【目的】探究酪氨酸酶相关蛋白1b(tyrosinase-related protein 1b,TYRP1b)基因变异与斑马鱼体色性状的相关性。【方法】以体色表型存在显著差异的红色、黄色和蓝色斑马鱼共计219个样本的肌肉组织DNA为模板,设计3对引物,采用PCR扩增、San...【目的】探究酪氨酸酶相关蛋白1b(tyrosinase-related protein 1b,TYRP1b)基因变异与斑马鱼体色性状的相关性。【方法】以体色表型存在显著差异的红色、黄色和蓝色斑马鱼共计219个样本的肌肉组织DNA为模板,设计3对引物,采用PCR扩增、Sanger测序技术筛查TYRP1b基因单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphisms,SNPs),并将SNPs与斑马鱼体色性状进行关联分析。【结果】获得的斑马鱼TYRP1b基因外显子2、部分内含子3、外显子4、内含子4、外显子5、内含子5、外显子6和外显子7长度分别为134、212、168、135、180、113、150、171 bp。SNPs筛查显示,3种体色斑马鱼群体共筛查到18个SNPs,部分内含子3存在11个SNPs位点:g.2125G>A、g.2150G>A、g.2152G>T、g.2161C>A、g.2175A>T、g.2180G>T、g.2185A>T、g.2192A>C、g.2200A>T、g.2201A>C和g.2213T>C;内含子4检测到4个SNPs位点:g.7C>A、g.65A>G、g.84T>A和g.103C>T;内含子5存在1个SNPs位点:g.61G>T;外显子4、6分别存在1个SNPs位点:g.125G>T和g.80T>A,且均为同义突变;外显子2、5和7均未检测到SNPs。关联分析表明,TYRP1b基因内含子3中g.2152G>T、g.2175A>T、g.2180T>G、g.2192A>C、g.2200A>T、g.2201A>C位点、内含子4中g.65A>G位点及外显子6中g.80T>A位点的基因型均与斑马鱼体色性状极显著相关(P<0.01)。【结论】斑马鱼TYRP1b基因内含子3、4及外显子6存在8个与体色表型存在关联的SNPs,可能影响斑马鱼体色性状或与之紧密连锁。展开更多
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) genetic screens allow isolation of a wide array of problems in vertebrate biology. The effects of base analogues 5-bromouracil and 6-aminopurine on the development of zebrafish embryos are repo...Zebrafish (Danio rerio) genetic screens allow isolation of a wide array of problems in vertebrate biology. The effects of base analogues 5-bromouracil and 6-aminopurine on the development of zebrafish embryos are reported for the first time in this study. The early development of the zebrafish embryos was little affected by 5-bromouracil and 6-aminopurine, while the late development (organogenesis) was significantly impaired. Embryos exposed to 5-bromouracil mainly showed curled tail, wavy body, golden pigmentation and the mouth with protruding lower jaw. 6-aminopurine-treated embryos had defective anterior structures, curled tails and wavy body. RAPD analysis showed that the majority of 5-bromouracil- and 6-aminopurine-treated larvae and fish shared banding patterns in common with the control, suggesting that most mutagenesis induced by these agents are point mutations. However, some fish derived from 5-bromouracil-treated embryos had golden (gol) pigmentation; and RAPD analysis revealed that their band patterns differed from those of the control. Possibly, 5-bromouracil can occasionally cause relatively extensive changes in the fish genome. The results of this study may provide valuable help for detailed studies of mutagenesis.展开更多
Estradiol, or 17-β-estradiol (E2), the most potent naturally occurring estrogen, is involved in the hormone-immune system interaction in both mammals and fish. However, in vivo studies are largely limited, and little...Estradiol, or 17-β-estradiol (E2), the most potent naturally occurring estrogen, is involved in the hormone-immune system interaction in both mammals and fish. However, in vivo studies are largely limited, and little is known about whether E2 exerts similar effects on both female and male zebrafish (Danio rerio). Here, we show exposure of both sexes of D. rerio to 20 nmol/L E2 resulted in a significant increase in Vg1 expression, but caused little damage to the hepatocytes, suggesting that this is the optimum E2 concentration. Also, exposure to 20 nmol/L E2 for 20 days caused a marked increase in plasma IgM levels, but had little influence on the peripheral leukocyte density, providing the first evidence of a hormone-immune system interaction in this species.展开更多
小球藻、大型溞和斑马鱼作为水生生态系统中第一、二和三营养级,是构成简单水生食物链的重要成员,参与了水生生态系统中的物质循环和能量流动。为了阐明灭多威对食物链上处于不同生态位的水生生物的毒性效应,采用半静态水质接触急性试...小球藻、大型溞和斑马鱼作为水生生态系统中第一、二和三营养级,是构成简单水生食物链的重要成员,参与了水生生态系统中的物质循环和能量流动。为了阐明灭多威对食物链上处于不同生态位的水生生物的毒性效应,采用半静态水质接触急性试验法研究了灭多威对小球藻、大型溞、斑马鱼的急性毒性。结果表明,灭多威对小球藻的96 h EC_(50)为6.76 mg/L,对大型溞的24、48、96 h LC_(50)分别为57.37、22.23、12.58μg/L,对斑马鱼的24、48、96 h LC_(50)分别为8.64、5.00、2.12 mg/L。根据农药毒性分级标准,农药灭多威在普通小球藻、大型溞、斑马鱼上分别表现为中毒性、极高毒性和高毒性,在自然环境下极易导致藻、溞、鱼急性中毒死亡。灭多威对小球藻、大型溞、斑马鱼的安全浓度分别为0.676 mg/L、1.26μg/L、0.212 mg/L,其对上述水生生物的毒性大小顺序为:溞类>鱼类>藻类。展开更多
基金This work was supported by Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of China (G 1999012005).
文摘Zebrafish (Danio rerio) genetic screens allow isolation of a wide array of problems in vertebrate biology. The effects of base analogues 5-bromouracil and 6-aminopurine on the development of zebrafish embryos are reported for the first time in this study. The early development of the zebrafish embryos was little affected by 5-bromouracil and 6-aminopurine, while the late development (organogenesis) was significantly impaired. Embryos exposed to 5-bromouracil mainly showed curled tail, wavy body, golden pigmentation and the mouth with protruding lower jaw. 6-aminopurine-treated embryos had defective anterior structures, curled tails and wavy body. RAPD analysis showed that the majority of 5-bromouracil- and 6-aminopurine-treated larvae and fish shared banding patterns in common with the control, suggesting that most mutagenesis induced by these agents are point mutations. However, some fish derived from 5-bromouracil-treated embryos had golden (gol) pigmentation; and RAPD analysis revealed that their band patterns differed from those of the control. Possibly, 5-bromouracil can occasionally cause relatively extensive changes in the fish genome. The results of this study may provide valuable help for detailed studies of mutagenesis.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. 2007ZRB02238)the Natural Science Foundation of Qingdao Municipality (No. 06-2-2-15-jch)
文摘Estradiol, or 17-β-estradiol (E2), the most potent naturally occurring estrogen, is involved in the hormone-immune system interaction in both mammals and fish. However, in vivo studies are largely limited, and little is known about whether E2 exerts similar effects on both female and male zebrafish (Danio rerio). Here, we show exposure of both sexes of D. rerio to 20 nmol/L E2 resulted in a significant increase in Vg1 expression, but caused little damage to the hepatocytes, suggesting that this is the optimum E2 concentration. Also, exposure to 20 nmol/L E2 for 20 days caused a marked increase in plasma IgM levels, but had little influence on the peripheral leukocyte density, providing the first evidence of a hormone-immune system interaction in this species.
文摘小球藻、大型溞和斑马鱼作为水生生态系统中第一、二和三营养级,是构成简单水生食物链的重要成员,参与了水生生态系统中的物质循环和能量流动。为了阐明灭多威对食物链上处于不同生态位的水生生物的毒性效应,采用半静态水质接触急性试验法研究了灭多威对小球藻、大型溞、斑马鱼的急性毒性。结果表明,灭多威对小球藻的96 h EC_(50)为6.76 mg/L,对大型溞的24、48、96 h LC_(50)分别为57.37、22.23、12.58μg/L,对斑马鱼的24、48、96 h LC_(50)分别为8.64、5.00、2.12 mg/L。根据农药毒性分级标准,农药灭多威在普通小球藻、大型溞、斑马鱼上分别表现为中毒性、极高毒性和高毒性,在自然环境下极易导致藻、溞、鱼急性中毒死亡。灭多威对小球藻、大型溞、斑马鱼的安全浓度分别为0.676 mg/L、1.26μg/L、0.212 mg/L,其对上述水生生物的毒性大小顺序为:溞类>鱼类>藻类。