Hypokalemia, defined as serum potassium below 3.5 mEq/L, can lead to severe complications such as arrhythmias and muscle paralysis, potentially resulting in rhabdomyolysis. The etiology of hypokalemia is often multifa...Hypokalemia, defined as serum potassium below 3.5 mEq/L, can lead to severe complications such as arrhythmias and muscle paralysis, potentially resulting in rhabdomyolysis. The etiology of hypokalemia is often multifactorial, involving but not limited to gastrointestinal losses, renal losses, medication effects, and inadequate dietary intake. Chronic heavy alcohol use, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and the use of diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) are also significant contributing factors. Effective management requires thorough evaluation and investigation to effectively treat a patient. This case report aims to illustrate the diagnostic challenges and comprehensive treatment approach required in a patient with multiple comorbidities and severe hypokalemia, emphasizing the need for a multidisciplinary and comprehensive approach to address all underlying causes.展开更多
Replete unimodal function and other conceptions are defined. It is proved that for any continuous function φ, if φ has a unimodal orbit , then φ has all unimodal orbits whose types precede the orbit type of. They a...Replete unimodal function and other conceptions are defined. It is proved that for any continuous function φ, if φ has a unimodal orbit , then φ has all unimodal orbits whose types precede the orbit type of. They are altogether distributed on a compact subset X of I. The restriction φ|X of φ to X is a replete unimodal function. Moreover, an ordered classification φ of the function space C°(I,R) is given. It is a refinement of the famous Sarkovskii’s ordered classification F, and also a generalization of the conclusion obtained by Bhatia and Egerland not long ago.展开更多
文摘Hypokalemia, defined as serum potassium below 3.5 mEq/L, can lead to severe complications such as arrhythmias and muscle paralysis, potentially resulting in rhabdomyolysis. The etiology of hypokalemia is often multifactorial, involving but not limited to gastrointestinal losses, renal losses, medication effects, and inadequate dietary intake. Chronic heavy alcohol use, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and the use of diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) are also significant contributing factors. Effective management requires thorough evaluation and investigation to effectively treat a patient. This case report aims to illustrate the diagnostic challenges and comprehensive treatment approach required in a patient with multiple comorbidities and severe hypokalemia, emphasizing the need for a multidisciplinary and comprehensive approach to address all underlying causes.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Replete unimodal function and other conceptions are defined. It is proved that for any continuous function φ, if φ has a unimodal orbit , then φ has all unimodal orbits whose types precede the orbit type of. They are altogether distributed on a compact subset X of I. The restriction φ|X of φ to X is a replete unimodal function. Moreover, an ordered classification φ of the function space C°(I,R) is given. It is a refinement of the famous Sarkovskii’s ordered classification F, and also a generalization of the conclusion obtained by Bhatia and Egerland not long ago.
