Therapeutic and recurrence-preventing effects of Qi-Replenishing and Blood-Activating Formula in rats with acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer

Objective:To explore the therapeutic and recurrence-preventing effects of Qi-Replenishing and Blood-Activating Formula in rats with acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer.Methods:A total of 138 SD rats were selected to make rat models with gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid(24 rats with sham operation served as sham operation group),and were randomly divided into model group(n=30),western medicine group(n=30),traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) group(n=24) and combination group(combined western medicine and TCM group,n=30).Western medicine group was gavaged with omeprazole in the morning and with iso-volumetric distilled water in the afternoon;TCM group and TCM sham operation group were gavaged with iso-volumetric distilled water in the morning and with Qi-Replenishing and Blood-Activating Formula in the afternoon;combination group was gavaged with omeprazole in the morning and with Qi-Replenishing and Blood-Activating Formula in the afternoon;sham operation group and model group were gavaged with iso-volumetric distilled water both in the morning and afternoon.Ulcer indexes and degree of mucosal degree in rats at different time points after gavage were observed.Twentyeight days after gavage,interleukin(IL)-1β was given to induce ulcer recurrence so as to observe the recurrent severity and rate of ulcer in each group.Results:Compared with model group and western medicine group,treatment in combination group could prominently reduce the ulcer index of rats with peptic ulcer,and increase the healing rate and inhibition rate of peptic ulcer.After IL-1β-induced ulcer recurrence,combination group was significantly superior to model group and western medicine group in ulcer recurrent rate[50%(3/6) vs.100%(6/6)]and severity.Conclusions:Basic acid-suppression therapy combined with Qi-Replenishing and BloodActivating Formula can effectually improve the ulcer healing quality and reduce ulcer recurrence.

Experience in the Treatment of Tumors by Replenishing Qi and Nourishing Blood,Detoxicating and Resolving Masses

The pathogenesis of malignant tumors is the deficiency of vital Qi and the excess of pathogenic Qi.Its basic treating principle is to strengthen vital Qi to eliminate pathogenic factor.The paper is to summarize the clinical experiences in tumor treatment of Dr.Chen Shizhou,a well-known traditional Chinese medicine expert in Weifang City,Shandong Province.He put forward the treatment method of"replenishing Qi and nourishing blood,detoxicating and resolving masses",paying attention to protecting stomach qi and advocating survival with tumor,with remarkable clinical effects.

Quantity-based shipment consolidation and stock replenishment policy with lead time in vendor-managed inventory system

In order to let the supplier make more reasonable supply decisions,an integrated continuous replenishment policy for the vendor-managed inventory system is presented,which considers the quantity-based shipment consolidation and stock replenishment with lead time.Then the system cost is analyzed and a mathematical model is built.Since the model is rather complex,the bounds of the optimal policy are first attained,then the problem is solved by a heuristic algorithm.Through experiments the relationship between the order lead time and the corresponding integrated policy is discussed,and the influence on the system cost is also analyzed.The results reveal that the lead time's influence on the system is more serious with the increase of the order lead time,the integrated policy with the order lead time is more reasonable and the optimal policy can minimize the total system cost.Finally,the parameter sensitivity of the model is analyzed.

Optimal decision of retailer for replenishment cycle under a deteriorating product supply chain

In order to minimize the total cost of the retailer, an optimal replenishment cycle is studied by considering the deteriorating product, two-level trade credits, the limited storage capacity of their own warehouse and credit-linked order quantity simultaneously. A two-echelon supply chain model, which consists of a supplier and a retailer, is established. Then, the retailer＇s optimal replenishment cycle under all the cases are derived by using the optimization theory and method. On the basis of these, the effects of system parameters on the optimal replenishment cycle are examined by using the numerical studies. The results show that, when the retailer＇s trade credit period is longer （shorter） than the customer＇s trade credit period, the optimal replenishment cycle should he increased （decreased） as the retailer＇s trade credit period increases; if the minimum order quantity is high （low）, the optimal replenishment cycle should be increased （not changed） as the minimum order quantity increases.

Integrated continuous replenishment planning in VMI system of retail industry

In order to let suppliers monitor customers＇ inventory levels and make supply decisions regarding order quantities and delivery time, an integrated continuous replenishment planning （CRP） strategy of fresh food oriented to retail industry is presented, which integrates the consolidation of shipment and inventory replenishment considering the deterioration of items to guarantee the quality safety of fresh food during the replenishment cycle. A vendor managed inventory （VMI） mathematical model to compute upper-level inventory and delivery cycle is built. Based on the real-time sales data exchange, it enables suppliers to make the decision of the optimal time and the quantities of replenishment for retailers during a delivery cycle, in order to replenish the consumers＇ stock initiatively and minimize the long-run average cost.

Replenishment policy and inventory optimization for supply-hub with liability period consideration

A replenishment decision-making model for supply-hub is firstly established from the angle of supplier, and optimal replenishment decision of the supplier is analyzed. Then, inventory optimization model for supply-hub is formulated from the angle of the manufacturer, and the optimization algorithm for obtaining optimal inventory levels is given. The result shows that liability period decides the share of the inventory cost between two sides in supply chain. With the increase of liability period, the service level has been quickly reduced even though the manufacturer's cost has been cut down by transferring the inventory cost to the supplier. As to the safety inventory, if the lower bound of components safety inventory increases, the supplier's cost will rise up more slowly than the liability period does, while the service levels increases as the safety inventory's lower bound is raised.

Magma Replenishment as Revealed by Textural and Geochemical Features of Plagioclase Phenocrysts in Subduction-Related Lavas

Various petrographic features and geochemical characteristics indicative of disequilibrium are preserved in plagioclase phenocrysts from basaltic to andesitic lavas in East Junggar, northwest China. These characteristics indicate that they crystallized in a magma chamber, which was replenished by less differentiated and high-temperature magmas. The petrographic and geochemical features of the plagioclase phenocrysts are interpreted to record responses to changes in temperature, composition and mechanical effect during magma replenishment. Distinct rare earth element(REE) patterns between cores and rims of the same plagioclase crystal suggest derivation from two end-member magmas. From core to rim, plagioclase phenocrysts commonly display sharp fluctuations of anorthite(An) content up to 20, which either correspond to reverse zoning associated with ovoidal cores and resorption surface(PI), or normal zoning with euhedral form and no resorption surface(P2). Plagioclase crystals with diverse textures and remarkably different An content coexist on the scale of a thin-section. Cores of these plagioclases in each sample display a bimodal distribution of An content. From core to rim in PI, concentrations o f FeOT and Sr increase remarkably as An content increases. During magma replenishment, pre-existing plagioclase phenocrysts in the andesitic magma, which were immersed into hotter and less differentiated magmas, were heated and resorbed to form ovoidal cores, and then were overgrown by a thin rim with much higher contents of An, FeO^T and Sr. However, pre-existing plagioclase phenocrysts in the basaltic magma were injected into cooler and more evolved magmas, and were remained as euhedral cores, which were later enclosed by oscillatory zoned rims with much lower contents of An, Sr and Ba.

MILP formulations for highway petrol station replenishment in initiative distribution mode

To investigate highway petrol station replenishment in initiative distribution mode,this paper develops a mixed-integer linear programming(MILP)model with minimal operational costs that includes loading costs,unloading costs,transport costs and the costs caused by unpunctual distribution.Based on discrete representation,the working day is divided into equal time intervals,and the truck distribution process is decomposed into a pair of tasks including driving,standby,rest,loading and unloading.Each truck must execute one task during a single interval,and the currently executing task is closely related to the preceding and subsequent tasks.By accounting for predictive time-varying sales at petrol stations,real-time road congestion and a series of operational constraints,the proposed model produces the optimal truck dispatch,namely,a detailed task assignment for all trucks during each time interval.The model is tested on a real-world case of a replenishment system comprising eight highway petrol stations,one depot,one garage and eight trucks to demonstrate its applicability and accuracy.

Data replenishment of five moderate earthquake sequences in Japan, with semi-automatic cluster selection

Missing early aftershocks following relatively large or moderate earthquakes can cause significant bias in the analysis of seismic catalogs.In this paper,we systematically address the aftershock missing problem for five earthquake sequences associated with moderate-size events that occurred inland Japan,by using a stochastic replenishing method.The method is based on the notion that if a point process(e.g.,earthquake sequence)with timeindependent marks(e.g.,magnitudes)is completely observed,it can be transformed into a homogeneous Poisson process by a bi-scale empirical transformation.We use the Japan Meteorological Agency(JMA)earthquake catalog to select the aftershock data and replenish the missing early events using the later complete part of each aftershock sequence.The time windows for each sequence span from 6 months before the mainshock to three months after.The semi-automatic spatial selection uses a clustering method for the epicentral selection of earthquakes.The results obtained for the original JMA catalog and replenished datasets are compared to get insight into the biases that the missing early aftershocks may cause on the Omori-Utsu law parameters’estimation,characterizing the aftershock decay with time from the mainshock.We have also compared the Omori-Utsu law parameter estimates for two datasets following the same mainshock;the first dataset is the replenished sequence,while the second dataset has been obtained by waveform-based analysis to detect early aftershocks that are not recorded in the JMA catalog.Our results demonstrate that the Omori-Utsu law parameters estimated for the replenished datasets are robust with respect to the threshold magnitude used for the analyzed datasets.Even when using aftershock time windows as short as three days,the replenished datasets provide stable Omori-Utsu law parameter estimations.The p-values for all the analyzed sequences are about 1.1 and c-values are significantly smaller compared to those of original datasets.Our findings prove that the replenishment method is a fast,reliable approach to address the missing aftershock problem.

Simulation-Based Optimization for the Fast Fashion Replenishment

Fast fashion is a commercial pattern which provides fashionable clothes at affordable price.This mode needs rapid response supply chain to respond to varying fashion trends.New styles are introduced in every sale period to cover fashion trends.In order to maximize profits,replenishment quantity of each style should be decided in every period.The purchasing and replenishing process over multiple periods based on uncertainty customer demand is modeled,which is formulated by a stochastic choice process.Heterogeneous consumers visit a store in a stochastic sequence and choosing dynamically from the available fashion styles(buy or not buy) according to a utility maximization criterion.The purchase process in a retail shop for multi-period is simulated.An algorithm which combines simulated anneal(SA) with gradient estimation is proposed to find the optimal replenishing strategy from the simulation program.

Market Regulation and Fiscal Replenishment: An Analytical Framework for the Space Control Intensity for Regulatory Detailed Planning

Regulatory detailed planning is the most direct management tool for urban development and construction activities. Through theoretical deduction, this paper demonstrated the elastic relationship between the land-transferring price and the floor area ratio(FAR) of residential land, which represented the space control intensity for regulatory detailed planning. Based on the two dimensions of market regulation and fiscal replenishment, this paper also established an analytical framework for the space control intensity for regulatory detailed planning. The results showed that the space control intensity for regulatory detailed planning decreased with the expansion of urban scale and that the weaker the market regulation and the stronger the land finance dependence, the weaker the space control intensity for regulatory detailed planning. Based on this, this paper proposed that local governments should strengthen the scientificity and openness of regulatory detailed planning, institutionally resolve the predicament due to fiscal decentralization, and reduce the dependence on land transfer income.

Optimal Policy for EOQ Model with Two Level of Trade Credits in One Replenishment Cycle

In general, a supplier/retailer frequently offer trade credit to stimulate their respective sales. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the optimal supplier/retailer’s replenishment decisions under two levels of trade credit policy within the economic order quantity (EOQ) framework. This paper deals with the supplier/retailer’s inventory replenishment problem under two levels of trade credit in one replenishment cycle. A different approach of two levels of trade credit is used, which give more freedom to the supplier/retailer in business. In addition, the easy-to-use procedure is developed to efficiently find the optimal cycle time for the retailer under minimizing annual total relevant cost. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate these results.

Further Improvement of Reflection Efficiency of a Magnetic Mirror and Replenishment against Loss of Escaping Deuteron Ions

We reported previously the idea to improve reflection-ability of a magnetic mirror by installing a cyclotron resonance space in the front part of the mirror. However, since the previous analysis was insufficient from the examination after that, we complement the following two things in this work: 1) A simpler procedure of design to make a supplemental magnetic mirror with the simplest magnetic configuration, compared with the procedure reported previously. 2) A peculiar characteristic arising only in reflection of a nonrelativistic charged particle (a deuteron ion).

Numerical Study on Motion Responses of Two Parallel Ships During Underway Replenishment by the Semi-Analytical HOTP Method

Motion responses of two ships advancing parallel in waves with hydrodynamic interactions are investigated in this paper. Within the framework of the frequency-domain potential flow theory, a semi-analytical higher-order translating-pulsating source(HOTP) method is presented to solve the problems of coupled radiation and diffraction potential. The method employs nine-node bi-quadratic curvilinear elements to discretize the boundary integral equations(BIEs) constructed over the mean wetted surface of the two ship hulls. In order to eliminate the numerical oscillation, analytical quadrature formulas are derived and adopted to evaluate the integrals related to the Froudedependent part of the Green’s function along the horizontal direction in the BIEs. Based on the method, a numerical program is originally coded. Through the calculations of hydrodynamic responses of single ships, the numerical implementation is proved successful. Then the validated program is applied in the investigations on the hydrodynamic interactions of two identical Wigley Ⅲ hulls and the underway replenishment of a frigate and a supply ship in waves with and without stagger, respectively. The comparison between the present computed results with experimental data and numerical solutions of other methods shows that the semi-analytical HOTP method is of higher accuracy than the pulsating source Green’s function method with speed correction and better stability than the traditional HOTP method based on Gauss quadrature. In addition, for two ships with obviously different dimensions,the influence of hydrodynamic interactions on the smaller ship is found to be more noticeable than that on the larger ship, which leads to the differences between the motions of frigate with and without the presence of supply ship.

Design of cost allocation rule for joint replenishment with controllable lead time

To encourage retailers to form cooperative alliances to jointly replenish inventory,considering that the supplier provides a flexible lead time and quantity discount to retailers,a model of average total cost per unit time of periodic joint replenishment is constructed,and an approximate algorithm,which can satisfy the requirement of any given precision,is given.The cost allocation rule in the core of the joint replenishment game is designed based on the cooperative game theory.The numerical experiment results show that the proposed algorithm can quickly solve the joint replenishment problem when the item number is not greater than 640.The retailer's cost saving rate is always greater than 0,and it increases with the increase in quantity discount and fixed cost after adopting the given cost allocation rule.With the increase in the safety stock level,the retailer's cost saving rate increases first and then decreases;and the retailer's cost saving rate increases with the increase in the size of the alliance,but it decreases as the number of product category increases.The proposed cost allocation rule can reduce the retailer's cost up to 20%,which is conducive to forming a cooperative coalition.

A hybrid differential evolution algorithm for a stochastic location-inventory-delivery problem with joint replenishment

A practical stochastic location-inventory-delivery problem with multi-item joint replenishment is studied.Unlike the conventional location-inventory model with a continuous-review(r,Q)inventory policy,the periodic-review inventory policy is adopted with multi-item joint replenishment under stochastic demand,and the coordinated delivery cost is considered.The proposed model considers the integrated optimization of strategic,tactical,and operational decisions by simultaneously determining(a)the number and location of distribution centers(DCs)to be opened,(b)the assignment of retailers to DCs,(c)the frequency and cycle interval of replenishment and delivery,and(d)the safety stock level for each item.An intelligent algorithm based on particle swarm optimization(PSO)and adaptive differential evolution(ADE)is proposed to address this complex problem.Numerical experiments verified the effectiveness of the proposed two-stage PSO-ADE algorithm.A sensitivity analysis is presented to reveal interesting insights that can guide managers in making reasonable decisions.

基于糖代谢和胰岛素抵抗评估益气养阴法治疗气阴两虚型2型糖尿病的疗效

目的分析益气养阴法治疗气阴两虚型2型糖尿病对患者糖代谢和胰岛素抵抗评估的影响。方法南京中医药大学附属南京市中西医结合医院2019年6月—2022年3月收治的90例气阴两虚型2型糖尿病患者随机分为胰岛素泵治疗组(45例)和益气养阴治疗组(45例)。益气养阴治疗组采用胰岛素泵强化治疗联合益气养阴法进行治疗,胰岛素泵治疗组单独进行胰岛素泵强化治疗,两组均治疗2周。统计两组治疗2周后的临床疗效及治疗期间不良反应发生情况,比较两组治疗前和治疗2周后中医证候积分、糖代谢情况、胰岛素抵抗情况。结果治疗2周后,益气养阴治疗组总有效率为91.11%(41/45),高于胰岛素泵治疗组[73.33%(33/45),P<0.05]。治疗2周后与治疗前比较,两组口燥咽干、倦怠乏力、失眠、自汗盗汗、五心烦热、气短懒言评分及血清空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose,FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(postprandial 2-hour blood glucose,2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(glycated hemoglobin,HbA1c)、空腹胰岛素(fasting insulin,FINS)水平、胰岛素抵抗指数(Homa-IR)降低,益气养阴治疗组低于胰岛素泵治疗组(P<0.05),两组胰岛素敏感指数(insulin sensitivity index,ISI)、胰岛功能指数(Homa-islet)升高,益气养阴治疗组高于胰岛素泵治疗组(P<0.05)。治疗期间,益气养阴治疗组总不良反应发生率与胰岛素泵治疗组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论气阴两虚型2型糖尿病患者采用益气养阴法进行治疗,可有效改善患者中医证候、糖代谢,降低患者机体胰岛素抵抗程度,具有较好的治疗效果。

感潮河段城市湿地水动力模拟及改善方案研究

湿地具有固碳释氧、涵养水源等作用,改善水体交换能力是湿地研究热点之一,但关于潮汐变动水位条件下湿地水体调控措施的探究相对较少。以长江南京段绿水湾湿地为例,建立平面二维水动力模型,开展感潮河段城市湿地水动力模拟及改善方案研究。计算不同水文条件及闸泵调度方案下湿地流场,分析潮位变动对绿水湾湿地水动力的影响,分析不同闸泵调度措施对水体流动性的改善效果。研究表明,闸泵联合调度可使枯季大部分区域水动力明显增强,但仍存在主槽外坑塘等局部滞水区,需通过湿地植被重构的方式提高水体自净能力。对易暴发藻类的4—5月,闸泵联合调度可较好改善绿水湾内上游区域的水动力条件,对于改善效果并不明显的下游区域建议增设补水点,降低水体富营养化风险。本研究可为绿水湾湿地的设计、建设与管理提供科学依据。

济阳坳陷页岩油注二氧化碳开发技术

围绕页岩油注CO_(2)开发存在的问题,通过室内实验、数值模拟与压裂工艺相结合的方式,开展了页岩油注CO_(2)萃取置换机理、CO_(2)前置液对页岩力学性质影响的室内实验,模拟了CO_(2)前置压裂和吞吐补能对开发效果的影响,并将成果应用于CO_(2)前置压裂和单井吞吐矿场实践。研究表明:CO_(2)吞吐作用效果受微纳尺度效应及干酪根、吸附油存在等的影响,适当延长焖井时间可提高原油动用程度。在CO_(2)“注、焖”阶段,CO_(2)通过溶解扩散和传质作用提高重烃的动用程度,在CO_(2)“吐”的阶段,CO_(2)主要将较大孔隙中的原油排出至周边更大的孔隙或层理缝中流入生产井。注入CO_(2)前置液有助于保持岩心脆性,降低破裂压力,CO_(2)易沿层理面滤失,从而提高裂缝复杂程度。前置CO_(2)注入量增加会提升增能效果,从而增强地层能量的补充作用。页岩基质渗透率越低、地层压力越低、原油重烃含量越高,注CO_(2)吞吐开发后,采收率提高幅度越大。矿场实践表明,CO_(2)前置压裂后压力保持良好,单井CO_(2)吞吐后可有效补充地层能量,提高单井产能,效果良好。

水击补气式压力罐及水力瞬变仿真

空气阀常常安装在输水管检修孔侧壁,进气后部分气体就会存留在检修孔上部产生气垫式压力罐的水击防护作用。据此,提出了水击补气式压力罐装置的设计方法,即利用泵站事故断电产生的水击负压现象,通过真空破坏阀或空气阀给压力罐补气,以防止输水管发生液体汽化现象并削减水击最大压力。然后,建立了水击补气式压力罐水力瞬变数值仿真数学模型。最后,以一个实际输水工程为例,计算比较了分别设置空气阀、空气阀调压室及真空破坏阀补气式压力罐时的水击防护效果,结果表明,补气式压力罐水击防护效果最好。