triggered the formation of the first stars from dense gas and the reionization of less dense neutral gas. This departs from the idea that continuous reionization began after the formation of the first stars. We emphasize the importance of primordial magnetic fields, which would have generated significant density fluctuations during recombination and acted as a direct seed for cosmic structures. The first stars and galaxies were bathed in strong magnetic fields that gave rise to the radio microwave din (boom) discovered by Arcade 2. These intense magnetic fields alter the trajectory of charged particles zooming near the speed of light, triggering the space roar and emitting radiation that forms a synchrotron radio background. The theory of Relation offers an alternative to the Lambda-CDM cosmological model, which has become the standard model of the big bang, which leads straight to the vacuum catastrophe.

Octupole Deformations of Even-Even Rn, Th, and U Nuclei in Relativistic Mean Field Theory

octupole 变丑和弄平甚至 Rn， Th 和 U 同位素的另外的扎根的州的性质在思考的框架以内系统地被调查不对称的相对论的吝啬的地(RAS-RMF ) 模型。计算结果复制有约束力的精力和四极变丑很好。计算结果在状态演变从的地面显示这些原子核将近球形(N = 130 ) 形状到有中子数字的增加的四极变丑形状。在 Rn 同位素之中，仅仅 222,224Rn 是使变形的 octupole，为他们的 octupole 变丑是小的，这也被发现。然而，在 Th 和 U 同位素的更多的原子核(N 134148 ) 是使变形的 octupole，为他们中的一些的 octupole 变丑是重要的(| 3 |~ 0.1 或甚至更大) 。

Resonant Continuum in the Relativistic Mean－Field Theory

Energies, widths and wave functions of the single-particle resonant continuum are determined by solvingscattering states of the Dirac equation with proper asymptotic conditions for the continuous spectrum in the relativisticmean-field theory. The relativistic regular and irregular Coulomb wave functions are calculated numerically. Theresonance states in the continuum for some closed- or sub-closed-shell nucleus in Sn-isotopes, such as 1 14Sn, 1 16Sn, 1 18Sn,and 120Sn are calculated. Results show that the S-matrix method is a reliable and straightforward way in determiningenergies and widths of resonant states.

Special Relativity’s “Newtonization” in Complex “Para-Space”: The Two Theories Equivalence Question

Complex model, say C3, of “para-space” as alternative to the real M4 Minkowski space-time for both relativistic and classical mechanics was shortly introduced as reference to our previous works on that subject. The actual aim, however, is an additional analysis of the physical and para-physical phenomena’ behavior as we formally transport observable mechanical phenomena [motion] to non-real interior of the complex domain. As it turns out, such procedure, when properly set, corresponds to transition from relativistic to more classic (or, possibly, just classic) kind of the motion. This procedure, we call the “Newtonization of relativistic physical quantities and phenomena”, first of all, includes the mechanical motion’s characteristics in the C3. The algebraic structure of vector spaces was imposed and analyzed on both: the set of all relativistic velocities and on the set of the corresponding to them “Galilean” velocities. The key point of the analysis is realization that, as a matter of fact, the relativistic theory and the classical are equivalent at least as for the kinematics. This conclusion follows the fact that the two defined structures of topological vector spaces i.e., the structure imposed on sets of all relativistic velocities and the structure on set of all “Galilean” velocities, are both diffeomorphic in their topological parts and are isomorphic as the vector spaces. As for the relativistic theory, the two approaches: the hyperbolic (“classical” SR) with its four-vector formalism and Euclidean, where SR is modeled by the complex para-space C3, were analyzed and compared.

Statistical Gauge Theory for Relativistic Finite Density Problems

A relativistic quantum field theory is presented for finite density problems based on the principle of locality. It is shown that, in addition to the conventional ones, a local approach to the relativistic quantum field theories at both zero and finite densities consistent with the violation of Bell-like inequalities should contain and provide solutions to at least three additional problems, namely, i) the statistical gauge invariance; ii) the dark components of the local observables; and iii) the fermion statistical blocking effects, based upon an asymptotic nonthermal ensemble. An application to models is presented to show the importance of the discussions.

Benchmark Calculations on the Atomization Enthalpy,Geometry and Vibrational Frequencies of UF_6 with Relativistic DFT Methods

Benchmark calculations on the molar atomization enthalpy, geometry, and vibrational frequencies of uranium hexafluoride （UF6） have been performed by using relativistic density functional theory （DFT） with various levels of relativistic effects, different types of basis sets, and exchange-correlation functionals. Scalar relativistic effects are shown to be critical for the structural properties. The spin-orbit coupling effects are important for the calculated energies, but are much less important for other calculated ground-state properties of closed-shell UF6. We conclude through systematic investigations that ZORA- and RECP-based relativistic DPT methods are both appropriate for incorporating relativistic effects. Comparisons of different types of basis sets （Slater, Gaussian, and plane-wave types） and various levels of theoretical approximation of the exchange-correlation functionals were also made.