Since the worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)has received widespread attention as the cell receptor of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus.At the ...Since the worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)has received widespread attention as the cell receptor of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus.At the same time,as a key enzyme in the renin-angiotensin-system,ACE2 is considered to be an endogenous negative regulator of vasoconstriction,proliferation,fibrosis,and proinflammation caused by the ACE-angiotensin II-angiotensin type 1 receptor axis.ACE2 is now implicated as being closely connected to diabetes,cardiovascular,kidney,and lung diseases,and so on.This review covers the available information on the host factors regulating ACE2 and discusses its role in a variety of pathophysiological conditions in animal models and humans.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the effect of β-blockade on angiotensins in the splanchnic and peripheral circulation of cirrhotic patients and also to compare hemodynamic parameters during liver transplantation according to propran...AIM:To evaluate the effect of β-blockade on angiotensins in the splanchnic and peripheral circulation of cirrhotic patients and also to compare hemodynamic parameters during liver transplantation according to propranolol pre-treatment or not. METHODS:Patients were allocated into two groups:outpatients with advanced liver disease(LD) and during liver transplantation(LT). Both groups were subdivided according to treatment with propranolol or not. Plasma was collected through peripheral venipuncture to determine plasma renin activity(PRA),Angiotensin(Ang) Ⅰ,Ang Ⅱ,and Ang-(1-7) levels by radioimmunoassay in LD group. During liver transplantation,hemodynamic parameters were determined and blood samples were obtained from the portal vein to measure renin angiotensin system(RAS) components.RESULTS:PRA,Ang Ⅰ,Ang Ⅱ and Ang-(1-7) were signifi cantly lower in the portal vein and periphery in all subgroups treated with propranolol as compared to non-treated. The relationships between Ang-(1-7) and Ang Ⅰ levels and between Ang Ⅱ and Ang Ⅰ were significantly increased in LD group receiving propranolol. The ratio between Ang-(1-7) and Ang Ⅱ remained unchanged in splanchnic and peripheral circulation in patients under β-blockade,whereas the relationship between Ang Ⅱ and Ang Ⅰ was significantly increased in splanchnic circulation of LT patients treated with propranolol. During liver transplantation,cardiac output and index as well systemic vascular resistance and index were reduced in propranolol-treated subgroup. CONCLUSION:In LD group,propranolol treatment reduced RAS mediators,but did not change the ratio between Ang-(1-7) and Ang Ⅱ in splanchnic and peripheral circulation. Furthermore,the modification of hemodynamic parameters in propranolol treated patients was not associated with changes in the angiotensin ratio.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81873861and Key Grant of Research and Development in Hunan Province,No.2020DK2002.
文摘Since the worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)has received widespread attention as the cell receptor of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus.At the same time,as a key enzyme in the renin-angiotensin-system,ACE2 is considered to be an endogenous negative regulator of vasoconstriction,proliferation,fibrosis,and proinflammation caused by the ACE-angiotensin II-angiotensin type 1 receptor axis.ACE2 is now implicated as being closely connected to diabetes,cardiovascular,kidney,and lung diseases,and so on.This review covers the available information on the host factors regulating ACE2 and discusses its role in a variety of pathophysiological conditions in animal models and humans.
基金Supported by FAPEMIG (Fundao de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais)CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico)PRONEX (Grupos de Excelência)
文摘AIM:To evaluate the effect of β-blockade on angiotensins in the splanchnic and peripheral circulation of cirrhotic patients and also to compare hemodynamic parameters during liver transplantation according to propranolol pre-treatment or not. METHODS:Patients were allocated into two groups:outpatients with advanced liver disease(LD) and during liver transplantation(LT). Both groups were subdivided according to treatment with propranolol or not. Plasma was collected through peripheral venipuncture to determine plasma renin activity(PRA),Angiotensin(Ang) Ⅰ,Ang Ⅱ,and Ang-(1-7) levels by radioimmunoassay in LD group. During liver transplantation,hemodynamic parameters were determined and blood samples were obtained from the portal vein to measure renin angiotensin system(RAS) components.RESULTS:PRA,Ang Ⅰ,Ang Ⅱ and Ang-(1-7) were signifi cantly lower in the portal vein and periphery in all subgroups treated with propranolol as compared to non-treated. The relationships between Ang-(1-7) and Ang Ⅰ levels and between Ang Ⅱ and Ang Ⅰ were significantly increased in LD group receiving propranolol. The ratio between Ang-(1-7) and Ang Ⅱ remained unchanged in splanchnic and peripheral circulation in patients under β-blockade,whereas the relationship between Ang Ⅱ and Ang Ⅰ was significantly increased in splanchnic circulation of LT patients treated with propranolol. During liver transplantation,cardiac output and index as well systemic vascular resistance and index were reduced in propranolol-treated subgroup. CONCLUSION:In LD group,propranolol treatment reduced RAS mediators,but did not change the ratio between Ang-(1-7) and Ang Ⅱ in splanchnic and peripheral circulation. Furthermore,the modification of hemodynamic parameters in propranolol treated patients was not associated with changes in the angiotensin ratio.
