Anticancer activity of Tephrosia purpurea and Ficus religiosa using MCF 7 cell lines

Objective:To investigate anticancer activity of different fractions of Tephrosia purpurea[TP] （Sharapunkha,Fabaceae） and Ficus religiosa[FR]（Peepal,Moraceae）.Methods:The fractions of TP and FR were prepared and tested for in vitro anticancer activity using human MCF 7 cell line by trypan blue exclusion method.Results:The result showed that among all these fractions of TPI.TPIII.FRI and FRIII showed better anticancer activity compared to other fractions.The IC50 value for TPI（152.4μM）,TPIII（158.71μM）.FRI（160.3μM） and for FRIII（222.7μM） was observed.Conclusions:The present study shows anticancer potential of TP and FR fractions in MCF 7 cell line.

Study of anti ulcer activity of Ficus religiosa L.on experimentally induced gastric ulcers in rats

Objective:To investigate the gastroprotective activity of hydroalcoholic extract leaves of Ficus religiosa(F.religiosa) in different experimental models of gastric ulcer in rats.Methods:The hydroalcoholic extract leaves of F.religiosa were studied at two dose levels(250 and 500 mg/ kg,oral) in rats against absolute ethanol(0.2 mL oral),aspirin(200 mg/kg) and pyloric ligation induced gastric ulcer.Ranitidine(50 mg/kg,oral) was used as a standard drug.Mean ulcer indices and oxidative stress were measured.Phytochemical tests and acute toxicity tests were also carried out.Results:Administration of F.religiosa to rats significantly decreased the ulcer index value when compared with the control treated group.Ranitidine(50 mg/kg,oral) also produced a significant decrease the ulcer index value when compared with the control treated group.Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins,sterols,saponins,flavonoids, carbohydrates and proteins.Conclusions:The results suggest that the leaves of the F.religiosa possess significant anti ulcer activity.

Phytopharmacological evaluation and anti-asthmatic activity of Ficus religiosa leaves

Objective:To discuss phytopharmacological potential and anti-asthmatic activity of Ficus religiosa(F.religiosa)(L.).Methods:Fresh leaves of F.religiosa were obtained from Vastrapur Lake,Ahmedabad,and dried to obtain powder.Histamine and acetylcholine were used to guinea pigs to establish bronchospasm model.In in vivo study,the aqueous extract of F.religiosa leaves (AEFR) at doses of 150 and 300 mg/ kg was administrated to guinea pigs,and the broncho-protective activity of AEFR was compared with aminophylline at 25 mg/kg.While in in vitro study,and 10 g/mL,20 g/mL,30 g/mL of AEFRL was administrated to guinea pigs,respectively, and mast cell stabilizing activity of AEFR was compared with ketotifen at 10 g/mL.Results: In the in-vivo model,pre-treatment with aminophylline(25 mg/kg,ip.) could significantly delay the onset of histamine induced pre-convulsive dyspnea,compared with vehicle control. Administration of AEFRL(150 and 300 mg/kg,ip.) also produced significant effect on latency to develop histamine & acetylcholine induced pre-convulsive dyspnea.In the mast cell stabilizing model,AEFRL at 10,20 and 30μg/mL could significantly increase the number of intact cells. Conclusions:It can be concluded that AEFRL is effective on histamine & acetylcholine induced bronchospasm in guinea pigs.In addition,AEFRL can potentiate the number of intact cells in the mast cell stabilizing model._____________________________________________________

Anti-ulcer activity of Ficus religiosa leaf ethanolic extract

Objective:To evaluate the anti-ulcer activity and acute toxicity ofFicus religiosa(F. religiosa)leaf ethanolic extract in animal models.Methods:Anti-ulcer activity ofF. religiosaethanolicextract(250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) was studied on stress induced ulcer animal models.Ranitidine was used as standard. The anti-ulcer activity ofF. religiosawas evaluated with thehelp of ulcer area and histopatholgical examination. Preliminary phyto-chemical screeningand acute toxicity studies ofF. religiosaalso carried out.Results:Results showed that theextract treatments prevented ulcer area and gastric secretion in a dose-dependent manner.Administration of 2000 mg/kg extract did not show any acute toxicity in albino mice. Preliminaryphytochemical analysis identified the presence of flavonoids in the ethanolic extract ofF. religiosa.Conclusions:The extract is non-toxic even at relatively high concentrations. The anti-ulceractivity is probably due to the presence of flavanoids.

An efficient in vitro shoot regeneration through direct organogenesis from seedling-derived petiole and leaf segments and acclimatization of Ficus religiosa

Prolific and rapid in vitro plant organogenesis via direct regeneration has been obtained from axenic seedling-derived petiole and leaf explants of Ficus religiosa in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different concentrations of cytokinins in combination with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). MS medium with 1.5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine plus 0.15 mg/l IBA produced the highest shoot induction frequency with an average of 6.26 and 10.13 shoots per leaf and petiole explants, respectively. After 4 weeks, the highest root formation frequency (96.7%), root number (5.73), and root length (4.76 cm) were with MS medium containing 2.0 mg/l IBA plus 0.1 mg/l α-naphthalene acetic acid. In addition, the effect of four sodium nitroprusside (SNP) treatments on acclimatization was also studied. Highest morphological traits such as survival rates, fresh and dry root weights as well as antioxidant enzymatic activities such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase was achieved with 125 ppm SNP. The α-amino acid, proline, content was highest with this treatment while the highest H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) was in the controls. This study introduces a cost-effective, prolific, and efficient in vitro multiplication system to supply pharmaceutical and ornamental needs. It is the first report of an in vitro organogenesis protocol for F. religiosa by direct regeneration through axenic seedling-derived petiole and leaf explants, which can be efficiently employed for the utilization of active biomolecules.

施肥量对菩提树容器苗生长及养分累积的影响

探讨不同施肥量对菩提树容器苗生长和养分累积的影响,为北方地区菩提树容器育苗栽培措施提供理论参考依据。以1 a生菩提树扦插苗为试验材料,以美植袋为容器进行栽植,采用随机区组设计,设定对照和7个不同氮磷钾配比共8个处理(F_(1)~F_(8)),施肥5次,间隔为15 d,施肥同时测定菩提树的苗高、地径,最后一次施肥2周后测定菩提树生物量及养分含量。结果表明:不同施肥量对菩提树容器苗生长具有显著影响,不同N、P、K配比施肥中,F_(4)(氮肥、钾肥、磷肥用量为N 6.0 g·株^(-1)、P_(2)O_(5)1.5 g·株^(-1)和0.3 g·株^(-1))施肥量下,菩提树株高生长最快,增长率为380%。F_(1)(氮肥、钾肥、磷肥用量为N 0.0 g·株^(-1)、P_(2)O_(5)1.0 g·株^(-1)和K_(2)O 0.3 g·株^(-1))处理下,菩提树地径增长最快,总生物量最高。(2)不同施肥量下,菩提树全氮、全磷、全钾含量在根、茎、叶中分布呈显著差异。在施P1.5 g·株^(-1)处理下,随着施N量增加,全株含氮量呈增加趋势,在施P 1 g·株^(-1)处理下,随着施N量增加,全株含氮量呈递减趋势。随着N、P肥的增施,全株钾含量降低,增施N、P,菩提树对钾肥吸收降低。(3)叶片生长量与茎部氮含量、全株氮含量及根部磷含量呈极显著正相关,根部生物量与叶氮含量呈极显著正相关,与叶片磷含量、全株磷含量呈正相关;总生物量与叶片氮含量、全株磷含量呈正相关。钾肥在氮磷肥施用时,促进氮磷肥的均衡吸收,促进菩提树容器苗的生长。在本研究施肥配比范围内,N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O分别为6.0、1.5和0.3 g时菩提树株高生长最快,在N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O分别为0.0、1.0和0.3 g时,菩提树根系生长最好。

IBA浓度、处理时间对菩提树水培扦插生根的影响

为提高菩提树(FicusreligiosaL.)的繁殖率,以菩提树半木质化插条为材料,研究了水培条件下菩提树生根情况及IBA浓度和处理时间对菩提树生根的影响。结果表明,30℃条件下,菩提树水培后10~20d可生根。留叶1片可显著提高菩提树的生根率、生根总数和根幅。IBA可以缩短生根时间,提高生根率。IBA浓度和处理时间2个因素中,IBA浓度对菩提树水培扦插生根率、生根数量等各生根指标影响显著高于处理时间,IBA浓度和处理时间的交互效应对生根率和最长根长影响显著,100mg/LIBA处理2h菩提树水培生根率最高。

容器规格、基质配比对菩提树容器苗生长及生理的影响

【目的】筛选适合菩提树容器苗生长的最佳容器规格及基质配比,为完善我国北方地区菩提树容器育苗技术提供参考。【方法】采用双因素随机区组试验设计,按照直径和高度设置3种容器规格,以园土、育苗土、珍珠岩、蛭石为基质材料,设置5个水平的基质配比,共15种组合,测定不同处理组合下菩提树容器苗的株高、地径和生物量等生长指标以及叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量等生理指标,并进行主成分分析及综合评价。【结果】容器规格和基质配比对菩提树容器苗生长规律的影响显著。6-8月为菩提树容器苗株高的速生期,株高以A1B5处理组合(A1:15 cm×20 cm美植袋;B5:20%园土+30%育苗土+10%珍珠岩+40%蛭石)较优;9月为地径增长的速生期,地径生长以A1B4处理组合(B4:40%园土+30%育苗土+10%珍珠岩+20%蛭石)较优。不同容器规格处理中,A1处理下菩提树容器苗的生物量、苗木质量指数极显著高于A2(18 cm×23 cm)、A3(20 cm×30 cm)处理,A2处理下叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量等生理指标显著高于A1和A3处理,小规格的容器明显有利于菩提树容器苗株高、地径的生长及生物量的累积。不同基质配比处理中,B5处理下生物量、苗木质量指数、高径比等生长形态指标以及叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量等生理指标均显著高于其他基质配比处理。综合评价结果表明,15个容器规格和基质配比的组合中,A2B5、A1B5组合较优。【结论】随着容器规格的增大,菩提树容器苗的苗木质量指数降低,15 cm×20 cm美植袋最适宜菩提树容器苗生物量的累积,为最佳容器规格。20%园土+30%育苗土+10%珍珠岩+40%蛭石为其最佳基质配比,可以更好地促进菩提树容器苗的生长。

基质理化性质对菩提树容器苗的生长效应

以菩提树扦插苗为试验材料,以园土、蛭石、珍珠岩、育苗土为基质,按照一定比例配置成9种基质,研究基质理化性质对菩提树容器苗生长的影响,为菩提树容器苗生长基质配方的优化、利用提供理论依据。结果表明,9种基质配比的容重范围在0.47~0.87 g·cm^(-3),总孔隙度范围65.60%~78.20%,pH 7.07~7.77,电导率范围216~318μS·cm^(-1),有机质含量范围41.5~149.0 g·kg^(-1),全N 1.92~3.37 g·kg^(-1),速效P 13.7~56.8 mg·kg^(-1),速效K 166~451 mg·kg^(-1),理化性质存在显著差异。其中T7的容重最小,电导率、有机质、全N含量最高,T2速效P含量最高,T3速效K含量最高,T8的全N含量、速效P、速效K含量最低。不同基质配比显著影响菩提树容器苗的生长特性,对其生理特性影响不显著。基质的速效P、速效K与菩提树容器苗生物量呈显著负相关。通过主成分分析进行综合评定,结果表明处理T8即V(园土)∶V(育苗土)∶V(珍珠岩)∶V(蛭石)=2∶3∶1∶4,可作为菩提树容器苗生长的最佳基质配比。

菩提树一种新真菌病害初报

该文报道了菩提树的一种新真菌病害。对植株叶绿素含量以及光合放氧能力测定的结果表明,感病植株的叶绿素含量和光合放氧能力分别是健康植株的64.9%和61.0%,同化能力的降低导致植株早衰、死亡。对采集标本的形态特征以及ITS序列比对,鉴定该病原菌为柱状田头菇Agrocybe cylindracea(DC.)Maire的一个双孢菌株。

菩提树一种新病原真菌的分离与鉴定

本文报道了菩提树的一种新病原真菌Ag09,经分离鉴定该病原菌为柱状田头菇的一个双孢菌株。该真菌子实体可在菩提树树干上发生,导致植株早衰、死亡。根据所采集的标本对其形态特征、菌丝体、担子梗数、细胞核数进行了详细的描述。

药用昆虫薄翅螳螂的饲养及应用

文章介绍了薄翅螳螂的生物学特性,人工条件下饲养薄翅螳螂的特殊方法和实用技术,并阐述了薄翅螳螂作为动物中药的药用价值和应用前景,为推广和开发这种资源昆虫服务。

Interaction of Acaena elongata L.with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi under Phosphorus Limitation Conditions in a Temperate Forest

The aim of this study was to analyze the performance of Acaena elongata colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)to different phosphorus(P)concentrations,as a measure of AMF dependency.A.elongata,is a species from soils where P availability is limited,such as temperate forests.Our research questions were:1)How do different P concentrations affect the AMF association in Acaena elongata,and 2)How does the AMF association influence A.elongata’s growth under different P concentrations?A.elongata’s growth,P content in plant tissue,AMF colonization and dependency were measured under four P concentrations:control(0 g P kg^(-1)),low(0.05 g P kg^(-1)),intermediate(0.2 g P kg^(-1))and high(2 g P kg^(-1))in different harvests.A complete randomized block design was applied.A.elongata’s growth was higher under-AMF in intermediate and high P concentrations,and the lowest growth corresponded to+AMF in the low and intermediate P concentration.We observed a negative effect on the root biomass under+AMF in intermediate P concentration,while the P concentration had a positive effect on the leaf area ratio.The AMF colonization in A.elongata decreased in the highest P concentration and it was favored under intermediate P concentration;while the low and the high concentrations generated a cost-benefit imbalance.Our results suggest that the performance of some plant species in soils with low P availability may not be favored by their association with AMF,but a synergy between AMF and intermediate P concentrations might drive A.elongata’s growth.

笼养鹩哥的繁殖行为观察

作者描述了笼养鹩哥 (Graculareligiosa)的营巢、配对、产卵、孵化、育雏等繁殖行为 ,并对个体配置、饲养环境、巢材、产卵日期、孵化、人工育雏等几个关键问题进行了讨论。

菩提树及其在园林绿化中的应用

系统阐述了菩提树的生态特征、引种分布等,剖析了其丰富的文化内涵,并总结了其在城市园林绿化中的应用。

菩提树组织培养技术研究

以菩提树的带芽茎段为外植体,研究了不同外植体消毒时间及外源激素水平对菩提树组织培养的影响。试验结果表明,外植体以0.1%的HgCl2消毒10 min可获得较低的污染率和较高的成活率;初代培养与分化增殖均采用MS为基本培养基,适宜的激素组合分别为NAA 0.1 mg/L+6-BA 1.0mg/L、NAA 0.3 mg/L+6-BA 1.0～2.0 mg/L;试管苗生根培养以1/2 MS+NAA 0.5 mg/L为最佳,生根率达92.5%,植株生长健壮,适于移栽。污染的试管苗在移栽前进行灭菌药剂浸根处理,也可达到较高的成活率,可避免种苗的浪费。

五种杀菌剂防治菩提树黑痣病试验

黑痣病[Phyllachora repens(Corda)Sacc.]是菩提树Ficus religiosa的主要病害。选用代森锰锌、多菌灵、甲基硫菌灵、咪鲜胺和等量式波尔多液5种杀菌剂测定其对菩提树黑痣病病原菌子囊孢子萌发的抑制作用,并用于大田试验。结果表明,波尔多液和代森锰锌对孢子萌发抑制效果最为显著,田间防治试验也以波尔多液和代森锰锌的防效最好。

菩提树黑痣病菌生物学特性及病害发生规律

为了研究菩提树黑痣病的年发生规律、病原菌子囊孢子释放规律及子囊孢子萌发的生物学特性,利用样地调查和实验室测定方法,对广西凭祥市菩提树黑痣病进行了调查。结果表明:菩提树黑痣病病情指数增长量与平均降水量和平均空气相对湿度呈极显著关系,与温度变化呈显著关系,与平均相对孢子捕捉量呈不显著关系。菩提树黑痣病病情指数增长盛期在4-8月,增长高峰期为6月;室外子囊孢子捕捉量在6月、10-11月出现2个高峰期;菩提树黑痣病菌子囊孢子萌发的最适生长温度为25℃,子囊孢子萌发要求的最低空气相对湿度为90%,3种碳源处理都无法刺激子囊孢子萌发,而3种氮源中的硝酸钠处理可以刺激其萌发。

浙江普陀山岛引种菩提树越冬防寒技术研究

在浙江普陀山岛,对菩提树Ficus religiosa苗采用防冻衣、简易大棚、玻璃温室和对照露天栽植4种处理探究在海岛地区的越冬防寒关键技术,为热带植物在较高纬度地区的引种预测、筛选育种以及栽培和应用提供科学依据。试验表明:相对于对照,防冻衣、简易大棚和玻璃温室均能增加冬季极端低温;不同处理对菩提树造成的冻害级别为:对照>防冻衣>简易大棚>玻璃温室,其中对照的冻害级别为V,为整株死亡;防冻衣和简易大棚的冻害级别是Ⅳ,为主干枯死,干基以下存活;玻璃温室的冻害级别为Ⅱ,只是略微受损。二次越冬试验表明:4种处理措施在暖冬情况下,菩提树的存活率均为100%,但冻害级别和症状、恢复效果有差异。此外,菩提树种苗来源地越靠近普陀山岛、纬度越高、种苗径级越大,其越冬存活率越高。综合得出极端低温是影响菩提树在普陀山岛越冬的关键因素,玻璃温室对菩提树的越冬防寒效果最好。因此,可在海岛地区引种靠近较高纬度区域的大径级热带佛教植物,利用玻璃温室建立佛教植物园。

菩提树栽培及应用技术研究进展

菩提树(Ficus religiosa L.)是重要的佛教植物,具有一定的药用价值,在我国园林绿化中发挥着越来越广泛的作用。本文对菩提树的栽培技术及应用研究进行了概述,为深入开发利用菩提树提供一定的理论参考依据。