AN APPROACH TO C SOFTWARE REUSE BASED ON DATABASE TECHNIQUES

This paper presents a tool for managing, reusing and analysing C software code based on database techniques. The abstract information of entire software code is stored in a program database that is the conceptual scheme of the entire software, whereas the reuse component is a subscheme. Relational algebra can be conveniently used to manage, analyse and reuse C code. In the tool, we can manage, analyse and reuse any components in the program database and rapidly extract source code of any components or construct the program code of a new system. The rule system is introduced in reusing source code.

Software Reuse: Developers’ Experiences and Perceptions

Reusing programs and other artifacts has been shown to be an effective strategy for significant reduction of development costs. This article reports on a survey of 128 developers to explore their experiences and perceptions about using other people’s code: to what extent does the “not invented here” attitude exist? The survey was structured around a novel and simple “4A” model, which is introduced in this article: for an organization to obtain any benefits from reusing code, four conditions must obtain: availability, awareness, accessibility, and acceptability. The greatest impediments to reuse were shown to be awareness of reusable code and developers’ perceptions of its acceptability for use on their new projects. For 72% of developers, the complexity of the old code was cited as a reason that the code was not reused. The survey also included developers’ suggestions for ways to take greater advantage of existing code and related artifacts.

Software Reuse in Cardiology Related Medical Database Using K-Means Clustering Technique

Software technology based on reuse is identified as a process of designing software for the reuse purpose. The software reuse is a process in which the existing software is used to build new software. A metric is a quantitative indicator of an attribute of an item/thing. Reusability is the likelihood for a segment of source code that can be used again to add new functionalities with slight or no modification. A lot of research has been projected using reusability in reducing code, domain, requirements, design etc., but very little work is reported using software reuse in medical domain. An attempt is made to bridge the gap in this direction, using the concepts of clustering and classifying the data based on the distance measures. In this paper cardiologic database is considered for study. The developed model will be useful for Doctors or Para-medics to find out the patient’s level in the cardiologic disease, deduce the medicines required in seconds and propose them to the patient. In order to measure the reusability K-means clustering algorithm is used.

Social Computing in Open Source Community:A Study of Software Reuse

Software projects are not developed in isolation but often build upon other open source resources. These projects form a kind of reference ecosystem regarded as a software world. Most of social computing works focus on social networks such as Facebook and weibo to mine information. However, few previous works analyze Open Source Community which could help developers conduct collaborative development. In this paper, we model the Java reference ecosystem as a network based on the reuse relationships of GitHub-hosted Java projects and analyze the characteristics and the patterns of this reference ecosystem by using community detection and pattern discovery algorithms. Our study indicates that (1) Developers prefer to reuse software limited in only a small part of projects with cross cutting functionality or advanced applications. (2) Developers usually select software reused with similar function widely depending on different requirements, resulting to different patterns. Based on these collective intelligence, our study opens up several possible future directions of reuse recommendation,which are considered as guidance of collaborative development.

How to manage a task-oriented virtual assistant software project:an experience report

Task-oriented virtual assistants are software systems that provide users with a natural language interface to complete domain-specific tasks.With the recent technological advances in natural language processing and machine learning,an increasing number of task-oriented virtual assistants have been developed.However,due to the well-known complexity and difficulties of the natural language understanding problem,it is challenging to manage a task-oriented virtual assistant software project.Meanwhile,the management and experience related to the development of virtual assistants are hardly studied or shared in the research community or industry,to the best of our knowledge.To bridge this knowledge gap,in this paper,we share our experience and the lessons that we have learned at managing a task-oriented virtual assistant software project at Microsoft.We believe that our practices and the lessons learned can provide a useful reference for other researchers and practitioners who aim to develop a virtual assistant system.Finally,we have developed a requirement management tool,named SpecSpace,which can facilitate the management of virtual assistant projects.

Process View of Reflection Mechanism for Reuse Software Architecture

Reflection mechanism for reuse software architecture （RMRSA） divides a software architecture into base-level architecture and meta-level architecture logically. Base-level architecture is the ordinary architecture; meta-level represents and manipulates the reusable meta-information of base-level architecture explicitly. Through reflection, the modification of meta-level architecture will result in the modification of the architecture in base-level. Then we can gain a new base-level architecture design. In this paper, we use π-calculus to define the constituents and their interaction processes of RMRSA, by these definition, we specify the business function in base-level at runtime, and illustrate the reflection mechanism between the base-level architecture and meta-level architecture.

基于过零点斜率加窗解调的ACARS信号接收方法

飞机通信寻址与报告系统(ACARS)允许飞机和地面站之间发送和接收报文,在保障飞行安全、实现空中交通管制等方面具有重要意义。通信链路的噪声和频偏是影响ACARS信号接收性能的关键因素。针对ACARS信号接收过程中的失真等问题,深入研究频偏、噪声等因素与ACARS报文接收性能之间的关系;在充分考虑噪声与多普勒频移等因素的基础上,提出基于过零点斜率加窗解调的ACARS信号接收方法,并从理论和仿真分析2方面探讨不同方法的抗频偏抗噪声能力;设计并搭建基于软件无线电平台的ACARS信号接收系统。通过对ACARS报文接收性能的仿真分析和真实报文接收性能的对比分析,表明所提方法在提升抗噪声和频偏能力、降低误码率等方面均具有优势。

基于CiteSpace软件的国内外矿业遗产的研究进展与展望

本文运用知识图谱理论,借助CiteSpace软件对国内外近十年以“矿业遗产(mining heritage)”为关键词所检索到的相关研究文献进行数据和信息的可视化分析,绘制研究关键词共现图谱、关键词突现图谱,进一步通过文献总结把握研究热点、预测演化趋势,从而推进矿业遗产研究的理论进步与实践优化。通过分析可知,矿业遗产的研究聚焦在其生态修复、价值评价、地下空间综合利用和旅游开发模式等方面。本文认为矿业遗产未来应从以下几个方面展开深入研究:加强矿业遗产生态环境测评、预警、监管的机制设计和实施管理研究;加强矿业遗产价值评估的标准化研究,推动建立“国家矿业遗产名录”;研究矿业遗产旅游开发与既有文化旅游事业的融合机制和融合模式;体系化地研究矿业遗产的旅游开发策略;加强与矿业遗产有关的跨区域、跨产业类型的遗产认知,如煤炭+运输工业遗产廊道等。

基于知识图谱的跨项目安全缺陷报告预测方法

安全缺陷报告可以描述软件产品中的安全关键漏洞.为了消除软件产品的安全攻击风险,安全缺陷报告(security bug report,SBR)预测越来越受到研究人员的关注.但在实际软件开发场景中,需要进行软件安全漏洞预测的项目可能是来自新公司或属于新启动的项目,没有足够的已标记安全缺陷报告供在实践中构建此软件安全漏洞预测模型.一种简单的解决方案就是使用迁移模型,即利用其他项目已经标记过的数据来构建预测模型.受到该领域最近的两项研究工作的启发,以安全关键字过滤为思路提出一种融合知识图谱的跨项目安全缺陷报告预测方法KG-SBRP(knowledge graph of security bug report prediction).使用安全缺陷报告中的文本信息域结合CWE(common weakness enumeration)与CVE Details(common vulnerabilities and exposures)共同构建三元组规则实体,以三元组规则实体构建安全漏洞知识图谱,在图谱中结合实体及其关系识别安全缺陷报告.将数据分为训练集和测试集进行模型拟合和性能评估.所构建的模型在7个不同规模的安全缺陷报告数据集上展开实证研究,研究结果表明,所提方法与当前主流方法FARSEC和Keyword matrix相比,在跨项目安全缺陷报告预测场景下,性能指标F1-score值可以平均提高11%,除此之外,在项目内安全缺陷报告预测场景下,F1-score值同样可以平均提高30%.

用于VSLAM系统的CNN在FPGA平台上的加速

为实现视觉同步定位与建图系统中卷积神经网络在FPGA上的加速,基于SuperPoint模型设计一种低功耗高效CNN加速器及相应的SoC系统。采用循环分块、数据复用、计算单元展开和双缓冲策略充分利用加速器的片上资源;为提高突发传输效率,预先对权重参数重排;提出Pack模块和Unpack模块,设计多通道数据传输,用于提高传输带宽。在Ultra96-V2 FPGA平台上部署整个SoC系统,在仅3 W左右的功耗下实现25.63 GOPS的吞吐量,其BRAM效率、DSP效率、性能密度和功耗效率相比之前的文献有明显优势。

“三生”空间视角下国内采矿迹地再利用研究进展、热点及趋势

采矿迹地再利用是推进资源型地区高质量发展的重要组成部分,也是实现新时期生态文明建设的必然要求。本文运用CiteSpace文献计量方法,以“采矿迹地再利用”知识谱系框架为主题,筛选中国知网(CNKI)数据库近30年的442篇相关研究文献,从研究时间、作者及发文机构、热点内容与前沿趋势对已有研究进行梳理,并立足“三生”空间视角进行归纳和总结。研究结果表明:①国内采矿迹地再利用关注度较强,各研究方向之间联系日渐紧密,研究机构之间网络体系趋向成熟,发展已进入平稳期。②“三生”空间视角下,围绕生产空间的土地复垦、生态园区建设、接续替代产业发展;生活空间维度的低效用地开发、产业“退二进三”;生态空间维度的生态修复、湿地公园建设等当前研究的主流开始呈现跨学科的纵深发展。③后续采矿迹地再利用的研究已逐步转向资源价值的再认识、资源型地区城乡融合发展与“三生”融合下的区域生态安全格局构建。该研究可为采矿迹地再利用与社会、经济、生态协调发展提供借鉴。

基于历史缺陷信息检索的语句级软件缺陷定位方法

软件在开发和维护过程中会产生大量缺陷报告,可为开发人员定位缺陷提供帮助.基于信息检索的缺陷定位方法通过分析缺陷报告内容和源码文件的相似度来定位缺陷所在位置,已在文件、函数等粗粒度级别上取得了较为精确的定位效果,但由于其定位粒度较粗,仍需要耗费大量人力和时间成本检查可疑文件和函数片段.为此,提出一种基于历史缺陷信息检索的语句级软件缺陷定位方法STMTLocator,首先检索出与被测程序缺陷报告相似度较高的历史缺陷报告,并提取其中的历史缺陷语句;然后根据被测程序源码文件与缺陷报告的文本相似度检索可疑文件,并提取其中的可疑语句;最后计算可疑语句与历史缺陷语句的相似度,并进行降序排列,以定位缺陷语句.为评估STMTLocator的缺陷定位性能,使用Top@N、MRR等评价指标在基于Defects4J和JIRA构建的数据集上进行对比实验.实验结果表明,相比静态缺陷定位方法BugLocator,STMTLocator在MRR指标上提升近4倍,在Top@1指标上多定位到7条缺陷语句;相比动态缺陷定位方法Metallaxis和DStar,STMTLocator完成一个版本缺陷定位平均消耗的时间减少98.37%和63.41%,且具有不需要设计和执行测试用例的显著优势.

Web Services-Based Test Report Generation

Tests involving a large number of test cases and test scenarios are always time- and effort- intensive, and use ad hoc approaches. Test management is needed to control the complexity and the qual- ity of the testing of large software systems. The reporting mechanism is critical for monitoring the testing progress, analyzing test results, and evaluating the test effectiveness for a disciplined testing process throughout the testing lifecycle. This paper presents an XML-based report generation method for large sys- tem testing. The service-oriented architecture enables flexible test report generation, presentation, and ex- change to facilitate collaboration in a distributed environment. The results show that proper reporting can ef- fectively improve the visibility of the testing process and that this web-based approach is critical to enhance communication among multiple testing groups.

RESEARCH ON REUSE-BASED WEB SERVICES COMPOSITION

Objective To solve the three principal problems for reusing the software components, i.e., existence, discovery and availability principles, web services provided a new solution for reusing and assembling web software or components under distributed environment with a series of XML-based protocols. Methods A 4+1 meta-model between atomic services, such as Sequence, Parallelism, Alternation, Substitute and Iteration, and a kind of service composition description language in composition process are investigated. Furthermore, an architecture-based service composition model with Ontology Engine is proposed, which is based on the software architecture life-cycle model and provides a mechanism for services composition with dynamic management and deployment. Results The results of the prototype system development show that the service-composed application not only reused the web service components, but also reused the data resources located in distributed databases. Conclusion The method of reused-based web services composition observably decreases the period and cost of development and greatly improves the programming efficiency.

面向二进制代码的细粒度软件多样化方法

现有软件多样化方法大多需要源代码,基于编译器生成变体二进制,而对二进制代码直接进行转换时由于缺乏调试信息导致难以正确逆向,且易造成高额的性能开销。为此,提出一种面向二进制代码的细粒度软件多样化方法。通过静态二进制重写技术以函数块为单位进行重排序,随机化函数在代码段中的原始位置,同时使程序的内存片段gadgets位置发生改变,使得攻击者对程序的先验知识失效,以防御大规模代码重用攻击。为了进一步提高攻击者破解难度,对基本块内的指令进行依赖性分析,实现基本块内指令随机化,同时使得随机化后基本块的原始语义不变。性能测试结果表明,函数重排序对gadgets存活率的影响大于基本块内指令重排序,两者同时使用时程序的gadgets平均存活率为5.71%;模糊哈希算法Tlsh比较结果显示,该方法能够有效躲避同源性检测;使用工具Bindiff进行测试的结果表明,多样化后基本块内指令重排序的异构度大于函数重排序,且在基准测试集SPEC CPU2006上函数重排序和指令重排序同时使用时平均运行开销仅为3.1%,具有良好的实用性。

Research on Modeling and Reusing of Computer Numerical Control Software with Object-oriented Technology

To improve the reusable and configurable ability of computer numerical control ( CNC ) software, a new method to construct reusable model of CNC software with object-oriented (OO) technology is proposed. Based on analyzing function of CNC software, the article presents how to construct a general class library of CNC software with OO technology. Most function modules of CNC software can he reused because of inheritable capability of classes. Besides, the article analyzes the object relational model in request/report mode, and multitask concurrent management model, which can he applied on double-CPU hardware platform and Windows 95/NT environment. Finally, the method has been successfully applied on a turning CNC system and a milling CNC system, and some function modules have been reused.

Recommender System for Configuration Management Process of Entrepreneurial Software Designing Firms

The rapid growth in software demand incentivizes software development organizations to develop exclusive software for their customers worldwide.This problem is addressed by the software development industry by software product line(SPL)practices that employ feature models.However,optimal feature selection based on user requirements is a challenging task.Thus,there is a requirement to resolve the challenges of software development,to increase satisfaction and maintain high product quality,for massive customer needs within limited resources.In this work,we propose a recommender system for the development team and clients to increase productivity and quality by utilizing historical information and prior experiences of similar developers and clients.The proposed system recommends features with their estimated cost concerning new software requirements,from all over the globe according to similar developers’and clients’needs and preferences.The system guides and facilitates the development team by suggesting a list of features,code snippets,libraries,cheat sheets of programming languages,and coding references from a cloud-based knowledge management repository.Similarly,a list of features is suggested to the client according to their needs and preferences.The experimental results revealed that the proposed recommender system is feasible and effective,providing better recommendations to developers and clients.It provides proper and reasonably well-estimated costs to perform development tasks effectively as well as increase the client’s satisfaction level.The results indicate that there is an increase in productivity,performance,and quality of products and a reduction in effort,complexity,and system failure.Therefore,our proposed system facilitates developers and clients during development by providing better recommendations in terms of solutions and anticipated costs.Thus,the increase in productivity and satisfaction level maximizes the benefits and usability of SPL in the modern era of technology.

国家地震烈度速报与预警工程定制软件总体设计

国家地震烈度速报与预警工程现已建设世界上规模最大的、总数超过15000个台站的地震烈度速报与预警观测站网。定制软件是预警工程的核心内容之一,将实现我国地震观测领域数据处理系统的全面升级。本文结合定制软件项目建设目标、业务功能需求等情况,从设计思路、总体架构、分系统功能、部署方式、性能指标和关键技术指标等方面对定制软件总体设计进行介绍。定制软件的总体设计契合预警业务功能需求,使得预警工程具备高稳定性、低延时、高可靠度、高处理性能的数据处理、紧急地震信息服务、数据综合服务和技术支持与保障能力,使地震预警和烈度速报两大功能得到落实,使工程项目的防震减灾效能得到切实体现。

Assessment and Prediction of Software Reliability in Mobile Applications

Software reliability is an important quality attribute, and software reliability models are frequently used to measure and predict software maturity. The nature of mobile environments differs from that of PC and server environments due to many factors, such as the network, energy, battery, and compatibility. Evaluating and predicting mobile application reliability are real challenges because of the diversity of the mobile environments in which the applications are used, and the lack of publicly available defect data. In addition, bug reports are optionally submitted by end-users. In this paper, we propose assessing and predicting the reliability of a mobile application using known software reliability growth models (SRGMs). Four software reliability models are used to evaluate the reliability of an open-source mobile application through analyzing bug reports. Our experiment proves it is possible to use SRGMs with defect data acquired from bug reports to assess and predict the software reliability in mobile applications. The results of our work enable software developers and testers to assess and predict the reliability of mobile software applications.

基于DO-178的机载软件重用方法研究

以DO-178B/C软件重用标准为基础,将先前开发软件分为已通过和未通过适航合格审定的PDS,构建了PDS软件的评估准则和评估方法,将PDS的评估结果与标准进行对照,能够快速定位PDS的重用要求和应采取的过程活动。实践表明,通过重用已通过适航合格审定的PDS软件的部分数据,可以有效提升软件开发效率。针对未通过适航合格审定的PDS软件重用,本文也提供了一种差距分析方法,对照分析PDS软件与目标要求的差距,用以评估所需的额外工作量。