Lysine-specific demethylase 1 inhibitor rescues the osteogenic ability of mesenchymal stem cells under osteoporotic conditions by modulating H3K4 methylation

Bone tissue engineering may be hindered by underlying osteoporosis because of a decreased osteogenic ability of autologous seed cells and an unfavorably changed microenvironment in these patients. Epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the developmental origins of osteoporosis; however, few studies have investigated the potential of epigenetic therapy to improve or rescue the osteogenic ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMMSCs) under osteoporotic conditions. Here, we investigated pargyline, an inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1(LSD1), which mainly catalyzes the demethylation of the di- and mono-methylation of H3K4. We demonstrated that 1.5 mmol·Lpargyline was the optimal concentration for the osteogenic differentiation of human BMMSCs. Pargyline rescued the osteogenic differentiation ability of mouse BMMSCs under osteoporotic conditions by enhancing the dimethylation level of H3K4 at the promoter regions of osteogenesis-related genes. Moreover, pargyline partially rescued or prevented the osteoporotic conditions in aged or ovariectomized mouse models, respectively. By introducing the concept of epigenetic therapy into the field of osteoporosis, this study demonstrated that LSD1 inhibitors could improve the clinical practice of MSC-based bone tissue engineering and proposes their novel use to treat osteoporosis.

Endocytosis-mediated Mitochondrial Transplantation:Transferring Mormal Human Astrocytic Mitochondria into Glioma Cells Rescues Aerobic Respiration and Enhances Radiosensitivity

Emerging evidence indicates that reprogramming of energy metabolism involving disturbances in energy production from a defect in cellular respiration with a shift to glvcolvsis is a core hallmark of cancer[1].

An overview of cetacean strandings, bycatches and rescues along the western coast of the Taiwan Strait, China: 2010–2015

The analysis of cetacean strandings can provide fundamental information about species diversity and composition in a particular region. The present study collected and analyzed cetacean strandings, bycatches and rescues along the western coast of the Taiwan Strait, China, from 2010 to 2015. In total, 48 records, including 37 strandings, 8 bycatches and 3 rescues, involving 13 known species were collected. Among them, Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins（Sousa chinensis） and finless porpoises（Neophocaena phocaenoides） were the most common species, consisting of 31.3% and 25%, respectively. Notably, 10 out of the 48（20.8%） records were collected from the Pingtan Island and included 3 species of Mysticeti and 4 species of Odontoceti. Finally, we compared the cetacean species composition between the western and eastern coasts of the Taiwan Strait; 31 cetacean species occurred in the Taiwan Strait, indicating a relatively high cetacean diversity in this region. Systematic field surveys are urgently needed to explore the cetacean species composition, population stock and the related habitat status in the Taiwan Strait, which may improve conservation management in the future.

NDUFA8 potentially rescues Wolbachia-induced cytoplasmic incompatibility in Laodelphax striatellus

The endosymbiont Wolbachia manipulates host reproduction by several strategies, one of the most important of which is cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). CI can be rescued when Wolbachia-infected males mate with females infected with the same Wolbachia strain. However, the potential rescue mechanism of CI in the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus is unclear. In this study, comparative transcriptome analysis was applied to explore the effect of Wolbachia on L. striatellus eggs. A total of 1387 differentially expressed genes were identified. RNA interference of 7 Wolbachia-upregulated key planthopper genes reduced egg reproduction, suggesting that Wolbachia might improve fecundity in L. striatellus by affecting these 7 genes. Suppressing the expression of another upregulated gene, NDUFA8 (encoding NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 α subcomplex subunit 8-like) by RNA interference significantly increased the mortality of early embryos without affecting the number of deposited eggs. Wolbachia infection upregulated the mRNA level of NDUFA8, and dsNDUFA8 treatment of Wolbachia-infected females recreated CI-like symptoms, suggesting that NDUFA8 is associated with the rescue phenotype. Because all L. striatellus populations worldwide are infected with Wolbachia, NDUFA8 is a potential pest control target.

Real-time Rescue Target Detection Based on UAV Imagery for Flood Emergency Response

Timely acquisition of rescue target information is critical for emergency response after a flood disaster.Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)equipped with remote sensing capabilities offer distinct advantages,including high-resolution imagery and exceptional mobility,making them well suited for monitoring flood extent and identifying rescue targets during floods.However,there are some challenges in interpreting rescue information in real time from flood images captured by UAVs,such as the complexity of the scenarios of UAV images,the lack of flood rescue target detection datasets and the limited real-time processing capabilities of the airborne on-board platform.Thus,we propose a real-time rescue target detection method for UAVs that is capable of efficiently delineating flood extent and identifying rescue targets(i.e.,pedestrians and vehicles trapped by floods).The proposed method achieves real-time rescue information extraction for UAV platforms by lightweight processing and fusion of flood extent extraction model and target detection model.The flood inundation range is extracted by the proposed method in real time and detects targets such as people and vehicles to be rescued based on this layer.Our experimental results demonstrate that the Intersection over Union(IoU)for flood water extraction reaches an impressive 80%,and the IoU for real-time flood water extraction stands at a commendable 76.4%.The information on flood stricken targets extracted by this method in real time can be used for flood emergency rescue.

TWO INNOVATIVE COALITION FORMATION MODELS FOR DYNAMIC TASK ALLOCATION IN DISASTER RESCUES

This paper addresses the problem of multi-objective coalition formation for task allocation. In disaster rescue, due to the dynamics of environments, heterogeneity and complexity of tasks as well as limited available agents, it is hard for the single-objective and single （task）-to-single （agent） task allocation approaches to handle task allocation in such circumstances. To this end, two multi-objective coalition formation for task allocation models are proposed for disaster rescues in this paper. First, through coalition formation, the proposed models enable agents to cooperatively perform complex tasks that cannot be completed by single agent. In addition, through adjusting the weights of multiple task allocation objectives, the proposed models can employ the linear programming to generate more adaptive task allocation plans, which can satisfy different task allocation requirements in disaster rescue. Finally, through employing the multi-stage task allocation mechanism of the dynamic programming, the proposed models can handle the dynamics of tasks and agents in disaster environments. Experimental results indicate that the proposed models have good performance on coalition formation for task allocation in disaster environments, which can generate suitable task allocation plans according to various objectives of task allocation.

Substitutions of stem-loop subdomains in internal ribosome entry site of Senecavirus A:Impacts on rescue of sequence-modifying viruses

Senecavirus A(SVA)has a positive-sense,single-stranded RNA genome.Its 5´untranslated region harbors an internal ribosome entry site(IRES),comprising 10 larger or smaller stem-loop structures(including a pseudoknot)that have been demonstrated to be well conserved.However,it is still unclear whether each stem-loop subdomain,such as a single stem or loop,is also highly conserved.To clarify this issue in the present study,a set of 29 SVA cDNA clones were constructed by site-directed mutagenesis(SDM)on the IRES.The SDM-modified scenarios included:(1)stem-formed complementary sequences exchanging with each other;(2)loop transversion;(3)loop transition;and(4)point mutations.All cDNA clones were separately transfected into cells for rescuing viable viruses,whereas only four SVAs of interest could be recovered,and were genetically stable during 20 passages.One progeny grew significantly slower than the other three did.The dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that none of the SDM-modified IRESes significantly inhibited the IRES activity.Our previous study indicated that a single motif from any of the ten stem structures,if completely mutated,would cause the failure of virus recovery.Interestingly,our present study revealed three stem structures,whose individual complementary sequences could exchange with each other to rescue sequence-modifying SVAs.Moreover,one apical loop was demonstrated to have the ability to tolerate its own full-length transition,also having no impact on the recovery of sequence-modifying SVA.The present study suggested that not every stem-loop structure was strictly conserved in its conformation,while the full-length IRES itself was well conserved.This provides a new research direction on interaction between the IRES and many factors.

Vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual regimen with Saccharomyces boulardii as a rescue therapy for Helicobacter pylori:Current perspectives and implications

Yu et al’s study in the World Journal of Gastroenterology(2023)introduced a novel regimen of Vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy combined with Saccharomyces boulardii(S.boulardii)for the rescue therapy against Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori),a pathogen responsible for peptic ulcers and gastric cancer.Vonoprazan is a potassium-competitive acid blocker renowned for its rapid and long-lasting acid suppression,which is minimally affected by mealtime.Compared to proton pump inhibitors,which bind irreversibly to cysteine residues in the H+/K+-ATPase pump,Vonoprazan competes with the K+ions,prevents the ions from binding to the pump and blocks acid secretion.Concerns with increasing antibiotic resistance,effects on the gut microbiota,patient compliance,and side effects have led to the advent of a dual regimen for H.pylori.Previous studies suggested that S.boulardii plays a role in stabilizing the gut barrier which improves H.pylori eradication rate.With an acceptable safety profile,the dual-adjunct regimen was effective regardless of prior treatment failure and antibiotic resistance profile,thereby strengthening the applicability in clinical settings.Nonetheless,S.boulardii comes in various formulations and dosages,warranting further exploration into the optimal dosage for supplementation in rescue therapy.Additionally,larger,randomized,double-blinded controlled trials are warranted to confirm these promising results.

Failure to Rescue as a Quality Metric in Congenital Heart Surgeries in a High-Complexity Service Provider Institution Located in a Middle-Income Country

Background:Failure to rescue has been an effective quality metric in congenital heart surgery.Conversely,mor-bidity and mortality depend greatly on non-modifiable individual factors and have a weak correlation with better-quality performance.We aim to measure the complications,mortality,and risk factors in pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart surgery in a high-complexity institution located in a middle-income country and compare it with other institutions that have conducted a similar study.Methods:A retrospective observational study was conducted in a high-complexity service provider institution,in Cali,Colombia.All pediatric patients undergoing any congenital heart surgery between 2019 and 2022 were included.The main outcomes evaluated in the study were complication,mortality,and failure to rescue rate.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed with mortality as the outcome variable.Results:We evaluated 308 congenital heart sur-geries.Regarding the outcomes,201(65%)complications occurred,23(7.5%)patients died,and the FTR of the entire cohort was 11.4%.The presence of a postoperative complication(OR 14.88,CI 3.06–268.37,p=0.009),age(OR 0.79,CI 0.57–0.96,p=0.068),and urgent/emergent surgery(OR 8.14,CI 2.97–28.66,p<0.001)were the most significant variables in predicting mortality.Conclusions:Failure to rescue is an effective and comparable quality measure in healthcare institutions and is the major contributor to postoperative mortality in congenital heart surgeries.Despite our higher mortality and complication rate,we obtained a comparable failure to rescue rate to high-income countries’health institutions.

Rescue from complications after pancreaticoduodenectomies at a low-volume Caribbean center:Value of tailored peri-pancreatectomy protocols

BACKGROUND Pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)is a technically complex operation,with a re-latively high risk for complications.The ability to rescue patients from post-PD complications is as a recognized quality measure.Tailored protocols were instituted at our low volume facility in the year 2013.AIM To document the rate of rescue from post-PD complications with tailored protocols in place as a measure of quality.METHODS A retrospective audit was performed to collect data from patients who experienced major post-PD complications at a low volume pancreatic surgery unit in Trinidad and Tobago between January 1,2013 and June 30,2023.Stan-dardized definitions from the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery were used to define post-PD complications,and the modified Clavien-Dindo classification was used to classify post-PD complications.RESULTS Over the study period,113 patients at a mean age of 57.5 years(standard deviation[SD]±9.23;range:30-90;median:56)underwent PDs at this facility.Major complications were recorded in 33(29.2%)patients at a mean age of 53.8 years(SD:±7.9).Twenty-nine(87.9%)patients who experienced major morbidity were salvaged after aggre-ssive treatment of their complication.Four(3.5%)died from bleeding pseudoaneurysm(1),septic shock secondary to a bile leak(1),anastomotic leak(1),and myocardial infarction(1).There was a significantly greater salvage rate in patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists scores≤2(93.3%vs 25%;P=0.0024).CONCLUSION This paper adds to the growing body of evidence that volume alone should not be used as a marker of quality for patients requiring PD.Despite low volumes at our facility,we demonstrated that 87.9%of patients were rescued from major complications.We attributed this to several factors including development of rescue protocols,the competence of the pancreatic surgery teams and continuous,and adaptive learning by the entire institution,cul-minating in the development of tailored peri-pancreatectomy protocols.

Benchmarking YOLOv5 models for improved human detection in search and rescue missions

Drone or unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)technology has undergone significant changes.The technology allows UAV to carry out a wide range of tasks with an increasing level of sophistication,since drones can cover a large area with cameras.Meanwhile,the increasing number of computer vision applications utilizing deep learning provides a unique insight into such applications.The primary target in UAV-based detection applications is humans,yet aerial recordings are not included in the massive datasets used to train object detectors,which makes it necessary to gather the model data from such platforms.You only look once(YOLO)version 4,RetinaNet,faster region-based convolutional neural network(R-CNN),and cascade R-CNN are several well-known detectors that have been studied in the past using a variety of datasets to replicate rescue scenes.Here,we used the search and rescue(SAR)dataset to train the you only look once version 5(YOLOv5)algorithm to validate its speed,accuracy,and low false detection rate.In comparison to YOLOv4 and R-CNN,the highest mean average accuracy of 96.9%is obtained by YOLOv5.For comparison,experimental findings utilizing the SAR and the human rescue imaging database on land(HERIDAL)datasets are presented.The results show that the YOLOv5-based approach is the most successful human detection model for SAR missions.

The Association between Fear of COVID-19,Obsession with COVID-19,and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Korean Emergency Rescue Firefighters:A Cross-Sectional Study

During the rapid spread of COVID-19,first responders are at risk of being exposed to COVID-19 due to their role in providing first aid and responding to an unspecified number of people.This uncertainty can have adverse mental health effects,such as increased anxiety and fear.This study aimed to investigate the degree of association between fear of COVID-19,obsession with COVID-19,and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)in emergency rescue firefighters.The participants were 150 emergency rescue firefighters working in Region S,Korea.They filled out self-report questionnaires:The data obtained through the Fear of COVID-19 Scale,Obsession with COVID-19 Scale,and Impact of Event Scale-Revised Korean version were subjected to nonparametric statistical analysis using SPSS WIN 25.0.The study found a significant correlation between emergency rescue firefighters’fear of COVID-19,obsession with COVID-19,and PTSD.Fear and obsession with COVID-19 were higher among first responder firefighters who were directly involved in COVID-19-related tasks.Furthermore,a one-point increase in obsession was associated with a 2.837-point increase in PTSD.Based on the results,we found that there is a need for effective control of obsessions and fears among first responder firefighters during COVID-19,and we suggest that there is a need for mental health care for first responder firefighters during the pandemic through the development and support of programs to prevent and mitigate obsessions.

Assessment of Meteorological Threats to the Coordinated Search and Rescue of Unmanned/Manned Aircraft

The architecture and working principle of coordinated search and rescue system of unmanned/manned aircraft,which is composed of manned/unmanned aircraft and manned aircraft,were first introduced,and they can cooperate with each other to complete a search and rescue task.Secondly,a threat assessment method based on meteorological data was proposed,and potential meteorological threats,such as storms and rainfall,can be predicted by collecting and analyzing meteorological data.Finally,an experiment was carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed method in different scenarios.The experimental results show that the coordinated search and rescue system of unmanned/manned aircraft can be used to effectively assess meteorological threats and provide accurate search and rescue guidance.

英雄小狗,挽救生命

狗聪明、有洞察力、精力充沛,甚至是现实生活中的英雄。主题语境:人与动物篇幅:346词建议用时:7分钟1 Dogs are incredible. They can be intelligent, insightful, energetic, and real-life heroes! Today, we are commending a dog named Axel, a hero to his whole family. 2 Rescued by the Tanner family in Spring, Axel is about one year old. On August 26, 2023, Axel awakened his owners, Daines and Amanda Tanner, at 5:00 am. Thinking the dog just wanted out, Daines sleepily opened the door. But Axel had stopped in front of the door leading to their 17-year-old son's room and wouldn't budge.

改变人生的礼物

Thanks to the charitable organization Rescue 2000,an elderly woman who had been living in terrible conditions for 32 years finally has a brand new home.82yearold Ibu Latris former residence provided her with the bare minimal shelter from the elements.However,with the help of generous donors,Rescue 2000 was able to build her a beautiful house where shell be way more comfortable.Cris Araya,the founder of the nonprofit,recently shared footage of Ibus upgraded home.

Structural Design Study of Air-Dropped Unmanned Maritime Mobile Search and Rescue Platforms

In order to improve the efficiency and safety of search and rescue(SAR)at sea,this paper proposes a kind of emergency rapid rescue unmanned craft(air-dropped unmanned maritime motorized search and rescue platform)that can be delivered by a large transport aircraft.This paper studies the structural design scheme of the platform,and the main scale of the platform,the choice of power system and the impact resistance performance are considered in the design process to ensure its rapid response and effective rescue capability under complex sea conditions.Simulation results show that the platform can withstand the impact of air injection into the water and the shipboard equipment can operate normally under the impact load,thus verifying the feasibility and safety of the design.This study serves to improve the maritime search and rescue system and enhance the oceanic emergency response capability.

British Navy Rescues Man Adrift in Caribbean

高速游艇在海上发生了故障,Lenny Leon Peter便在海上漂泊了 26日,终于被英国 HMS Grafton号护卫舰发现,而九死一生。文章中两次出现了spot一词,而不是用see,discover等动词,值得体味。因为spot的确切含义是:todetect or discern,especially visually/辨认或认出,特别指用眼睛看出。有趣的是,文中出现了lookout一词,其确切含义,你可要当心哟。

Third-line and rescue therapy for refractory Helicobacter pylori infection: A systematic review

BACKGROUND Due to increasing resistance rates of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)to different antibiotics,failures in eradication therapies are becoming more frequent.Even though eradication criteria and treatment algorithms for first-line and second-line therapy against H.pylori infection are well-established,there is no clear recommendation for third-line and rescue therapy in refractory H.pylori infection.AIM To perform a systematic review evaluating the efficacy and safety of rescue therapies against refractory H.pylori infection.METHODS A systematic search of available rescue treatments for refractory H.pylori infection was conducted on the National Library of Medicine’s PubMed search platform based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Randomized or non-randomized clinical trials and observational studies evaluating the effectiveness of H.pylori infection rescue therapies were included.RESULTS Twenty-eight studies were included in the analysis of mean eradication rates as rescue therapy,and 21 of these were selected for analysis of mean eradication rate as third-line treatment.For rifabutin-,sitafloxacin-,levofloxacin-,or metronidazole-based triple-therapy as third-line treatment,mean eradication rates of 81.6%and 84.4%,79.4%and 81.5%,55.7%and 60.6%,and 62.0%and 63.0%were found in intention-to-treat(ITT)and per-protocol(PP)analysis,respectively.For third-line quadruple therapy,mean eradication rates of 69.2%and 72.1%were found for bismuth quadruple therapy(BQT),88.9%and 90.9%for bismuth quadruple therapy,three-in-one,Pylera®(BQT-Pylera),and 61.3%and 64.2%for non-BQT)in ITT and PP analysis,respectively.For rifabutin-,sitafloxacin-,levofloxacin-,or metronidazole-based triple therapy as rescue therapy,mean eradication rates of 75.4%and 78.8%,79.4 and 81.5%,55.7%and 60.6%,and 62.0%and 63.0%were found in ITT and PP analysis,respectively.For quadruple therapy as rescue treatment,mean eradication rates of 76.7%and 79.2%for BQT,84.9%and 87.8%for BQT-Pylera,and 61.3%and 64.2%for non-BQT were found in ITT and PP analysis,respectively.For susceptibility-guided therapy,mean eradication rates as third-line and rescue treatment were 75.0%in ITT and 79.2%in PP analysis.CONCLUSION We recommend sitafloxacin-based triple therapy containing vonoprazan in regions with low macrolide resistance profile.In regions with known resistance to macrolides or unavailability of bismuth,rifabutin-based triple therapy is recommended.

Complexity responses of Rhododendron species to climate change in China reveal their urgent need for protection

Global climate change has been widely recognized as important factors that threaten biodiversity.Rhododendron species are not only famous woody ornamental plants worldwide but are also indispensable components in alpine and subalpine vegetation in southwest China.However,the geographical distribution ranges response of this broad taxonomic group to future climate change remains not be fully understood.Herein,we studied the impact of climate change on the distribution of Rhododendron species in China by predicting the changes in their suitable habitats,centroid,and species richness under three climate change scenarios(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5)in the 2090s.The species richness changes of Rhododendrons along altitude were also evaluated.In addition,we calculated the phylogenetic signals of distribution response to climate change.We found that the distribution responses of Rhododendron to climate change have weak phylogenetic signals.In the 2090s,the suitable habitats of about 87%of Rhododendron species will be reduced,77%of Rhododendron species are manifested as northward migration.The high species richness of Rhododendrons tends to migrate to transboundary areas with high altitudes in China.Some Rhododendron species with no concern previously should be taken seriously for their high risk of habitat loss under climate change.Thus,the urgent protection of Rhododendron species under climate change need to be paid more attention than previous acknowledged.We recommend carrying out the reintroduction of endangered species in future suitable habitat,strengthening the protection of transboundary areas with high species richness,and focusing on species with few concerns previously.

Safety and effectiveness of vonoprazan-based rescue therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection

BACKGROUND Vonoprazan(VPZ)-based regimens are an effective first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.However,their value as a rescue therapy needs to be explored.AIM To assess a VPZ-based regimen as H.pylori rescue therapy.METHODS This prospective,single-center,clinical trial was conducted between January and August 2022.Patients with a history of H.pylori treatment failure were administered 20 mg VPZ twice daily,750 mg amoxicillin 3 times daily,and 250 mg Saccharomyces boulardii(S.boulardii)twice daily for 14 d(14-d VAS regimen).VPZ and S.boulardii were taken before meals,while amoxicillin was taken after meals.Within 3 d after the end of eradication therapy,all patients were asked to fill in a questionnaire to assess any adverse events they may have experienced.At least 4-6 wk after the end of eradication therapy,eradication success was assessed using a 13C-urea breath test,and factors associated with eradication success were explored.RESULTS Herein,103 patients were assessed,and 68 patients were finally included.All included patients had 1-3 previous eradication failures.The overall eradication rates calculated using intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses were 92.6%(63/68)and 92.3%(60/65),respectively.The eradication rate did not differ with the number of treatment failures(P=0.433).The rates of clarithromycin,metronidazole,and levofloxacin resistance were 91.3%(21/23),100.0%(23/23),and 60.9%(14/23),respectively.There were no cases of resistance to tetracycline,amoxicillin,or furazolidone.In 60.9%(14/23)patients,the H.pylori isolate was resistant to all 3 antibiotics(clarithromycin,metronidazole,and levofloxacin);however,eradication was achieved in 92.9%(13/14)patients.All patients showed metronidazole resistance,and had an eradication rate of 91.3%(21/23).The eradication rate was higher among patients without anxiety(96.8%)than among patients with anxiety(60.0%,P=0.025).No severe adverse events occurred;most adverse events were mild and disappeared without intervention.Good compliance was seen in 95.6%(65/68)patients.Serological examination showed no significant changes in liver and kidney function.CONCLUSION VAS is a safe and effective rescue therapy,with an acceptable eradication rate(>90%),regardless of the number of prior treatment failures.Anxiety may be associated with eradication failure.