Incorporating S-shaped testing-effort functions into NHPP software reliability model with imperfect debugging

Testing-effort（TE） and imperfect debugging（ID） in the reliability modeling process may further improve the fitting and prediction results of software reliability growth models（SRGMs）. For describing the S-shaped varying trend of TE increasing rate more accurately, first, two S-shaped testing-effort functions（TEFs）, i.e.,delayed S-shaped TEF（DS-TEF） and inflected S-shaped TEF（IS-TEF）, are proposed. Then these two TEFs are incorporated into various types（exponential-type, delayed S-shaped and inflected S-shaped） of non-homogeneous Poisson process（NHPP）SRGMs with two forms of ID respectively for obtaining a series of new NHPP SRGMs which consider S-shaped TEFs as well as ID. Finally these new SRGMs and several comparison NHPP SRGMs are applied into four real failure data-sets respectively for investigating the fitting and prediction power of these new SRGMs.The experimental results show that：（i） the proposed IS-TEF is more suitable and flexible for describing the consumption of TE than the previous TEFs;（ii） incorporating TEFs into the inflected S-shaped NHPP SRGM may be more effective and appropriate compared with the exponential-type and the delayed S-shaped NHPP SRGMs;（iii） the inflected S-shaped NHPP SRGM considering both IS-TEF and ID yields the most accurate fitting and prediction results than the other comparison NHPP SRGMs.

Devoting Major Efforts to Developing Shanghai’s Open Education

Shanghai,arelatlvely developed region ofChlna In economy andeducatlon;Isstill facing the critical problem ofhuman resources scarcity and low competence oflabourers In order to become a modern metropolis,one of the Internatlonaleconomlc,nnanclal and trade centres.Statistics show thatthe city Is In need of600,000 highquahtled personnel by 2000.As Shanghai Is speeding up the adjustment ofindustrlalstructure,new and high tech Industries as well as knowledge-Intensive Industries areconstantly springing tip,and even In labourlntenslve Industries,the science andtechnology contentsbave also been Increasing,so It’s extremely urgent to trainurgently needed personnel and improve workers’competence universally.The municipal government of Shanghai thlllks highly of open education,andShanghai Education Commission（SEC）also sets It as one of＊thesion important tasks ofShanghai’s educational development. At present,SEC Is drafting the ninth nve、year plan for educational developmentandthe 2010’s target,ofwhich

Efforts by China's Bicycle Industry to Revive

Bicycles are generally considered "Green Vehicles", with their cheap price and easy maintenance. China, known as the "Kingdom of Bicycles", has the largest output and export volume of whole bikes, but the industry has been in difficulties in recent years. The blind import of international capital is the main reason for the decline of the bicycle industry in the country. In the mid 1980s, cheap labor and optimistic market forecasts attracted international capital to China’s bicycle indus-

Making Efforts to Open up New Prospects for Jiangsu's Foreign Economic Work

The Eighth Five-year Plan period wasa fast growing period for Jiangsu’sforeign economic and technical co-operation. Guided by the policy of seizingopportunities, expanding the opening driveand promoting development, all the staff atthe provincial foreign economic front madeevery effort to fulfill the goal of the sus-tained, fast and healthy development in for-

Seize the Opportunity and Make Efforts to Increase Zhejiang's Export of Mechanical and Electrical Products

Zhejiang’s machine-building industryhas made sustained efforts to increase itsexports through the combination ofindustry and trade. In the past decade,Zhejiang’s export volume of mechanicaland electrical products has increased over 10times, becoming the leading exports fromthe province. Zhejiang has thereforebecome an important province exportingmachinery in China.

STRIVING FOR EXCELLENCE:SHANXI SHOWCASES CPC'S EFFORTS TO BUILD A DISCIPLINED PARTY

The third thematic seminar of the Stories of the Communist Party of China(CPC)series focusing on party-building,with'Building a Well-disciplined Party in All Aspects:The Practice of Shanxi'as its theme,was held in Beijing on June 30.Song Tao,Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee(IDCPC),Luo Huining,Secretary of the CPC Shanxi

Rescue Mission——Cewang Jigmei On Tibet's Effort to Save King Gesar

Recently, we interviewed Cewang Jigmei, President of the Tibet Academy of Social Sciences, on the efforts Tibet has made to save King Gesar.QUESTION: The 31st UNESCO Session held in Paris in October 2001 decided unanimously to include activities to celebrate the millennium anniversary of King Gesar in the list of projects undertaken with UNESCO involvement in 2002-2003. Could you please tell me your views on this?ANSWER: This shows the international recognition of, and appreciation for, the

考虑S型测试工作量函数与不完美排错的软件可靠性模型

为准确描述测试工作量与不完美排错这2种重要测试过程因素对软件可靠性建模的影响,提升软件可靠性模型的拟合与预计精度,提出一种变形S型测试工作量函数,描述测试工作量增长速率随测试时间先增后减的S型增长趋势.在此基础上,分别提出考虑S型测试工作量函数与2种不完美排错假设的指数型非齐次泊松过程(NHPP)软件可靠性模型(即IS-TEFID1和IS-TEFID2).在2组真实失效数据集上,将新提出的2个模型与若干已存在的软件可靠性模型进行对比.实例验证结果显示,本文IS-TEFID2模型在2组失效数据集上的拟合与预计结果均显著好于其他模型,表明在建模过程中同时考虑变形S型测试工作量函数以及不完美排错可以有效地提升模型的拟合与预计性能.

S模式数据链自适应航迹跟踪滤波器设计

如何设计和实现适合空管系统使用的自适应滤波器成为了实现航迹滤波和目标跟踪的关键。首先对飞行器的三维空间运动轨迹建模"拉格朗日"(Lagrange)三阶级数展开,基于此设计了一种兼顾实时性和预测滤波效果的数据处理算法,通过对该滤波器模型稳定性、初始状态、收敛性、滤波参数等的深入分析,提出了一种基于"查表"策略的"残差-新息"估计方法,在保证收敛性的同时兼顾了收敛速度,一系列建模仿真和飞行试验均表明了所论述关键技术的有效性。

Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions through Improving the Life Span of Wooden Power Electric Poles of Eucalyptus saligna

The present work deals with reducing greenhouse gas emissions through improving the life span of wooden power electric poles of Eucalyptus saligna. Indeed, in Sub-Saharan African countries, Cameroon in particular, most of the power line networks are made of wooden supports and according to the Cameroon energy distribution company, wooden poles represent 32% of the causes of death linked to the state of the network. The company’s 2019 annual report indicates that 40,000 wooden poles were in critical condition and should be replaced. A significant number of mechanical failures affecting these supports have been observed. For example, on the HVA/LV power line “D17 Nko- abang” in Yaoundé in Cameroon, less than three years old, 10 (ten) cases of poles falling and/or breaking, due to their mechanical loading, were observed over a period of fewer than nine months, causing an average service stoppage for more than 11 hours and affecting an average of 3280 customers. These incidents lead to questions about how the supports are dimensioned and what load capacities they are designed to support. The aim of this work is, therefore, to suggest a method of dimensioning wooden poles hence reducing green- house gas emissions due to the deforestation by reducing the number of woo- den poles at risk to be replaced on Cameroon’s electricity distribution network. And more specifically, to reduce the number of mechanical failures affecting the wooden supports observed by analyzing the current wooden supports with their loads and to make proposals for improving the actual dimensioning me- thods. From the study carried out, it appears that 449 out of 845 supports, i.e., 53% needed to be replaced or monitored because they support the nominal forces ranging from 85% to 150% of their admissible limit and proposals have been made to improve their dimensioning.

习近平生态文明思想对新时代群众路线的深刻诠释及其现实启示

历史唯物主义认为人民群众是历史的创造者,群众路线是中国共产党的生命线和根本工作路线,其基本要求包括“一切为了群众,一切依靠群众,从群众中来,到群众中去”。在不同的历史时期群众路线的具体内容也有所不同,习近平生态文明思想深刻诠释了新时代群众路线的生态内容。在“一切为了群众”这一要求上,深刻回答了“怎样为人民群众提供良好生态环境”这一重大现实问题,提出从补生态短板、保生态底线、促生态增量等方面为人民群众提供良好生态环境;在“一切依靠群众”这一要求上,科学回答了“依靠人民群众参与生态文明建设的哪些领域”这一重要时代问题,指出依靠人民群众推动“减排”和“增绿”的整体进程,倡导民众践行绿色生活方式、植树造林绿化祖国等。习近平生态文明思想的群众路线蕴涵具有重要的现实启示,一是要深入理解新时代生态文明建设与群众工作的有机统一性,把生态文明建设与群众工作紧密结合起来;二是生态文明建设要遵循“为了群众”的根本原则,着力优化人民群众的生态体验;三是生态文明建设要科学“依靠群众”,更充分地发挥人民群众的主体作用。

“大思政课”视域下红旗渠精神育人进路探析

红旗渠精神具有的价值引领功能与“大思政课”立德树人根本任务高度契合。在“大思政课”视域下,将“思政小课堂”与“社会大课堂”紧密结合,讲好红旗渠的故事、传承好红旗渠精神,对于培育塑造时代新人具有重要意义。要把历史转化为课程,把史料转化为教材,把现场转化为课堂,全力上好红旗渠精神“大思政课”。要不断挖掘红旗渠精神的育人价值,提升红旗渠精神的育人实效,应不断深化红旗渠精神系统研究、打造多维度网络精品展陈、拓展红旗渠精神实践活动。

Supporting China’s Green Efforts

The world’s top banker Robert Zoellick spared no chance to affirm his support for a green China In his first trip to China as World Bank Group President,Robert Zoellick,once a rival of China in its negotiations for WTO accession,carried with him a pre- cious gift:an old photo from 27 years ago.Standing in the picture are China’s former leader Deng Xiaoping and former president of the World Bank,Robert McNamara.

Facing Unemployment (2)——Efforts of Women's Federations

ZHANG Xiuwen lost her job in March 1993 when the Tianjin Photographic Materials Chemical Factory closed due to the intense competition in the emerging market economy. Zhang, who had worked for more than 10 years, panicked when forced to enter the ranks of Tianjin’s 260,000 laid-off workers. While Zhang continued to receive a living allowance from the factory, she was supporting a son in high school, and found it difficult to make ends meet. She resorted to selling

Building Bridges for Better Understanding between Peoples BPAFFC’s Efforts to Enhance People-toPeople Exchanges with Sri Lanka

People’s hearts are the biggest political power. People-to-people ties underpin strong and sustained connectivity, as well as international cooperation on the Belt and Road Initiative. To build bridges for greater understanding between people, the Beijing People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries, together with Beijing Women’s Federation and Beijing

科技金融创新与我国经济增长效应研究——基于科技型中小企业发展视角

经济增长依靠科技推动,科技产业发展需要金融创新助推。阐释了对科技金融创新的理解,基于科技型中小企业发展视角,运用数据图表和IS-LM模型,分析了科技金融创新对经济增长的作用效应。研究结果显示:适度的科技金融创新与经济增长之间存在正相效应;非理性、过度的科技金融创新与经济增长之间会出现负相效应,据此提出政策建议。