BACKGROUND The reparability of large or massive rotator cuff tears is difficult to determine preoperatively.We previously identified age≥65 years,acromiohumeral interval≤6 mm,and anteroposterior tear size≥22 mm as ...BACKGROUND The reparability of large or massive rotator cuff tears is difficult to determine preoperatively.We previously identified age≥65 years,acromiohumeral interval≤6 mm,and anteroposterior tear size≥22 mm as risk factors for rotator cuff repair failure.We therefore developed a rotator cuff reparability score where each of the above risk factors is assigned a score of one point.AIM To determine the accuracy of a rotator cuff reparability score.METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of recruited patients with large or massive rotator cuff tears treated at our institution between January 2013 and December 2019.Exclusion criteria were revision surgery and patients with contraindications for surgery.All patients underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and were categorized into either complete or partial rotator cuff repair.Rotator cuff reparability scores were calculated for each patient.The sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive value,and positive and negative likelihood ratio were assessed.A receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to determine the optimal cut-off rotator cuff reparability score.RESULTS Eighty patients(mean age,61 years;range,25–84 years;41 females and 39 males)were recruited.Intra-and inter-observer reliabilities were good to excellent.The number of patients with 0,1,2,and 3 risk factors for rotator cuff repair failure were 24,33,17,and 6,respectively.Complete repair was performed in all patients without risk factors.Two of the 33 patients with one risk factor and seven of the 17 patients with two risk factors underwent partial repair.One of the six patients with three risk factors underwent complete repair.The area under the curve was 0.894.The optimal cut-off score was two points with a sensitivity of 85.71%and a specificity of 83.33%.CONCLUSION A rotator cuff reparability score of two was determined to be the optimal cut-off score for predicting the reparability of large or massive rotator cuff tears.展开更多
Coal-fired electricity enterprises are caught in the dilemma of relative fixed prices and rising costs under the scenario of decarbonization.Meanwhile,soaring market-oriented coal pricing results in coal enterprises’...Coal-fired electricity enterprises are caught in the dilemma of relative fixed prices and rising costs under the scenario of decarbonization.Meanwhile,soaring market-oriented coal pricing results in coal enterprises’increasing defaults on thermal coal medium-and long-term contracts(MLC).To investigate the implementation of MLC at the micro-level,this study formalized the contractual behaviors of coal and coal-fired electricity enterprises based on the asymmetric evolutionary game.We formalized the evolving behaviors of both parties using replicator dynamics equations and proved that there were two evolutionary stabilization strategies(ESSs):compliance and coal enterprises’unilateral default.A multi-agent-based simulation was applied to verify the evolving process of ESSs and determine the critical values of MLC design by sensitive analysis.From the simulation results,coal-fired electricity enterprises do not stop generation under the current carbon quota allocation mechanism,even if carbon emission trading increases electricity generation costs.Coal enterprises choose to“default”when the market price of coal is higher than the contracted price by 18%.However,if the original reparation is increased by 5%,the compliance rate of the coal enterprises improves.Dynamic reparations embedded in the MLC improved enforcement during the contracting period.Moreover,the proposed policy implications have practical significance for enhancing the coordinated operation of coal-electricity energy supply chains.展开更多
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world while the long-term prognosis is still unfavorable, despite the enormous efforts in the search for effective anti-cancer drugs. We think that the obstacle for ...Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world while the long-term prognosis is still unfavorable, despite the enormous efforts in the search for effective anti-cancer drugs. We think that the obstacle for creating of effective anti-cancer drugs could be existing idea that the basis of cancer is caused by the damage of the genetic apparatus of the cell. In this paper, we present the pathogenesis of cancer which is based on the formation of the special sustainable pathophysiological state of the organism what we call the state of “cancer reparative trap”. The essence of this pathophysiological state of the organism is in the reparative orientation of the immune system of cancer patients, when constant tissue repair is accompanied by systemic suppression of the anti-tumor immunity. Specifically, during the long-term exposure to carcinogens (exogenous and/or endogenous), the continuous tissue damage occurs which induces permanent stimulation of cell proliferation (imbalanced Th1 < Th2 lymphocytes, M1 < M2 macrophages, inflammation, angiogenesis, etc.) in order to repair the tissues damaged. At the same time, tissue repair is necessarily accompanied by the suppression of anti-tumor immunity (increase in T-regulatory cells, imbalanced Th1 Th2 lymphocytes, M1 < M2 macrophages et al.), which creates the necessary conditions for the survival of the malignantly transformed cells, formed by the action of carcinogens. The determining role of the imbalance in the autonomous nervous system (simpathetic/hypersympathetic dominance) in the development, maintenance and generalization of the cancer process has been shown. The explanation of a number of phenomena has been presented: the cell resistance to chemotherapy, and the phenomenon of cancer cell dormancy. The promising approaches for the cancer management in clinical practice have been proposed.展开更多
Giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG) is a rare, benign tumour that mostly involves the maxilla and mandible. It is rare in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Here we report a case of GCRG of nasal cavity in 24-...Giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG) is a rare, benign tumour that mostly involves the maxilla and mandible. It is rare in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Here we report a case of GCRG of nasal cavity in 24-year-old man who came with unilateral nasal obstruction, epistaxis and proptosis. CT scan showed soft tissue hypodensity lesion of left nasal cavity. Endoscopic surgical excision and biopsy were done. The pathology was consistent with GCRG. There was no recurrence seen on follow-up for 2 years. A short literature review about diagnosis, clinical behavior, radiological findings and treatment of this tumor entity are given.展开更多
The current immunooncology artificially ignores the connection with lymphopoiesis, though is only its derivative. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) provide physiological regeneration of biomass of the host, fetus, and ma...The current immunooncology artificially ignores the connection with lymphopoiesis, though is only its derivative. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) provide physiological regeneration of biomass of the host, fetus, and malignant tumors, as well, as the cells’ reparation after sub-lethally injuring in any tissues and their renewal. HSC, especially of lymphoid lineage, are the most vulnerable of those, which are responsible for viability of organism. Natural and artificial deficits of HSC determine aging, multi-organs syndromes and death of the host, because their current proliferative resource (CPR) is individually limited at birth, and is spending irreversibly during wounds’ healing, pregnancy, tumor growth, and on. CPR, being an integral value of the number of stem cells along the length of their telomeres, is a “shagreen skin”, for which the tumor competes with normal tissues as a quasi-embryonic favorite and winner, especially in the final period of a shortening the life. The primary approach to cancer treatment must prioritize the preservation of CPR remnants, rather than their destruction, in order to temporarily halt the malignant process. The re-targeting of HSC from tumors in favor of normal tissues is the immediate objective of competitive therapy, which allows for preserving the rest of the CPR host’s resources, especially in patients with advanced cancer. However, the contradictory and insignificant practically, the dogma of antitumor cellular immunity continues to dominate and hinder progress in oncology.展开更多
In this paper, we give a reliability anlysis of some queueing modesl with reparable service station. By using the method of supplementary variable,we obtained some system characters and reliability indices of the ser...In this paper, we give a reliability anlysis of some queueing modesl with reparable service station. By using the method of supplementary variable,we obtained some system characters and reliability indices of the service station.展开更多
In the face of harsh natural environment applications such as earth-orbiting and deep space satellites, underwater sea vehicles, strong electromagnetic interference and temperature stress,the circuits faults appear ea...In the face of harsh natural environment applications such as earth-orbiting and deep space satellites, underwater sea vehicles, strong electromagnetic interference and temperature stress,the circuits faults appear easily. Circuit faults will inevitably lead to serious losses of availability or impeded mission success without self-repair over the mission duration. Traditional fault-repair methods based on redundant fault-tolerant technique are straightforward to implement, yet their area, power and weight cost can be excessive. Moreover they utilize all plug-in or component level circuits to realize redundant backup, such that their applicability is limited. Hence, a novel selfrepair technology based on evolvable hardware（EHW） and reparation balance technology（RBT） is proposed. Its cost is low, and fault self-repair of various circuits and devices can be realized through dynamic configuration. Making full use of the fault signals, correcting circuit can be found through EHW technique to realize the balance and compensation of the fault output-signals. In this paper, the self-repair model was analyzed which based on EHW and RBT technique, the specific self-repair strategy was studied, the corresponding self-repair circuit fault system was designed, and the typical faults were simulated and analyzed which combined with the actual electronic devices. Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed fault self-repair strategy was feasible. Compared to traditional techniques, fault self-repair based on EHW consumes fewer hardware resources, and the scope of fault self-repair was expanded significantly.展开更多
目的探讨富白细胞-血小板纤维蛋白(leukocyte-and platelet-rich fibrin,L-PRF)作为盖髓剂对大鼠牙髓炎症调节的作用。方法脂多糖(LPS)构建牙髓炎大鼠模型,30只大鼠随机分成5组,即正常对照组、LPS造模组、iRoot BP PLUS组、L-PRF组、L-P...目的探讨富白细胞-血小板纤维蛋白(leukocyte-and platelet-rich fibrin,L-PRF)作为盖髓剂对大鼠牙髓炎症调节的作用。方法脂多糖(LPS)构建牙髓炎大鼠模型,30只大鼠随机分成5组,即正常对照组、LPS造模组、iRoot BP PLUS组、L-PRF组、L-PRF+iRoot BP PLUS组。直接盖髓14 d后取标本行显微CT(Micro-CT)扫描、苏木精-伊红(HE)及Masson染色、定量实时聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)检测,观察牙髓炎症及硬组织形成程度。结果Micro-CT示:LPS组未见硬组织形成,L-PRF组冠髓内可见斑块状钙化物,BP组及联合组在穿髓孔处见较完整的钙化桥。组织学染色示:LPS组炎症最重、无硬组织形成;联合组炎症最轻,硬组织形成最完整、连续,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);BP组与联合组的炎症及硬组织形成程度均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。qRT-PCR结果示:各实验组牙髓组织中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6 mRNA相对表达水平相较于LPS组均有所降低,但L-PRF组与LPS组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论L-PRF联合iRoot BP PLUS作为复合盖髓材料,可用于大鼠牙髓炎牙髓组织修复以及牙髓炎症调节。展开更多
BACKGROUND Flexible flatfoot(FFF)is a very common condition in children,but no evidencebased guidelines or assessment tools exist.Yet,surgical indication is left to the surgeon’s experience and preferences.AIM To dev...BACKGROUND Flexible flatfoot(FFF)is a very common condition in children,but no evidencebased guidelines or assessment tools exist.Yet,surgical indication is left to the surgeon’s experience and preferences.AIM To develop a functional clinical score for FFF[Catania flatfoot(CTF)score]and a measure of internal consistency;to evaluate inter-observer and intra-observer reliability of the CTF Score;to provide a strong tool for proper FFF surgical indication.METHODS CTF is a medically compiled score of four main domains for a total of twelve items:Patient features,Pain,Clinical Parameters,and Functionality.Each item refers to a specific rate.Five experienced observers answered 10 case reports according to the CTF.To assess inter-and intra-observer reliability of the CTF score,the intra-class correlation coefficients’(ICCs)statistics test was performed,as well as to gauge the correlation between the CTF score and the surgical or conservative treatment indication.Values of 75%were chosen as the score cut-off for surgical indication.Sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio(PLHR),negative likelihood ratio(NLHR),positive predictive value(PPV),and negative predictive value(NPV).RESULTS Overall interobserver reliability ICC was 0.87[95%confidence interval(CI):0.846-0.892;P<0.001].Overall intra-observer reliability ICC was 0.883(95%CI:0.854-0.909;P<0.001).A direct correlation between the CTF score and surgical treatment indication[Pearson correlation coefficient=0.94(P<0.001)]was found.According to the 75%cut-off,the sensitivity was 100%(95%CI:83.43%-100%),specificity was 85.71%(95%CI:75.29%-92.93%),PLHR was 7(95%CI:3.94-12.43),NLHR was 0(95%CI:0-0),PPV was 75%(95%CI:62.83%-84.19%)and NPV was 100%(95%CI:100%-100%).CONCLUSION CTF represents a useful tool for orthopedic surgeons in the FFF evaluation.The CTF score is a quality questionnaire to reproduce suitable clinical research,survey studies,and clinical practice.Moreover,the 75%cutoff is an important threshold for surgical indication and helps in the decision-making process.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND The reparability of large or massive rotator cuff tears is difficult to determine preoperatively.We previously identified age≥65 years,acromiohumeral interval≤6 mm,and anteroposterior tear size≥22 mm as risk factors for rotator cuff repair failure.We therefore developed a rotator cuff reparability score where each of the above risk factors is assigned a score of one point.AIM To determine the accuracy of a rotator cuff reparability score.METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of recruited patients with large or massive rotator cuff tears treated at our institution between January 2013 and December 2019.Exclusion criteria were revision surgery and patients with contraindications for surgery.All patients underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and were categorized into either complete or partial rotator cuff repair.Rotator cuff reparability scores were calculated for each patient.The sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive value,and positive and negative likelihood ratio were assessed.A receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to determine the optimal cut-off rotator cuff reparability score.RESULTS Eighty patients(mean age,61 years;range,25–84 years;41 females and 39 males)were recruited.Intra-and inter-observer reliabilities were good to excellent.The number of patients with 0,1,2,and 3 risk factors for rotator cuff repair failure were 24,33,17,and 6,respectively.Complete repair was performed in all patients without risk factors.Two of the 33 patients with one risk factor and seven of the 17 patients with two risk factors underwent partial repair.One of the six patients with three risk factors underwent complete repair.The area under the curve was 0.894.The optimal cut-off score was two points with a sensitivity of 85.71%and a specificity of 83.33%.CONCLUSION A rotator cuff reparability score of two was determined to be the optimal cut-off score for predicting the reparability of large or massive rotator cuff tears.
基金supported by the Fund of Education Ministry Humanity and Society (No. 18YJCZH016)
文摘Coal-fired electricity enterprises are caught in the dilemma of relative fixed prices and rising costs under the scenario of decarbonization.Meanwhile,soaring market-oriented coal pricing results in coal enterprises’increasing defaults on thermal coal medium-and long-term contracts(MLC).To investigate the implementation of MLC at the micro-level,this study formalized the contractual behaviors of coal and coal-fired electricity enterprises based on the asymmetric evolutionary game.We formalized the evolving behaviors of both parties using replicator dynamics equations and proved that there were two evolutionary stabilization strategies(ESSs):compliance and coal enterprises’unilateral default.A multi-agent-based simulation was applied to verify the evolving process of ESSs and determine the critical values of MLC design by sensitive analysis.From the simulation results,coal-fired electricity enterprises do not stop generation under the current carbon quota allocation mechanism,even if carbon emission trading increases electricity generation costs.Coal enterprises choose to“default”when the market price of coal is higher than the contracted price by 18%.However,if the original reparation is increased by 5%,the compliance rate of the coal enterprises improves.Dynamic reparations embedded in the MLC improved enforcement during the contracting period.Moreover,the proposed policy implications have practical significance for enhancing the coordinated operation of coal-electricity energy supply chains.
文摘Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world while the long-term prognosis is still unfavorable, despite the enormous efforts in the search for effective anti-cancer drugs. We think that the obstacle for creating of effective anti-cancer drugs could be existing idea that the basis of cancer is caused by the damage of the genetic apparatus of the cell. In this paper, we present the pathogenesis of cancer which is based on the formation of the special sustainable pathophysiological state of the organism what we call the state of “cancer reparative trap”. The essence of this pathophysiological state of the organism is in the reparative orientation of the immune system of cancer patients, when constant tissue repair is accompanied by systemic suppression of the anti-tumor immunity. Specifically, during the long-term exposure to carcinogens (exogenous and/or endogenous), the continuous tissue damage occurs which induces permanent stimulation of cell proliferation (imbalanced Th1 < Th2 lymphocytes, M1 < M2 macrophages, inflammation, angiogenesis, etc.) in order to repair the tissues damaged. At the same time, tissue repair is necessarily accompanied by the suppression of anti-tumor immunity (increase in T-regulatory cells, imbalanced Th1 Th2 lymphocytes, M1 < M2 macrophages et al.), which creates the necessary conditions for the survival of the malignantly transformed cells, formed by the action of carcinogens. The determining role of the imbalance in the autonomous nervous system (simpathetic/hypersympathetic dominance) in the development, maintenance and generalization of the cancer process has been shown. The explanation of a number of phenomena has been presented: the cell resistance to chemotherapy, and the phenomenon of cancer cell dormancy. The promising approaches for the cancer management in clinical practice have been proposed.
文摘Giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG) is a rare, benign tumour that mostly involves the maxilla and mandible. It is rare in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Here we report a case of GCRG of nasal cavity in 24-year-old man who came with unilateral nasal obstruction, epistaxis and proptosis. CT scan showed soft tissue hypodensity lesion of left nasal cavity. Endoscopic surgical excision and biopsy were done. The pathology was consistent with GCRG. There was no recurrence seen on follow-up for 2 years. A short literature review about diagnosis, clinical behavior, radiological findings and treatment of this tumor entity are given.
文摘The current immunooncology artificially ignores the connection with lymphopoiesis, though is only its derivative. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) provide physiological regeneration of biomass of the host, fetus, and malignant tumors, as well, as the cells’ reparation after sub-lethally injuring in any tissues and their renewal. HSC, especially of lymphoid lineage, are the most vulnerable of those, which are responsible for viability of organism. Natural and artificial deficits of HSC determine aging, multi-organs syndromes and death of the host, because their current proliferative resource (CPR) is individually limited at birth, and is spending irreversibly during wounds’ healing, pregnancy, tumor growth, and on. CPR, being an integral value of the number of stem cells along the length of their telomeres, is a “shagreen skin”, for which the tumor competes with normal tissues as a quasi-embryonic favorite and winner, especially in the final period of a shortening the life. The primary approach to cancer treatment must prioritize the preservation of CPR remnants, rather than their destruction, in order to temporarily halt the malignant process. The re-targeting of HSC from tumors in favor of normal tissues is the immediate objective of competitive therapy, which allows for preserving the rest of the CPR host’s resources, especially in patients with advanced cancer. However, the contradictory and insignificant practically, the dogma of antitumor cellular immunity continues to dominate and hinder progress in oncology.
文摘In this paper, we give a reliability anlysis of some queueing modesl with reparable service station. By using the method of supplementary variable,we obtained some system characters and reliability indices of the service station.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61271153, 61372039)
文摘In the face of harsh natural environment applications such as earth-orbiting and deep space satellites, underwater sea vehicles, strong electromagnetic interference and temperature stress,the circuits faults appear easily. Circuit faults will inevitably lead to serious losses of availability or impeded mission success without self-repair over the mission duration. Traditional fault-repair methods based on redundant fault-tolerant technique are straightforward to implement, yet their area, power and weight cost can be excessive. Moreover they utilize all plug-in or component level circuits to realize redundant backup, such that their applicability is limited. Hence, a novel selfrepair technology based on evolvable hardware（EHW） and reparation balance technology（RBT） is proposed. Its cost is low, and fault self-repair of various circuits and devices can be realized through dynamic configuration. Making full use of the fault signals, correcting circuit can be found through EHW technique to realize the balance and compensation of the fault output-signals. In this paper, the self-repair model was analyzed which based on EHW and RBT technique, the specific self-repair strategy was studied, the corresponding self-repair circuit fault system was designed, and the typical faults were simulated and analyzed which combined with the actual electronic devices. Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed fault self-repair strategy was feasible. Compared to traditional techniques, fault self-repair based on EHW consumes fewer hardware resources, and the scope of fault self-repair was expanded significantly.
文摘目的探讨富白细胞-血小板纤维蛋白(leukocyte-and platelet-rich fibrin,L-PRF)作为盖髓剂对大鼠牙髓炎症调节的作用。方法脂多糖(LPS)构建牙髓炎大鼠模型,30只大鼠随机分成5组,即正常对照组、LPS造模组、iRoot BP PLUS组、L-PRF组、L-PRF+iRoot BP PLUS组。直接盖髓14 d后取标本行显微CT(Micro-CT)扫描、苏木精-伊红(HE)及Masson染色、定量实时聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)检测,观察牙髓炎症及硬组织形成程度。结果Micro-CT示:LPS组未见硬组织形成,L-PRF组冠髓内可见斑块状钙化物,BP组及联合组在穿髓孔处见较完整的钙化桥。组织学染色示:LPS组炎症最重、无硬组织形成;联合组炎症最轻,硬组织形成最完整、连续,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);BP组与联合组的炎症及硬组织形成程度均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。qRT-PCR结果示:各实验组牙髓组织中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6 mRNA相对表达水平相较于LPS组均有所降低,但L-PRF组与LPS组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论L-PRF联合iRoot BP PLUS作为复合盖髓材料,可用于大鼠牙髓炎牙髓组织修复以及牙髓炎症调节。
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grants Nos. 50802003, 20973013, 51072004, 50821061, and 20973006） and Ministry of Science and Technology of the people＇s Republic of China （Grants Nos. 2007CB936203, 2006CBP32602, and 2009CB929403）.
文摘BACKGROUND Flexible flatfoot(FFF)is a very common condition in children,but no evidencebased guidelines or assessment tools exist.Yet,surgical indication is left to the surgeon’s experience and preferences.AIM To develop a functional clinical score for FFF[Catania flatfoot(CTF)score]and a measure of internal consistency;to evaluate inter-observer and intra-observer reliability of the CTF Score;to provide a strong tool for proper FFF surgical indication.METHODS CTF is a medically compiled score of four main domains for a total of twelve items:Patient features,Pain,Clinical Parameters,and Functionality.Each item refers to a specific rate.Five experienced observers answered 10 case reports according to the CTF.To assess inter-and intra-observer reliability of the CTF score,the intra-class correlation coefficients’(ICCs)statistics test was performed,as well as to gauge the correlation between the CTF score and the surgical or conservative treatment indication.Values of 75%were chosen as the score cut-off for surgical indication.Sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio(PLHR),negative likelihood ratio(NLHR),positive predictive value(PPV),and negative predictive value(NPV).RESULTS Overall interobserver reliability ICC was 0.87[95%confidence interval(CI):0.846-0.892;P<0.001].Overall intra-observer reliability ICC was 0.883(95%CI:0.854-0.909;P<0.001).A direct correlation between the CTF score and surgical treatment indication[Pearson correlation coefficient=0.94(P<0.001)]was found.According to the 75%cut-off,the sensitivity was 100%(95%CI:83.43%-100%),specificity was 85.71%(95%CI:75.29%-92.93%),PLHR was 7(95%CI:3.94-12.43),NLHR was 0(95%CI:0-0),PPV was 75%(95%CI:62.83%-84.19%)and NPV was 100%(95%CI:100%-100%).CONCLUSION CTF represents a useful tool for orthopedic surgeons in the FFF evaluation.The CTF score is a quality questionnaire to reproduce suitable clinical research,survey studies,and clinical practice.Moreover,the 75%cutoff is an important threshold for surgical indication and helps in the decision-making process.
