Sequential C–H bond addition with two different coupling partners is a powerful method for the rapid and modular construction of complex molecules based on simple starting materials.Herein,an efficient ruthenium-cata...Sequential C–H bond addition with two different coupling partners is a powerful method for the rapid and modular construction of complex molecules based on simple starting materials.Herein,an efficient ruthenium-catalysed multicomponent long-range C–H functionalization of 2H-imidazoles was developed.This protocol showed good substrate suitability and yielded alkyl arylation products with potential biological activity.展开更多
Poor bioavailability and undefined major/direct targets are two major obstacles for herbal medicines and natural products（NPs） to elucidate their precise mechanisms in vivo. Gut microbiota is an important bridge bet...Poor bioavailability and undefined major/direct targets are two major obstacles for herbal medicines and natural products（NPs） to elucidate their precise mechanisms in vivo. Gut microbiota is an important bridge between eukayotic body and environment, which can interact with a majority of medicines with poor bioavailability and mediate their in vivo pharmacological activities. There are two main modes through which gut microbiota may mediate the pharmacological effects of NPs. First, gut microbiota catabolizes the NPs in herbal medicines into secondary metabolites with higher bioavialability and/or higher activity, facilitating the NPs enter circulation and exert beneficial impact at the pathological spot. Second, herbal medicines and NPs can favorably shift the compositional structure of gut microbiota, thereby performing remote functions to diseased organs/tissues via the systemic impaction of gut microbiota. In this review, the potential pathways were summarized through which gut microbes facilitate the pharmacological functions of herbal medicines and NPs and highlight the significance of gut microbiota in clarifying the in vivo mechanisms of herbal medicines and NPs.展开更多
基金financial support from 111 Project B18035“the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities”。
文摘Sequential C–H bond addition with two different coupling partners is a powerful method for the rapid and modular construction of complex molecules based on simple starting materials.Herein,an efficient ruthenium-catalysed multicomponent long-range C–H functionalization of 2H-imidazoles was developed.This protocol showed good substrate suitability and yielded alkyl arylation products with potential biological activity.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81673663)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS 2016-I2M-3-015)
文摘Poor bioavailability and undefined major/direct targets are two major obstacles for herbal medicines and natural products（NPs） to elucidate their precise mechanisms in vivo. Gut microbiota is an important bridge between eukayotic body and environment, which can interact with a majority of medicines with poor bioavailability and mediate their in vivo pharmacological activities. There are two main modes through which gut microbiota may mediate the pharmacological effects of NPs. First, gut microbiota catabolizes the NPs in herbal medicines into secondary metabolites with higher bioavialability and/or higher activity, facilitating the NPs enter circulation and exert beneficial impact at the pathological spot. Second, herbal medicines and NPs can favorably shift the compositional structure of gut microbiota, thereby performing remote functions to diseased organs/tissues via the systemic impaction of gut microbiota. In this review, the potential pathways were summarized through which gut microbes facilitate the pharmacological functions of herbal medicines and NPs and highlight the significance of gut microbiota in clarifying the in vivo mechanisms of herbal medicines and NPs.
