Intra-continental deformation and tectonic evolution of the West Junggar Orogenic Belt,Central Asia:Evidence from remote sensing and structural geological analyses

The West Junggar Orogenic Belt(WJOB)in northwestern Xinjiang,China,is located in the core of the western part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB).It has suffered two stage tectonic evolutions in Phanerozoic,before and after the ocean–continental conversion in Late Paleozoic.The later on intracontinental deformation,characterized by the development of the NE-trending West Junggar sinistral strike-slip fault system(WJFS)since Late Carboniferous and Early Permian,and the NW-trending Chingiz-Junggar dextral strike-slip fault(CJF)in Mesozoic and Cenozoic,has an important significance for the tectonic evolution of the WJOB and the CAOB.In this paper,we conduct geometric and kinematic analyses of the WJOB,based on field geological survey and structural interpretation of remote sensing image data.Using some piercing points such as truncated plutons and anticlines,an average magnitude of^73 km for the left-lateral strike-slip is calculated for the Darabut Fault,a major fault of the WJFS.Some partial of the displacement should be accommodated by strike-slip fault-related folds developed during the strike-slip faulting.Circular and curved faults,asymmetrical folds,and irregular contribution of ultramafic bodies,implies potential opposite vertical rotation of the Miao’ergou and the Akebasitao batholiths,resulted from the sinistral strike-slipping along the Darabut Fault.Due to conjugate shearing set of the sinistral WJFS and the dextral CJF since Early Mesozoic,superimposed folds formed with N–S convergence in southwestern part of the WJOB.

Analysis of Rainfall Variability Using Remote Sensing and GIS in North Central Nigeria

The importance of rainfall variability in successfully understanding the dynamics of climate change in any region cannot be overemphasized. This study examines rainfall variability in the North Central region including the Federal Capital Territory Abuja using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) application. The study employed satellite data basically from near real time data of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Thereafter, the point data of rainfall was clipped to the shape file of Nigeria Boundary and interpolation using Inverse Distance Weight (IDW) was done to generate rainfall spatial maps from 2000-2017. The result reveal high temporal variation in rainfall particularly Niger, Plateau, Benue and Nassarawa states. The study therefore recommends close monitoring of periodic pattern of rainfall characteristics in the region by the Nigerian meteorological agency and to encourage farmers into drought tolerant and irrigation farming.

Integrating of Remote Sensing and Airborne Magnetic Data to Outline the Geologic Structural Lineaments That Controlled Mineralization Deposits for the Area around Gabal El-Niteishat, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt

The Gabal (G.) El-Niteishat area lies in the Central Eastern Desert of Egypt which is known for various mineral resources and geological structures. Umm Gheig, Umm Naggat, Umm Shaddad, Wadi (W.) Zeidun and Sigdit represent some important regions that contain mineral deposits in the study area. Various filters such as first vertical derivative (FVD), horizontal gradient magnitude (HGM), tilt derivative (TDR) and near-surface were applied to the airborne magnetic data for the study area to deduce the structural lineaments and magnetic source edges which were controlled by the presence of mineral deposits. Processed Landsat ETM+ images are used for delineating the rock unit boundaries that are exposed in the study area such as serpentinite, metagabbro, metavolcanics and metasediments. Also, band ratios, principal component analysis (PCA) and false-color composite image (Crosta alteration image) were applied to get specific results about the alteration zones. The structural lineaments analysis illustrated that the common trends that affected the study area were NW-SE, NE-SW, E-W and N-S. Integration of remote sensing and airborne magnetic data exhibited the relation between mineralization and structural lineaments.

Simulation of Central Subpixel Location Method in Remote Sensing Multi-View Image

Subpixel localization in image center is one of the key technologies of vision measurement. In order to meet the requirements of accurate calibration and measurement in multi-field, the existing sub-pixel positioning methods are complex, the positioning accuracy is greatly affected by the effect of initial edge extraction, and the positioning accuracy is low. Because remote sensing multi-view images are usually not stationary random signals, in order to better express the non-stationary characteristics of images, random analysis is combined to segment sub-pixel objects in the center of remote sensing images. The accuracy of mark positioning will affect the accuracy of the whole measurement. The control point signs with different characteristics correspond to different recognition methods, so the selection of control point marks should be based on different requirements. It is used to describe the target view from different viewpoints and use the geometric features to retrieve the model library. The matching process uses global and local, statistical and structural target recognition features hierarchically, and is divided into two steps of retrieval and exact matching. The experiment was carried out to verify the effectiveness of the method.

Development of a large-scale remote sensing ecological index in arid areas and its application in the Aral Sea Basin

The Aral Sea Basin in Central Asia is an important geographical environment unit in the center of Eurasia.It is of great significance to the ecological protection and sustainable development of Central Asia to carry out dynamic monitoring and effective evaluation of the eco-environmental quality of the Aral Sea Basin.In this study,the arid remote sensing ecological index(ARSEI)for large-scale arid areas was developed,which coupled the information of the greenness index,the salinity index,the humidity index,the heat index,and the land degradation index of arid areas.The ARSEI was used to monitor and evaluate the eco-environmental quality of the Aral Sea Basin from 2000 to 2019.The results show that the greenness index,the humidity index and the land degradation index had a positive impact on the quality of the ecological environment in the Aral Sea Basin,while the salinity index and the heat index exerted a negative impact on the quality of the ecological environment.The eco-environmental quality of the Aral Sea Basin demonstrated a trend of initial improvement,followed by deterioration,and finally further improvement.The spatial variation of these changes was significant.From 2000 to 2019,grassland and wasteland(saline alkali land and sandy land)in the central and western parts of the basin had the worst ecological environment quality.The areas with poor ecological environment quality are mainly distributed in rivers,wetlands,and cultivated land around lakes.During the period from 2000 to 2019,except for the surrounding areas of the Aral Sea,the ecological environment quality in other areas of the Aral Sea Basin has been improved in general.The correlation coefficients between the change in the eco-environmental quality and the heat index and between the change in the eco-environmental quality and the humidity index were–0.593 and 0.524,respectively.Climate conditions and human activities have led to different combinations of heat and humidity changes in the eco-environmental quality of the Aral Sea Basin.However,human activities had a greater impact.The ARSEI can quantitatively and intuitively reflect the scale and causes of large-scale and long-time period changes of the eco-environmental quality in arid areas;it is very suitable for the study of the eco-environmental quality in arid areas.

利用RemoteApp实现涉密电子信息集中管控系统的安全在线编辑

从涉密电子信息分散存储在用户的电脑、手机或移动存储,到采用涉密电子信息集中管控系统来集中管控涉密电子信息,体现了质的飞跃.然而,涉密电子信息集中管控系统对电子文件的在线编辑必须依赖本地第三方软件,存在失泄密的隐患.提出一种基于RemoteApp的安全在线编辑方法,从根本上巩固了电子信息在编辑环节的安全性.

Spatio-temporal Evolution of Urban Expansion Based on a Novel Adjusted Index and GEE: A Case Study of Central Plains Urban Agglomeration, China

It is crucial to investigate the urban agglomerations spatio-temporal evolution patterns and driving factors for analyzing the urban spatial structure-functional division and promoting the coordinated development of urban agglomerations.In this study,a novel vegetation-building-nighttime light-adjusted index(VBNAI)was established for rapid and effective mapping of urban construction land(UCL)in Central Plains Urban Agglomeration(CPUA),China during 2000–2020 based on Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform.Compared with traditional indices,VBNAI can significantly decrease the blooming effect,Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)saturation,and soil background of nighttime light data.In addition,the urban expansion indices and standard deviation ellipse model were synthetically adopted to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution pattern of urban expansion.The gravity model and the geographically weighted regression model were employed to determine the spatial interaction forces and drivers of urban expansion,respectively.The results showed that the VBNAI index has obvious advantages in efficiency and accuracy to extract UCL with the overall accuracy of more than 91%.The UCL of CPUA had increased by 4489.84 km2 during 2000–2020 with the gravity center moving towards southeast continuously.From 2000 to 2010,the urban expansion was in a‘center-hinterland’pattern which had benefit from the favorable effect of the traffic shaft belt.During 2010–2020,the urban network structure had basically established.Urban expansion had been influenced by a variety of socio-economic and demographic factors,and the impact degree varied from region to region.This study could provide scientific references for facilitating the intensive utilization of urban resources and optimizing the spatial development pattern of urban agglomeration.

基于变化更新的中东欧国家森林覆盖制图

[目的]分析中东欧国家森林资源覆盖状况,了解中东欧各国林业的现实情形和独特优势,为中国与中东欧国家加强林业合作提供基础数据。[方法]基于Google Earth Engine(GEE)平台获取中东欧国家2020年生长季无云影像,利用随机森林算法对影像进行分类,应用连续变化检测和分类算法得到森林变化信息并更新初步分类结果,最终获得中东欧国家土地覆盖分类结果。利用欧盟统计局土地利用/覆盖区域框架调查(LUCAS)数据、目视解译数据以及联合国粮农组织统计数据(FAOSTAT)对本研究分类结果进行验证和评估,结合谷歌高分辨率影像对制图结果进行分析。[结果]本研究分类结果利用LUCAS数据和目视解译数据的森林类型用户精度分别为0.930和0.911,生产者精度分别为0.860和0.956,总体精度分别为0.810和0.881,整体上优于GlobeLand30 2020产品(森林类型用户精度分别为0.920和0.900,生产者精度分别为0.690和0.840,总体精度分别为0.700和0.832)。根据研究结果计算出中东欧国家总体森林覆盖率为39.6%,相比GlobeLand30 2020结果(34.4%),与FAOSTAT的森林覆盖率(40.0%)更接近。目视上看,本制图结果在细节刻画上比GlobeLand30 2020产品更丰富,更能准确反映森林分布特征。截至2020年,中东欧国家森林覆盖呈北部、东南地区和西南地区丰富密集,中部分布广泛且相对较少的特点,爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚、斯洛文尼亚、黑山等国家森林分布茂密,波兰、匈牙利等国家森林分布较为稀少。[结论]针对中东欧国家森林覆盖应用需求,本研究提出基于产品变化更新的森林覆盖制图方法,生产了中东欧国家2020年森林覆盖产品。本研究方法可为大区域森林覆盖制图提供新的借鉴和参考,结果有助于宏观了解中东欧国家森林覆盖状况。

沁水盆地南部郑庄区块中北部煤层气直井增产新技术研究与应用

为提高沁水盆地郑庄区块中北部煤层气直井产量,基于研究区评价井地应力测试资料、压裂裂缝监测资料,分析了研究区直井增产效果差的原因,提出了针对性增产技术,开展了现场对比试验,并对结果进行了分析,结果表明郑庄中北部直井产量低、措施增产效果差的主因为:①研究区以垂直裂缝为主、压裂缝长较短,且随着埋深增加,相同压裂规模形成的裂缝尺寸减小;②随着埋深增加,支撑剂嵌入深度增加,裂缝闭合加快,导致稳产时间短,产气曲线主体形态为“单峰型”;③经初次压裂后煤体结构更加破碎,新裂缝容易进入初次压裂裂缝,造新缝难度增加。针对上述原因,创新提出的充填预堵+大规模压裂+远端支撑增产技术,“充填预堵”即先采用相对较低的排量、砂比、规模充填初次压裂裂缝,然后再进行大规模重复压裂,实现堵老缝、造新缝。“大规模”压裂即大排量、大液量、高砂比压裂,将压裂液量由600~800 m^(3)提高至1300~2000 m^(3)以上,增加改造体积;将排量由6~8 m^(3)/min提高至10~14 m^(3)/min以上,增加裂缝长度和携砂性能;采用低黏压裂液体系配合低密度支撑剂,将砂比由7%~8%提高至10%~15%以上,提高铺砂强度,降低裂缝闭合程度。“远端支撑”即采用自悬浮支撑剂与大排量相结合,增长支撑剂运移距离,提高支撑裂缝比例。充填预堵+大规模压裂+远端支撑增产技术实施后平均单井日产量达到1380 m^(3),比措施前增产1190 m^(3),比邻井稳产气量增加近1000 m^(3),实现了郑庄中北部中深储层连片低产区直井产量突破。现场对比试验表明:实施“充填预堵”后再进行大规模压裂,平均净施工压力比初次压裂增加了3.3 MPa,形成了新裂缝,比直接进行大规模压裂增量提高1000 m^(3)。总体上,充填预堵+大规模压裂+远端支撑增产技术关键参数数值越大,增产效果越好。

起重机远程操作及系统集控技术研究

对铸造起重机智能化研究进行了一次实践与尝试,通过对起重机远程操作及系统集控系统的开发,逐步实现了起重机的智能化,使起重机具备远程集控和自动运行等智能功能,达到“多对多”操作,在提高起重机运行效率、降低人员工作强度等方面取得了预期效果。

Mapping lineaments using Landsat 8 OLI and SRTM data;a case study of the eastern part of the Ouarzazate Basin,Morocco

The integration of remote sensing and geographic information system(GIS)was employed in this study to delineate the structural lineaments within the eastern section of the Ouarzazate Basin,situated between the southern front of the Central High Atlas and the northern slopes of the Eastern Anti-Atlas(also known as the Saghro Massif).To achieve this objective,Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager(OLI)and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission(SRTM)data were used.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)was computed and a directional filter was applied to the first PCA and the panchromatic band(B8).Additionally,shading was applied to the SRTM data in four directions;N0°,N45°,N90°,N135°.After removing of the non-geological linear structures,the results obtained,using the automatic extraction method,allowed us to produce a synthetic map that included 1251 lineaments with an average length of 1331 m and was dominated by NE-SW,ENE-WSW and E-W directions,respectively.However,the high lineament density is clearly noted in the Anti-Atlas(Saghro Massif)and at the level of the northern part,extending from the Ait Ibrirne to Arg-Ali Oubourk villages.High lineament density can always be found around the major faults affecting this area.The data collected during the field investigations and from geological maps show that the major direction of the faults and structural accidents range mostly between N45°,N70°and N75°.The correlation of remote sensing results with those collected in the field shows a similarity and coincidence with each other.From these results,it is possible to consider the automatic extraction method as a supplementary kind that can serve classical geology by quickly enriching it with additional data.As shown in this work,this method provides more information when applied in arid areas where the fields are well outcropped.

煤矿用自动化钻机远程控制系统的研制

针对钻机在复杂施工环境下所面临的劳动强度大以及安全风险高等问题,采用电子电路技术、测量传感技术、远程控制技术、视频监测技术以及大数据技术,研制出一套适用于煤矿自动化钻机的远程监控系统。该系统以ZDY4500LFK型煤矿用钻机为主体,实现了视距内控制、井下集控以及地面远程监控3种控制模式,并构建了云端自动化钻机管控平台。具体而言,视距内监控模式通过遥控器、控制器及配套传感器,实现了对井下视觉范围内钻机的精确操作;井下集控模式则集成了集控舱、隔爆兼本安型计算机、本安显示器、隔爆兼本安型交换机、本安摄像头以及本安操控箱等设备,实现了对井下危险钻场的钻机远距离安全监控;地面监控模式则通过地面操控台、地面服务器、显示器、交换机以及AI智能分析盒子等设备,为自动化钻机的地面远程监控提供了有力支持。此外,云端自动化钻机管控平台则主要用于自动化钻机群运行状态和施工状态的数据统计与分析。研制的远程控制系统应用于ZDY4500LFK、ZDY6500LDK型钻机,并实现了视距内遥控、井下集控以及地面远距离控制等多种控制方式的稳定运行。现场试验和测试研究结果表明:(1)钻机视距内遥控系统遥控器按键丰富、控制器具有CAN、RS485等丰富的接口,手机升级便捷方便,可广泛应用于钻机电控化升级和改造。(2)远程集中控制系统可以实现10km距离的远程控制,控制响应时间小于200ms。视频、参数采集数据响应及时无卡滞,可以满足井下钻机远程监控的需求。(3)地面远程监控系统可以实现地面钻机远程监控并具有AI识别功能,可实现人员闯入预警和停机功能。(4)自动化钻机管控平台经过功能、压力、并行、访问测试,功能正常,响应及时,系统无崩溃,可用于自动化钻机数据和工况的统计分析。该控制系统的应用在保证钻孔施工安全的同时也为煤矿钻机实现少人化、智能化、信息化提供了借鉴。

基于混合效应模型的滇中地区云南松林地上生物量遥感模型研究

确定云南松林生物量光学遥感估测饱和值,探索提高生物量估测精度。以滇中地区云南松林为研究对象,在研究云南松林光学遥感生物量饱和值的基础上,基于生物量-光谱指数回归模型,考虑区域效应,龄组效应以及嵌套两水平(区域+龄组)构建云南松林地上生物量混合效应预估模型,以消除饱和现象带来的预估误差影响。结果表明,NDVI、NLI、G光谱指数生物量饱和值分别为216、151、205 t/hm^(2)。各效应水平混合模型无论拟合指标和独立性检验均优于回归模型,从“刀切法”残差检验结果上看,混合效应模型在低生物量段和高生物量段均降低了回归模型的估测平均残差。综合分析,混合效应模型在一定程度上消除了饱和现象的敏感程度,可有效提高云南松林分生物量的估测精度。

代县矿业110 kV老式变电站智能化改造及实践

为了实现代县矿业110 kV老式变电站精益化管理,提高设备监控强度,加强运维管理细度,针对变电战运维管理模式陈旧,大量工作仍需人工手动操作,现场操作人员频繁往返等问题,采用现代通信与信息技术、一体化平台系统构建技术、智能控制技术等对变电站进行了一系列智能化改造。改造后,110 kV变电站实现了远程集控、区域维检、无人值守等功能,有效提高了变电站的自动化控制水平,达到了降本增效的目的。

黄河流域中原城市群生态环境质量遥感动态监测与分析

【目的】分析1985—2021年黄河流域中原城市群生态环境质量。【方法】以1985—2021年陆地卫星Landsat-5TM和Landsat-8OLI遥感影像作为数据源,基于谷歌地球引擎,利用改进型遥感生态指数(ERSEI)对黄河流域中原城市群生态环境质量进行遥感动态监测与分析。利用Theil-Sen趋势分析和Mann-Kendall检验分析ERSEI变化趋势的方向和显著性。【结果】1985—2021年,黄河流域中原城市群ERSEI的平均值介于0.48~0.62,增速为0.024/10 a。ERSEI在空间上呈四周区域高、中部区域低的分布模式,中原城市群的西部、中部和西南部地区的ERSEI较低,而南部和东北部地区的ERSEI较高。大部分地区的ERSEI表现出增加趋势,其中显著增加趋势的面积比例为11.48%,仅有5.76%的区域表现出显著下降趋势,33.16%区域的ERSEI相对稳定。【结论】研究区城镇建设用地不断增加,导致耕地面积持续减少,在中原城市群核心城区,受城市扩张、热岛效应的影响,生态环境质量变差,出现了显著退化趋势。

基于数据挖掘的梯级水电站远程集控安全风险多维感知

为实现对梯级水电站运行状态和所处环境的全面监测和管理,基于多维数据挖掘技术,研究了新的梯级水电站远程集控安全风险感知方法。结合事故致因理论构建梯级分析模型;根据风险事故分析模型,全面辨识安全风险要素;选择分层因素判断矩阵,对梯级安全风险要素特征排序;按照重要度排序情况,应用多维数据挖掘技术处理实时数据,挖掘出实时数据中风险要素,实现梯级水电站远程集控安全风险感知。实验以7级水电站作为测试对象,通过历史风险事故数据的整理模拟水电站60个月的运行情况,所研究方法可以实现梯级水电站远程集控安全风险感知,具有应用价值。

远程集控模式在小型渗沥液处理站中的应用

近些年随着网络通讯技术、自动控制技术、信息技术的飞速发展,远程控制、集中控制等概念慢慢兴起,逐步取代原有的生产运行与管理模式,成为各领域产业变革的重要驱动力。本文针对小型渗沥液处理站的运行成本分析,以“降本增效”为核心,以数字化转型为契机,提出小型渗沥液处理站通过设备异地操作、视频异地监控、运行集约平台,去打造“远程集控”的新型运行模式。在保证渗沥液运行业务可持续发展的同时,提升运行的整体竞争力,并总结其应用在降本增效方面的优势。

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阐述了智能化采煤工作面装备技术应用的研究背景,介绍了智能化采煤工作面主要装备的关键技术特点,指出了主要装备技术的创新点及主要突破点,并分析了现场实际应用过程中取得的经济、社会和安全效益,为智能化采煤工作面装备配套及安全高效生产提供了技术保障。

基于便携式KVM控制器的中心机房服务器远程监控方法

为了提高对中心机房服务器远程监控的效果,本文讨论并提出了一种基于便携式KVM控制器的中心机房服务器远程监控方法。该方法基于便携式KVM控制器完成服务器远程监控硬件的架构设计,并以此为基础完成服务器监测模块、参数管理模块和操作管理模型的设计。本文通过实例验证了本文所提方法的可行性和先进性。实验结果表明,采用本文所提的方法可以对中心机房服务器进行良好地监控,且监控准确率较高,具有一定的推广应用价值。

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常规的新能源远程集控应急通信节点覆盖区域小,为此提出基于5G通信架构的新能源远程集控应急通信方法设计。先明确能源远程集控通信指标,扩大通信覆盖区域,设定多层级通信节点及数据采集,然后构建5G通信架构能源远程集控应急通信模型,采用自适应辅助调度实现应急通信处理。测试结果表明:最终得出的应急通信通信时延被较好地控制在0.15 s以下,说明在5G通信架构的辅助与支持下,所设计的应急通信方法更为高效。