On the Translation of the Government Work Report —Comparing with the State of the Union Address

China's splendid achievements and fast development attract the attention of the whole world. The rising of the great power shock the rest countries. More and more people want to know what is happening in this country and what effect it will bring to the world. At the same time, Chinese people have gradually realized the importance of exchanging information with other countries. Under this motivation, the translation of Chinese materials into English becomes necessary and essential. It is an effective way to present China comprehensively. Among all these materials, Government Work Report is one of the most remarkable ones. The translation of it plays a key role to present the image of China to the world. But, compared with State of the Union address, the translation of Government Work Report contains some problems from the perspective of foreignization and domestication theory. This essay will discuss the differences between these two texts at the lexical, syntactic, and discourse level from the angle of foreignization and domestication theory, and give some suggestions to the translation of Government Work Report.

Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy for midshaft clavicular delayed union: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND One of the most common complications following surgery for midshaft clavicle fracture is nonunion/delayed union.Extracorporeal shock wave therapy(ESWT)is an alternative to promote new bone formation without surgical complications.To date,no literature has reported low-intensity ESWT(LI-ESWT)in delayed union of midshaft clavicle fracture.CASE SUMMARY We reported a 66-year-old Chinese amateur cyclist with clavicle delayed union treated with 10 sessions of LI-ESWT(radial,0.057 mJ/mm^(2),3 Hz,3000 shocks).No anesthetics were applied,and no side effects occurred.At the 4 mo and 7 mo follow-ups,the patient achieved clinical and radiographical recovery,respectively.CONCLUSION In conclusion,our findings indicated that LI-ESWT could be a good option for treating midshaft clavicular delayed union.

Contextual Adaptation of Language Choices -With Reference to Obama＇s 2015 State of the Union Address

An empirical research is done on how political Obama＇s 2015 State of the Union Address as the corpora sample speeches adapt to context in the framework of adaptation theory, taking This paper shows that language choices in the State of the Union Address are adaptive to all the levels of the context, including communicative context （language users, mental world, social world, and physical world） and linguistic context. It is confirmed one of the theoretical stances of adaptation theory that there is no language use without being adaptive to context.

Analyze Obama’s State of the Union 2015——From the Perspective of Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar

The present study uses textual function of metafunction in Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar as the theoretical framework,focusing on Thematic structures of political discourses.This thesis moves on to analyze the State of the Union Address and its Chinese version from the perspective of a contrastive study,aiming to find out English-Chinese translation approaches.The study findings give rise to two implications for E-C translation in Obama’s Address For one thing,a thematic structure,without any change of word orders,can be directly translated into a SV pattern in a topic-comment structure.For another,it has to be restructured into non-SV patterns.It helps to apply the strategy in the target text of Obama’s State of the Union Address.

Hydrogen inhalation promotes recovery of a patient in persistent vegetative state from intracerebral hemorrhage:A case report and literature review

BACKGROUND Persistent vegetative state(PVS)is a devastating and long-lasting clinical condition with high morbidity and mortality;currently,there are no available effective interventions.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of an 11-year-old boy with PVS caused by severe intracerebral bleeding in the left hemisphere following anticoagulation treatment.The patient’s PVS severity showed no notable improvement after 2-mo neuroprotective treatment and rehabilitation,including nerve growth factor and baclofen,hyperbaric oxygen,and comprehensive bedside rehabilitation therapies.Daily inhalation treatment(4-6 h)of high-concentration hydrogen(H2)gas(66.6%H2+33.3%O2)was provided.Surprisingly,the patient’s orientation,consciousness,ability to speak,facial expressions,and locomotor function were significantly restored,along with improvements in essential general health status,after H2 gas inhalation treatment,which was consistent with stabilized neuropathology in the left hemisphere and increased Hounsfield unit values of computed tomography in the right hemisphere.The patient finally recovered to a near normal conscious state with a Coma Recovery Scale-Revised Score of 22 from his previous score of 3.CONCLUSION Phase 1 clinical trials are needed to explore the safety and efficacy of H2 gas inhalation in patients with PVS.

On the Normative Structure of International Human Rights Treaties Monitoring Mechanisms and Its Legal Challenges

The Charter bodies established under the United Nations Charter and the treaty bodies established on the basis of international human rights treaties constitute the two major means of supervising the implementation of international human rights treaties.The treaty bodies responsible for monitoring the implementation of international human right treaties have gradually formed a four-fold supervision system consisting of state reporting,inter-state complaints,individual complaints and inquiry procedures.These quasi-judicial procedures are responsible for overseeing the implementation of international human right treaties.The practice of treaty body procedures has profoundly affected the development of modern international human rights law and is promoting the improvement of international human right treaty monitoring mechanisms.But due to the constraints of international politics,economic structure and related historical conditions,treaty bodies still face severe challenges.The improvement of the four major procedures will promote the development of the international human rights cause.

Promoting Human Rights Or Creating Confrontation?——On U.S. State Department's Human Rights Report

The U.S. State Department published on June 24, 2003 a report entitled Supporting Human Rights and Democracy: The U.S. Record 2002-2003. The report for the first time highlights the U.S. efforts to "promote human rights and democracy" in 92 countries and entities—the 92 claimed to have "the most human rights abuses"—in addition to its annual country report that heaps on accusations against 196 countries and entities for what it calls their human rights conditions.

State of Country Report——Foreign Trade 2009-2010

Facing economic crisis in the world 2009, international market demands suffered a serious recession, also China's foreign trade has encountered unprecedented difficulties. In front of this, Chinese Government takes series of adjustment timely to get over this rough time. So how is China's foreign trade in 2009, and where it will go in 2010, let's have a look at this…

State of Air Quality in Malawi

Air pollution in Malawi is recognized as one of the key environmental issues. Out of nine key issues it is ranked eighth on priority issues. This has led to lagging behind in terms of research and reporting on the issue. However, the Malawi Government has made strides in implementing policies, acts and programs that are directly or indirectly concerned with the improvement and abatement of air quality to meet the millennium development goals (MDGs) especially goal number 7. The inventories and studies show that air quality in Malawi is still good, but future anticipated air quality problems are cause for worry such as impact on human health, global climate change and ozone depletion. Trends in consumption of ozone depleting substances (ODS) show a remarkable drive towards total reduction. Emissions standards are in place in line with World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Recommendations on how to deal with air quality issues have been proposed in the national state of environmental report (NSOER) in that: 1) there is a need for an operational framework for climate change programs in Malawi and;2) there is a need to unify climate change policies dealing with enforcement of ODS phasing out, alternative energy sources, emissions from vehicles and industries, and institutional and human resource capacity.

China Stated Reports at BIE 131st General Assembly

On July 2,2002, Bureau of International Exhibition’s (BIE) 131st General Assemblywas convened in Paris. The assembly examined the investigation report by BIE InvestigationDelegation for those application countries. Various application countries stated reportsrespectively.The Chinese Government Delegation headed by State Councilor Wu Yi attended the assembly, and stated report on China’s Shanghai making application to hold 2010 World Fair.

A quantitative analysis of the US materials flow methodology and comparison to the EU methodology for MSW statistics

The European Union(EU)and the United States(US)determine municipal solid waste(MSW)statistics differently.The EU applies a site-specific methodology that directly measures waste whereas the US employs a materials flow methodology that estimates MSW statistics indirectly based on production and recovery data from industries.This study dissects the materials flow methodology and presents quantitative materials flow Sankey diagrams for the primary MSW materials to highlight data gaps that can be addressed to improve the methodology’s accuracy.Private industry plastics data were applied to the materials flow methodology,and the results were within 10%of the plastics statistics reported by the US Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA).Drawbacks to the methodologies include EU measurement inaccuracies due to double-counting and not accounting for residual waste in the US.The latter may partially explain why landfilling tonnages reported by the US EPA were approximately 60%less than the tonnages reported by the Waste to Energy Research and Technology Council(WTERT)in its national MSW survey that applied the EU methodology in the US.Unlike the EU,there is no US national policy that requires states to measure and report state-level waste data to the US EPA.Future improvements in US MSW statistics rely heavily on the implementation of national policies to homogenize the measurement and collection of waste data from states.

Depression among Health Care Workers in Khartoum State, Sudan, 2022

Introduction: Depression is a serious issue affecting healthcare workers and is a leading cause of disability for both genders. Furthermore, it is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity, responsible for 4.4 percent of global disability. An estimated 350 million people are currently living with depression worldwide. Objectives: to estimate the prevalence of depression among healthcare workers in Khartoum State in 2022 and determine the associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among healthcare workers in Khartoum State, Sudan, in 2022 using a self-administered electronic questionnaire. Depression was screened using the self-reporting questionnaire (PHQ-9). Descriptive statistics in the form of frequencies and percentages were used to display the data. Odds ratios (ORs) with a 95% confidence interval were estimated using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine associations between depression and related factors. Results: A total of 341 valid responses were received, with a mean age of 33.91. The overall prevalence of depression (PHQ-9 > 8) was 258 (75.6%). The prevalence was significantly associated with marital status (single and divorced), occupation (psychologist), and working department (Emergency Department), showing a p-value of Conclusion: Depression is a serious mental health disorder that affects all people, including healthcare workers, and is a growing problem in Sudan. To address this, healthcare organizations must implement policies and strategies to reduce inequality and protect healthcare workers. A multidisciplinary approach that includes mental health professionals, the Ministry of Health, and universities is needed to prioritize mental health issues and ensure quality care and the overall well-being of both healthcare workers and patients.

Neurosyphilis complicated by anti-γ-aminobutyric acid-B receptor encephalitis: A case report

BACKGROUND Syphilis is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum that can invade the central nervous system,causing encephalitis.Few cases of anti-N-methyl-Daspartate receptor autoimmune encephalitis(AE)secondary to neurosyphilis have been reported.We report a neurosyphilis patient with anti-γ-aminobutyric acid-B receptor(GABABR)AE.CASE SUMMARY A young man in his 30s who presented with acute epileptic status was admitted to a local hospital.He was diagnosed with neurosyphilis,according to serum and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)tests for syphilis.After 14 d of antiepileptic treatment and anti-Treponema pallidum therapy with penicillin,epilepsy was controlled but serious cognitive impairment,behavioral,and serious psychiatric symptoms were observed.He was then transferred to our hospital.The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)crude test results showed only 2 points.Cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed significant cerebral atrophy and multiple fluidattenuated inversion recovery high signals in the white matter surrounding both lateral ventricles,left amygdala and bilateral thalami.Anti-GABABR antibodies were discovered in CSF(1:3.2)and serum(1:100).The patient was diagnosed with neurosyphilis complicated by anti-GABABR AE,and received methylprednisolone and penicillin.Following treatment,his mental symptoms were alleviated.Cognitive impairment was significantly improved,with a MMSE of 8 points.Serum anti-GABABR antibody titer decreased to 1:32.The patient received methylprednisolone and penicillin after discharge.Three months later,the patient’s condition was stable,but the serum anti-GABABR antibody titer was 1:100.CONCLUSION This patient with neurosyphilis combined with anti-GABABR encephalitis benefited from immunotherapy.

美国和欧盟标准化战略对我国医疗器械标准化工作的启示

目的为我国医疗器械标准化战略的制订和实施提供新思路,助推我国医疗器械产业高质量发展。方法通过对比研究美国和欧盟标准化战略,了解其医疗器械标准化工作的现状及未来的宏观发展方向。总结我国医疗器械标准化工作发展历程,并就该领域发展提出建议。结果与结论美国标准化战略稳定性较强,且注重科技标准化;欧盟战略性和政治性更高,且与产业政策联系紧密;两者均是以国际标准化为核心的“控制国际标准型国际贸易战略”,关注标准的应用,重视标准化工作人才队伍建设。我国标准化工作起步晚、基础较薄弱,在其具体实施措施的制订和落实方面对产业高质量发展的规范性和引领性作用还不够。基于此,未来应强化医疗器械标准化战略的制订,以及医疗器械标准数字化建设和医疗器械标准化人才队伍建设。

国际国外供应链安全标准化发展态势及我国对策建议

全球对供应链安全的关注度日益提高。随着世界经贸局势和政治环境的深刻变化,全球供应链格局与科技竞争格局正在加速重构。目前,国际国外的供应链安全相关标准中新增了大量非技术性限制要求,并有通过通用性国际标准产生普遍性影响的趋势,对我国供应链的高质量发展产生潜在威胁。本文旨在研究国际国外供应链安全标准化最新动态,识别我国相关领域发展的潜在风险,并提出应对措施与建议,从而提升我国供应链安全水平,增强我国供应链的国际竞争力。

北约太空战略的发展布局及影响

[研究目的]太空安全是国家安全的重要组成部分。在大国战略博弈和国际安全形势日趋复杂背景下,系统分析北约太空战略布局,研判其发展方向和影响,对我国评估国际安全形势变化、维护太空安全和推进国际太空治理合作都具有重要意义。[研究方法]采用内容分析、文献研究等方法,通过对当前北约推进其太空战略的相关政策文件、官方报道等开源情报进行系统梳理和深入考察,分析北约太空战略形成的动因和影响。[研究结论]在以“大国竞争”为核心的战略思维的指导下,北约有意通过巩固太空优势主导未来的国际太空治理机制。短期内,北约太空战略的实施,客观上有利于北约拓展其安全职能,也有助于提高其在太空议题上的影响力。但从长远来看,国际权力格局发生的深刻变化,以及北约内部美欧之间围绕太空战略发展的矛盾,也将阻碍北约太空战略的实施效果。

农业农村数字技术应用的国际镜鉴及践行指向

当前中国正处在数字乡村与智慧农业发展的重要契机,为探寻农业农村数字化发展路径,本文选取数字化成效明显但路径不同的欧盟、美国、日本为典型案例,重点阐述其数字乡村与智慧农业发展模式、应用策略及其运行情况。研究发现,欧盟兼顾成员国差异性和数字市场统一性、实施多元协同路径,美国整合技术研发、人才培育、电子商务构建精准导向的数字链条矩阵,日本则把数字化建设重心放在应对老龄化和提升农业竞争力的智慧技术研发与应用方面。同时,各国家和地区在完善顶层政策设计、支持技术精准研发、鼓励部门参与合作等方面的经验积累值得借鉴。本文基于经验分析和中国现状提出重点关注数据基础、数据分析和数据管理三个领域的建设。

国外药物警戒体系建设现状探究及启示

目的:探讨欧盟、美国、韩国、日本和中国的药物警戒体系建设现状,为我国医疗机构药物警戒体系建设提供建议与参考。方法:对欧盟、美国、韩国和日本药物警戒体系建设现状进行分析,并与我国医疗机构药物警戒体系建设进行对比,提出我国的医疗机构药物警戒建设建议。结果与结论:药物警戒是药品安全监管的重要内容,贯穿药品全生命周期,我国应充分利用医疗机构报告主渠道优势,建立具有我国特色的医疗机构药物警戒体系,并强化风险监测和预警,促进临床安全用药。

欧美人工智能治理模式比较及启示

在国际竞争加剧的今天,人工智能成为了关乎国家安全的关键技术。人工智能治理不仅是各国国内政策的当务之急,也成为全球治理的一个全新领域。欧盟和美国是人工智能技术领域的领先者,也在全球人工智能治理中扮演重要角色。在人工智能治理模式上,欧盟采取的是基于权利和风险的“硬监管”模式,侧重在法律层面搭建全面的人工智能治理框架,以加强监管方面的领导力,发挥其“规范性力量”。美国采取的则是基于市场与技术的“软监管”模式,依赖总统行政令等“软法”进行治理,鼓励“行业自治”和“自我监管”,以保持在技术上的领导力。欧盟和美国在人工智能治理方面的差异具体体现在政策工具性质、治理机构设置以及治理过程中私营部门的参与三个方面。欧美人工智能治理模式的差异可以从政策传统、利益集团影响以及产业生态三个方面得到解释。欧美两种治理模式都是根据各自特殊情况探索出的合适道路,两者之间并不存在根本的冲突。中国具备调和欧美两种治理模式的潜力,找到一条平衡的人工智能治理道路。