微纳卫星与非合作翻滚目标对接的模型预测控制

针对多约束下微纳卫星与非合作翻滚目标对接过程中的位置跟踪与姿态同步问题,设计了基于模型预测控制(MPC)的对接控制器。首先,考虑动力学耦合问题,建立了六自由度姿轨耦合相对动力学模型。然后,充分考虑了可能存在的实际工程约束,包括输入饱和约束、移动过程中的速度约束、追踪星光学设备视场约束、安全接近走廊约束等,设计了基于MPC的对接控制器,确保精确完成对接操作的同时尽量减少推进剂消耗以获得最优接近轨迹。最后,仿真结果说明了本文所提出控制策略的有效性和鲁棒性,所设计控制器可以在满足多种约束的基础上,实现微纳卫星对非合作翻滚目标的对接,并对干扰具有鲁棒性。

Necessary and sufficient conditions of the rendezvous between a single spacecraft and three non-coplanar Walker constellation satellites

The probability of the rendezvous between a single spacecraft and three non-coplanar constellation satellites is studied,and the necessary and sufficient conditions of the rendezvous without orbital maneuver are deduced.The rendezvous orbit design can be transformed into the patching of two spacecraft orbits,either of which can achieve the rendezvous with two satellites.Firstly,due to the precious quality of spherical geometry,the unique existence of the rendezvous orbit for two constellation satellites is proved.Then,according to the difference between equispaced and non-equispaced orbital planes of three satellites,the necessary and sufficient conditions are given respectively,and the calculating method of the spacecraft orbit is proposed.At last,the constraint conditions between two different rendezvous orbits is derived,while the relative position of two groups of objects are under specific distribution.The results can be applied to the rendezvous between a single spacecraft and multiple constellation satellites without orbital maneuver.

单航天器无需变轨与Walker星座多星交会的充分条件及特性分析

以Walker星座为研究对象,对单航天器无需变轨实现多星交会的问题展开研究。从Walker星座相位同构特性出发,得到了单航天器无需变轨能够对多颗星座卫星交会的充分条件,对交会的星座卫星的数目和星座卫星组合等问题进行了研究。在此基础上,提出了利用解析法求解交会轨道的轨道设计方法,并对交会轨道的特性进行了分析。对交会更多星座卫星(大于3颗)的可能性展开了讨论。研究结果可为单航天器无需变轨对星座多星交会提供理论依据。