Automatic Extraction Method of 3D Feature Guidelines for Complex Cultural Relic Surfaces Based on Point Cloud

Cultural relics line graphic serves as a crucial form of traditional artifact information documentation,which is a simple and intuitive product with low cost of displaying compared with 3D models.Dimensionality reduction is undoubtedly necessary for line drawings.However,most existing methods for artifact drawing rely on the principles of orthographic projection that always cannot avoid angle occlusion and data overlapping while the surface of cultural relics is complex.Therefore,conformal mapping was introduced as a dimensionality reduction way to compensate for the limitation of orthographic projection.Based on the given criteria for assessing surface complexity,this paper proposed a three-dimensional feature guideline extraction method for complex cultural relic surfaces.A 2D and 3D combined factor that measured the importance of points on describing surface features,vertex weight,was designed.Then the selection threshold for feature guideline extraction was determined based on the differences between vertex weight and shape index distributions.The feasibility and stability were verified through experiments conducted on real cultural relic surface data.Results demonstrated the ability of the method to address the challenges associated with the automatic generation of line drawings for complex surfaces.The extraction method and the obtained results will be useful for line graphic drawing,displaying and propaganda of cultural relics.

Natural Disaster Risk Monitoring for Immovable Cultural Relics Based on Digital Twin

Natural disaster risk monitoring is an important task for disaster prevention and reduction.In the case of immovable cultural relics,however,the feedback mechanism,risk factors,monitoring logic,and monitoring indicators of natural disaster risk monitoring are complex.How to achieve intelligent perception and monitoring of natural disaster risk for immovable cultural relics has always been a focus and a challenge for researchers.Based on the analysis of the concepts and issues related to the natural disaster risk of immovable cultural relics,this paper proposes a framework for natural disaster risk monitoring for immovable cultural relics based on the digital twin.This framework focuses on risk monitoring,including the physical entities of natural disaster risk for immovable cultural relics,monitoring indicators,and virtual entity construction.A platform for monitoring the natural disaster risk of immovable cultural relics is proposed.Using the Puzhou Ancient City Site as a test bed,the proposed concept can be used for monitoring the natural disaster risk of immovable cultural relics at different scales.

Analysis on the Development Model of Relic and Museum Tourism Products Based on ERP Analysis:A Case Study on Shandong Province

In recent years, the trend of people choosing relic and museum tourism during their vacationand leisure time is growing day by day, mainly because it touches people's feelings about historical relicsand cultural heritage. The development of relic and museum tourism products is not only the inheritanceof culture and the protection of cultural relics, but also the promotion of tourism consumption under thebackground of cultural tourism integration, which has promoted the development of regional economy.With the relic and museum tourism resources in Shandong Province as the research object, through theanalysis of its resources, market and products, this paper put forward three applicable modes of relic andmuseum tourism product development, including independent development, joint development, and artauthorization, and proposed specific suggestions around the three modes.

A new bioslurry-induced restoration method via biomineralization for fragmented ceramic cultural relics

This study presents a new restoration method for fragmented ceramic cultural relics using bioslurry-induced biocementation via a microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) process. Bioslurry is highly urease active calcium carbonate crystals, which serve as filling and cementitious material with newly induced calcite precipitation when supplying cementation solution (urea and calcium source). With the pre-filling of bioslurry and newly induced calcite crystals, the fragmented ceramic can be connected and the gap along the fracture surface can be sealed. Due to the high urease active bacteria cells embedded in bioslurry, the ceramic restoration can be completed in 24 h with the optimal concentration of cementation solution of 1.6 M. Taking the advantage of bonding effect gained from newly induced calcite precipitation, the tensile strength was improved up to 0.92 MPa through a customized tensile strength test. This is satisfactory to ensure the stability and integrity of fragmented ceramic after bioslurry-induced restoration. A demonstrative restoration has been completed on fragmented ceramics from Ming Dynasty. With the good bonding strength and high stability of bioslurry-induced calcite precipitation, the proposed bioslurry-induced restoration method contributes valuable insights to the conservation of ceramic cultural relics. Other prospective applications include the restoration of masonry relics and bone relics.

Design and Construction of Topographical Elements in Parks of Historical Relics

The protection and utilization of great historical sites mainly includes 4 modes,specifically,building the whole site into a park of historical relics;combining the site with the scenic area into a tourist site;building the site into a forest park;combining site protection with development of modern agriculture so as to build an agricultural park of historical and cultural relics.In this study,it was emphasized that landscape design of such parks should first be based on the protection of historical relics.Among all constructed parks of historical relics in China,Relics of Sweet Spring Palace,Tomb of the Military Marquis Zhuge Liang and Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor were taken as examples to demonstrate how large-scale topographical elements form the spatial pattern of garden landscapes;Ruins of the Old Summer Palace and the Park of Qujiang Pool Relics were taken to show how moderate-scale topographical elements form the spatial division of garden landscapes;by giving examples of micro-relief slope utilization,micro-relief stone and water layout,utilization of original reliefs and micro-relief functions,this study illustrated how such micro-scale topographical elements form landscape nodes in gardens,and specifically introduced functions of micro-relief,such as dividing and controlling spaces,creating aesthetic value,improving micro-climate and so on.Moreover,cases of terrain utilization and creation in classical western gardens were given,and masterworks of some modern western garden designers were borrowed and analyzed to find valuable concepts for designing parks of historical relics in China.

Environmental Renovation and Improvement Strategies for the Great Relics——A Case Study of Landscape Planning for the Front Hall Relics of the Weiyang Palace in China

Through introducing concepts of great relics and its protective planning theories, construction of relics park is a characteristic protection mode for cultural heritage in China, and also a useful exploration in the combination of theories and practices of great relics protection. Moreover, it is also the best means of protecting great relics ever found. Taking landscape planning of the front hall relics of the Weiyang Palace, relics of the front hall was believed to have great scientific value, so its environmental renovation and improvement should be based on scientific landscape planning, the whole relics should be protected and displayed scientifically and completely, landscape elements introduced as the effective texture by applying ecological patterns according to actual conditions, new techniques favorable for the protection and scientific research of relics adopted to provide a new strategy for the construction of great ruins park in China.

Glacier Relics of the Last Glacial and Holocene Periods Discovered in the Middle-low Mountains of Eastern China: Sedimentary Sequences and Environmental Evolution of Mengshan Mountain in Shandong Province since 80 ka

The goal of this research study is to describe academic issues which have been debated in the field of Chinese geosciences for a century. In 1922, Jonquei S. Lee(Li Siguang) discovered Quaternary glacial relics at Taihang Mountainin eastern China. In 1947, he published his research findings in the magazine Mount Lushan in Glacial Age. The research results had established three Ice Ages: Poyang(Gonzi), Dagu(Minde), and Lushan(Lisi). However, at that time, no Wurm glacial relics of the last Ice Age had been found in Lushan Mountain. Since then, the research team represented by Shi Yafeng, who is considered to be "the father of glaciers in China", questioned Jonquei S. Lee’s research results and concluded that "Professor Jonquei S. Lee’s Quaternary glacier research in Lushan Mountain having misread the debris flow". In 2005, the "middle-low mountains" in eastern China were finally defined as follows: "We clearly and unambiguously believe that there were no glacial activities in the middle-low mountainous areas of eastern China(east of 102° to 104°E;below 3,000 and 2,500 m) during the Quaternary Period". Currently, the long-standing academic debate appears to have come to a conclusion. As of 2015, the author and others began to investigate and study the Quaternary glacial relics in Mengshan Mountain(1,156 m above sea level), Shandong Province, one of the "middle-low mountains" of eastern China. The relics have been observed to posses the systematic features of glacial erosion, trough and valley striations, and moraine deposits. The applied dating method shave confirmed that there were not only glacial relics of the last Ice Age(Wurm), but also Holocene glacial relics in the Mengshan Mountain area. Therefore, in order to further establish the corresponding relationship between the glacier, loess, stream sediment series, and MIS in the Mengshan Mountain area, a large number of chronological studies have been carried out regarding the various types of sediments in the area, and 24 dating datahave been obtained using OSL, CRN, and 14 Cmethods.On this basis, the corresponding relationship between the sedimentary sequences and the MIS was established for the first time in eastern China, which in dicates the environmental changes which had occurred in eastern China since 80 ka. These discoveries s and chronological study results confirm the existence of the Last Ice Age, as well as Holocene glacial relics at Mengshan Mountain, there by confirming that Quaternary glaciation had occurred in the middle-low mountain areas of eastern China.

Relic UHP Structures in Dabie-Sulu Region, China: Structural Expression and Geodynamic Significance

The present day observed tectonic framework of ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt in the Dabie Sulu region was dominantly formed by an extensional process at 200-170 Ma, under amphibolite facies conditions, following the Triassic collision between the Sino Korean and Yangtze cratons. UHP relic structures, including massive eclogites with a weak foliation, UHP shear zones and A type folds, that are preserved in less retrograde metamorphism and deformation overprinted eclogite lenses can be recognized using the tectonic analysis. Examples are drawn from the Chengmagang area and Hejiawan area, Hubei; Bixiling area, Anhui, and Donghai area, northern Jiangsu. A speculative kinematic model is proposed for the collision between the cratons based on the UHP relic structures studied, in combination with the data of petrography, geochronology and P T path of UHP metamorphic rocks in the studied region which were reported in literature. It is stressed that only the early UHP relic structures, particularly, regionally consistent foliation and stretching lineations, record and reflect the formation of the UHP metamorphic rocks, and the relative dynamic and kinematic process related to the Triassic NNE directed oblique collision between the Sino Korean and Yangtze cratons.

Aseismic strengthening techniques of Chinese typical stele relics:A case study of Xi'an Beilin

In order to improve the seismic performance of Chinese traditional stele relics, a suitable aseismic strengthening method of Chinese traditional stele relics is proposed. Taking the typical stele relic in Xi＇an Beilin as an example, the on-site investigations were carried out to obtain the actual geometric size and damage state of the stele relic. Then, the structural performance of the stele relic was analyzed by the finite element software ANSYS. Finally, the two different aseismic strengthening methods of the traditional stele relic are proposed and comparatively analyzed. The results show that in addition to the common problems, such as weathering, and cracks, etc, earthquakes seriously threaten the structural safety of stele relics. Under the rarely-occurring earthquake of eight degree, the unstrengthened stele relic will be overturned, and many cracks will occur at the connection area of stele body and stele pedestal. When the stele relic is strengthened by the stainless angle steel strengthening method, the stele relic will not be overturned, but some cracks will occur at the connection area of stele body and stele pedestal. When the stele relic is strengthened by the base isolation strengthening method, the stele relic will not be overturned, and no cracks will occur at the connection area of stele body and stele pedestal. Therefore, the aseismic strengthening effect of the base isolation strengthening method is obviously better than that of the stainless angle steel strengthening method, and this method is a suitable aseismic strengthening method of Chinese traditional stele relics.

Sanxingdui Cultural Relics Recognition Algorithm Based on Hyperspectral Multi-Network Fusion

Sanxingdui cultural relics are the precious cultural heritage of humanity with high values of history,science,culture,art and research.However,mainstream analytical methods are contacting and detrimental,which is unfavorable to the protection of cultural relics.This paper improves the accuracy of the extraction,location,and analysis of artifacts using hyperspectral methods.To improve the accuracy of cultural relic mining,positioning,and analysis,the segmentation algorithm of Sanxingdui cultural relics based on the spatial spectrum integrated network is proposed with the support of hyperspectral techniques.Firstly,region stitching algorithm based on the relative position of hyper spectrally collected data is proposed to improve stitching efficiency.Secondly,given the prominence of traditional HRNet(High-Resolution Net)models in high-resolution data processing,the spatial attention mechanism is put forward to obtain spatial dimension information.Thirdly,in view of the prominence of 3D networks in spectral information acquisition,the pyramid 3D residual network model is proposed to obtain internal spectral dimensional information.Fourthly,four kinds of fusion methods at the level of data and decision are presented to achieve cultural relic labeling.As shown by the experiment results,the proposed network adopts an integrated method of data-level and decision-level,which achieves the optimal average accuracy of identification 0.84,realizes shallow coverage of cultural relics labeling,and effectively supports the mining and protection of cultural relics.

Genetic variation in progenies of 23 relic trees of Metasequoia glyptostroboides in their original habitat

Seeds of 23 relic Metasequoia glyptostroboides trees were randomly collected from their original, natural opulations found in Lichuan City, Hubei Province, China. The seed characteristics and growth of their three-year-old rogenies were investigated. Results show that the average intra-family coefficient of variation （CV） in height growth of ：he 23 three-year-old families was 14.53%, slightly higher than that of the inter-family CV （14.02%）. Correspondingly, hese two parameters for root-collar diameter growth were 15.44% and 13.15%. The 23 relic mother trees were ignificantly differed in their general combining abilities （GCA） and relative effect values of GCA （RGCA） of height growth and root-collar diameter growth over the three years. Both height and root-collar diameter growth had high amily heritability in this seedling stage. After eliminating two inferior families, i.e., 15 and 46, 2.21% of genetic gain in he ght growth was obtained and 1.50% in root-collar diameter growth. It was also significantly different in crown size and number of branches among the 23 three-year-old seedling families. From a cluster analysis we concluded that eight families, i.e., 23, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33, 35 and 44 displayed superior GCA and RGCA in both height and root-collar diameter growth. Therefore, these relic mother trees displayed their potential as parents in seed orchards. With the exception of family 23, the other seven superior families were all collected at Guihua Village, Zhonglu Town, Lichuan City, which has been identified as an optimum district of M. glyptostroboides for seed collection.

A New Theoretical Technique for the Measurement of High-Frequency Relic Gravitational Waves

Under most models of the early universe evolution, high-frequency gravitational waves (HFGWs) were produced. They are referred to as “relic” high-frequency gravitational waves or HFRGWs and their detection and measurement could provide important information on the origin and development of our Universe – information that could not otherwise be obtained. So far three instruments have been built to detect and measure HFRGWs, but so far none of them has achieved the required sensitivity. This paper concerns another detector, originally proposed by Baker in 2000 and patented, which is based upon a recently discovered physical effect (the Li effect);this detector has accordingly been named the “Li-Baker detector.” The detector has been a joint development effort by the P. R. China and the United States HFGW research teams. A rigorous examination of the detector’s performance is important in the ongoing debate over the value of attempting to construct a Li-Baker detector and, in particular, an accurate prediction of its sensitivity in the presence of significant noise will decide whether the Li-Baker detector will be capable of detecting and measuring HFRGWs. The potential for useful HFRGW measurement is theoretically confirmed.

Value Analysis of Immovable Cultural Relics from Landscape Perspective

This paper started by defining immovable cultural relics and landscape, and explicitly classified cultural relics under landscape. Then it analyzed the scientific value, artificial value, and historical value of cultural relics based on the angle of landscape. All these values had been changed and were indicated cultural value, aesthetic value and resource value as new values. The cultural value included identification with culture, inherited culture and educational value. The content of aesthetic value contained visual aesthetics and enjoyment. The resource value which was composed of the essence, space-time and scarcity, was revealed economic value, which was composed of environmental value and tourism value. In the following, the values of landscape and the new identified values of cultural relic were compared together to discover the connections between them. Finally, the new values of cultural relic were established under the angle of landscape which was composed of 4 degrees.

Constructing Teaching Model for Training English Guides of Stone Inscription Relics

A teaching model based on constructivism is proposed in this paper. The model contains five teaching steps, e.g. interpretation teaching, questioning- dialogue, knowledge and skills teaching, discussion- collaboration and field training. Practice proves that it can effectively improve the training efficiency of the training of English guides of stone inscription relics and enhance their interpretation quality and English skills.

Classification and Protective Measures of Geological Relics Based on Tourist Perception and Evaluation Perspective

The existing studies of geological relics have formed a classification system,which is based on geological relic cause factors.According to the geological relics of the tourist conception and perspective of tourism evaluation examples from Hunan Province,the author proposed the

Can Thermal Input from a Prior Universe Account for Relic Graviton Production? Implications for the Cosmological Landscape

The author presents how to make a link between the low temperature and low entropy of pre big bang state of cosmology as given by Carroll and Chen in 2005, to the quantum cosmology conditions predicted by Weinberg when the temperature reaches 1032 degrees Kelvin. We do this bridge building in our model construction as a way to get about the fact that cosmological CMB is limited by a red shift about z = 1100, so in order to get our suppositions consistent with observations, we also examine what happens in our model when we introduce quantization via a shift in values of the Hartle-Hawking wave function from a lower value of nearly zero to one which is set via an upper bound of the Planck’s constant of the order of 360 times the square of the Planck’s mass.

Units 7 Cultural relics课本要点精练

一、单词拼写根据句意和首字母或汉语提示,写出句中所缺单词的完全形式。1.The c________exchange between the two countries will make them better under

Improved calculation of relic gravitational waves

In this paper, we have improved the calculation of the relic gravitational waves （RGW） in two aspects. First, we investigate the transfer function by taking into consideration the redshift-suppression effect, the accelerating expansion effect, the damping effect of free-streaming relativistic particles, and the damping effect of cosmic phase transition, and give a simple approximate analytic expression, which clearly illustrates the dependence on the cosmological parameters. Second, we develop a numerical method to calculate the primordial power spectrum of RGW in a very wide frequency range, where the observed constraints on ns （the scalar spectral index） and Ps（k0） （the amplitude of primordial scalar spectrum） and the Hamilton-Jacobi equation are used. This method is applied to two kinds of inflationary models, which satisfy the current constraints on ns, α（the running of ns） and r （the tensor-scalar ratio）. We plot them in the r - Ωg diagram, where Ωg is the strength of RGW, and study their measurements from the cosmic microwave background （CMB） experiments and laser interferometers.

Relic Gravity Waves Investigation by Advanced Space-Based Gravitational Waves Detector

This paper focuses on the relic gravity waves produced during the transition from a radiation-dominated inflationary phase to a dust-dominated Friedman-Robertson-Walker-type expansion. We discuss how to investigate the spectral energy density by the latest space-based CWs detectors at f =0.1 Hz （i.e. DECICO）. In the case of power-law and exponential inflation, we apply the cross-correlation method to the latest detector and get the time dependence of the very early Hubble pararneter.

Effects of Kinetic Decoupling on Relic Density with Sommerfeld Enhancement

We investigate the effect of kinetic deeoupling on the relic density of the non-relativistic particles whose annihilation rate is increased by Sommerfeld enhancement. We discuss the effect of kinetic decoupling both for the Sommerfeld enhanced s-wave annihilation and p-wave anihilation cross sections. We find after kientic deeoupling Sommerfeld enhanced annihilations continue to change the particle abundance until the matter domination begins or the Sommerfeld effect cuts off. We provide analytic estimates of this effect.