Machine learning applications in healthcare clinical practice and research

Machine learning(ML)is a type of artificial intelligence that assists computers in the acquisition of knowledge through data analysis,thus creating machines that can complete tasks otherwise requiring human intelligence.Among its various applications,it has proven groundbreaking in healthcare as well,both in clinical practice and research.In this editorial,we succinctly introduce ML applications and present a study,featured in the latest issue of the World Journal of Clinical Cases.The authors of this study conducted an analysis using both multiple linear regression(MLR)and ML methods to investigate the significant factors that may impact the estimated glomerular filtration rate in healthy women with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Their results implicated age as the most important determining factor in both groups,followed by lactic dehydrogenase,uric acid,forced expiratory volume in one second,and albumin.In addition,for the NAFLD-group,the 5th and 6th most important impact factors were thyroid-stimulating hormone and systolic blood pressure,as compared to plasma calcium and body fat for the NAFLD+group.However,the study's distinctive contribution lies in its adoption of ML methodologies,showcasing their superiority over traditional statistical approaches(herein MLR),thereby highlighting the potential of ML to represent an invaluable advanced adjunct tool in clinical practice and research.

Effects of Health Education with Problem-Based Learning Approaches on the Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Coping Skills of Women with High-Risk Pregnancies in Plateau Areas

Objective: Given the unique cultural background, way of life, and physical environment of the Tibetan Plateau, this study aims to investigate the effects of health education using problem-based learning (PBL) approaches on the knowledge, attitude, practice, and coping skills of women with high-risk pregnancies in this region. Methods: 76 high-risk pregnancy cases were enrolled at Tibet’s Linzhi People’s Hospital between September 2023 and April 2024. 30 patients admitted between September 2023 and December 2023 were selected as the control group and were performed with regular patient education. 46 patients admitted between January 2024 and April 2024 were selected as the observation group and were performed regular patient education with problem-based learning approaches. Two groups’ performance on their health knowledge, attitude, practice and coping skills before and after interventions were evaluated, and patient satisfaction were measured at the end of the study. Results: There was no statistical significance (P P P Conclusions: Health education with problem-based learning approaches is worth promoting as it can help high-risk pregnant women in plateau areas develop better health knowledge, attitude and practice and healthier coping skills. Also, it can improve patient sanctification.

Advances in the application of action learning in nursing practice

In this paper, we elucidate the concept and characteristics of action learning as well as summarize the re？exivity, cooperativeness, and subjectivity of this approach. Furthermore, we describe the effects and limitations of action learning when applied in nursing management, nursing education, and clinical practice, among various ？elds.

Reform and Practice on Course Construction of Deep Learning

In recent years,as one of the main technical ways to realize artificial intelligence,deep learning has attracted more and more attention of researchers from universities,research institutions and Internet enterprises.As a result,more and more universities are incorporating deep learning into their curriculum planning.However,there is a big difference between deep learning and previous courses.This paper attempts to think about the course construction of deep learning,and discusses the implementation and existing problems of the course,so as to better carry out the teaching of deep learning.

Theory and Practice of Language Teaching and Learning in Vhembe District Primary Schools, Limpopo Province, South Africa

South Africa has 11 official languages enshrined in the Constitution of the country. An additional language, sign language was approved as an official language at the end of 2008. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa and the South African Schools Act 84 of 1996 emphasise teaching and learning through any mother tongue, a learner would understand best. Section 29（1） of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa categorically states that： ＂Everyone has the right to receive education in the official language or languages of their choice in public educational institutions where that education is reasonably practicable＂. However, most text books written in English have been prescribed at many schools. One is not certain whether the subjects are taught in English or in the indigenous language at these schools. In the end, those teachers use the mother tongue, together with English, in teaching learners. This result in code switching and code mixing takes place in classes, which are meant to facilitate communication across barriers of colour, language, and region, while creating an environment in which respect for languages other than one＇s own would be encouraged. Teaching and learning in one＇s mother tongue promotes full participation in the economy of the country. The aim of the paper is to investigate teaching and learning in Vhembe primary schools of the Limpopo Province in South Africa, within the framework of existing legislation. This will be compared with empirical evidence. The researcher seeks to establish what language（s） primary schools use for teaching and learning. Based on this, conclusions and recommendations will be made to assist stakeholders in language-in-education policy formulation.

On Theoretical Practice of Cooperative Learning Teaching Approach

Cooperative learning is a kind of teaching theory and strategy initiated by new curriculum reform as well as a new learning style proposed by new curriculum standard.In recent years,with the constant deepening of educational reform,cooperative learning teaching approach has aroused more and more attention.This study introduces cooperative learning teaching approach from three aspects:the definition,history and methods,in order to understand the deep meaning of theoretical practice of cooperative learning teaching approach.

Theory and Practice of Learning Organization ——Investigation and Thinking for the Management Committee of the Baotou Rare Earth High-tech Area

Nowadays, many countries and regions use the human resources development as the major approach in holding the initiative in competition. The Baotou Rare Earth High-tech Area implements the strategies for revitalizing the area through establishing science and education learning organization and developing the entire learning in Management Committee. In accordance with the fundamental of mathematics ＂The arithmetical mean is equal to or larger than its geometric mean to any positive real number＂, it submits ＂the theoretical model of proportional development advantage of the same element in the same level＂ in order to solve ＂the problem that a few people behind in the department block the development of the High-tech Area＂, realize every member＇s common progress and each department＇s proportional development, and finally make the effect of Rare Earth High-tech maximum by strengthening team cooperation and producing a multiplier effect.

Present Situation and its Causes of College English Learning and Practice Environment in China

Language learning must be conducted on the basis of acquisition, and the acquisition needs a certain environment as the material guarantee for the implementation of the learning activities. In China, English teaching lacks an advantageous learning environment as a Foreign Language （EFL） Teaching, which is one of main factors that more time is spent on the teaching but efficiency is not improved correspondingly. Therefore, we should attach more importance to the present situation and its causes. In this essay, present Situation is analyzed through the practical research, and the causes are explored to help to improve the efficiency of foreign language learning.

Machine learning predicts portal vein thrombosis after splenectomy in patients with portal hypertension: Comparative analysis of three practical models

BACKGROUND For patients with portal hypertension(PH),portal vein thrombosis(PVT)is a fatal complication after splenectomy.Postoperative platelet elevation is considered the foremost reason for PVT.However,the value of postoperative platelet elevation rate(PPER)in predicting PVT has never been studied.AIM To investigate the predictive value of PPER for PVT and establish PPER-based prediction models to early identify individuals at high risk of PVT after splenectomy.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 483 patients with PH related to hepatitis B virus who underwent splenectomy between July 2011 and September 2018,and they were randomized into either a training(n=338)or a validation(n=145)cohort.The generalized linear(GL)method,least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO),and random forest(RF)were used to construct models.The receiver operating characteristic curves(ROC),calibration curve,decision curve analysis(DCA),and clinical impact curve(CIC)were used to evaluate the robustness and clinical practicability of the GL model(GLM),LASSO model(LSM),and RF model(RFM).RESULTS Multivariate analysis exhibited that the first and third days for PPER(PPER1,PPER3)were strongly associated with PVT[odds ratio(OR):1.78,95%confidence interval(CI):1.24-2.62,P=0.002;OR:1.43,95%CI:1.16-1.77,P<0.001,respectively].The areas under the ROC curves of the GLM,LSM,and RFM in the training cohort were 0.83(95%CI:0.79-0.88),0.84(95%CI:0.79-0.88),and 0.84(95%CI:0.79-0.88),respectively;and were 0.77(95%CI:0.69-0.85),0.83(95%CI:0.76-0.90),and 0.78(95%CI:0.70-0.85)in the validation cohort,respectively.The calibration curves showed satisfactory agreement between prediction by models and actual observation.DCA and CIC indicated that all models conferred high clinical net benefits.CONCLUSION PPER1 and PPER3 are effective indicators for postoperative prediction of PVT.We have successfully developed PPER-based practical models to accurately predict PVT,which would conveniently help clinicians rapidly differentiate individuals at high risk of PVT,and thus guide the adoption of timely interventions.

AI-Powered Innovations in High-Tech Research and Development: From Theory to Practice

This comparative review explores the dynamic and evolving landscape of artificial intelligence(AI)-powered innovations within high-tech research and development(R&D).It delves into both theoreticalmodels and practical applications across a broad range of industries,including biotechnology,automotive,aerospace,and telecom-munications.By examining critical advancements in AI algorithms,machine learning,deep learning models,simulations,and predictive analytics,the review underscores the transformative role AI has played in advancing theoretical research and shaping cutting-edge technologies.The review integrates both qualitative and quantitative data derived from academic studies,industry reports,and real-world case studies to showcase the tangible impacts of AI on product innovation,process optimization,and strategic decision-making.Notably,it discusses the challenges of integrating AI within complex industrial systems,such as ethical concerns,technical limitations,and the need for regulatory oversight.The findings reveal a mixed landscape where AI has significantly accelerated R&D processes,reduced costs,and enabled more precise simulations and predictions,but also highlighted gaps in knowledge transfer,skills adaptation,and cross-industry standardization.By bridging the gap between AI theory and practice,the review offers insights into the effectiveness,successes,and obstacles faced by organizations as they implement AI-driven solutions.Concluding with a forward-looking perspective,the review identifies emerging trends,future challenges,and promising opportunities inAI-poweredR&D,such as the rise of autonomous systems,AI-driven drug discovery,and sustainable energy solutions.It offers a holistic understanding of how AI is shaping the future of technological innovation and provides actionable insights for researchers,engineers,and policymakers involved in high-tech Research and Development(R&D).

Best Practices and Lessons Learned in the Implementation of Global Framework for Climate Services—Adaptation Programme in Africa: Tanzania-Experience

This paper provides an analysis and a description of the best practices and lessons learned in the implementation of the Global Framework for Climate Services Adaptation Program in Africa (GFCS-APA) focusing on Tanzania country’s activities. GFCS-APA was the first multi-agency initiative implemented under the Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) in two African countries, namely Tanzania and Malawi with funding from the Royal Government of Norway. In Tanzania, the programme was implemented in two phases from the year 2014 to 2021 in the three pilot districts of Kondoa, Longido and Kiteto located in Dodoma, Arusha and Manyara regions, respectively. The overarching goal of the programme was to enable better management of the risks caused by climate variability and change at all levels, from end-users to policy level, through development and incorporation of science-based climate information and prediction services into planning, policy and practice. The programme focused on bridging the gap between providers and users of climate information and products through development of user-driven climate services for food security, health and disaster risk reduction. This paper aimed to analyze lessons learned and best practices in the course of the implementation of the GFCS-APA phase I and II in Tanzania. A qualitative approach was employed to analyze the lessons learned and best practices, by extracting them and exploring further on their contribution to the enhancement of climate services, as well as their applicability and potentiality for scaling out in other regions within Tanzania, and in other countries. The results indicate the identified best practices and lessons learned contributed significantly in enhancing climate services, particularly in understanding, availability, accessibility, utilization, ownership and sustainability of climate services among users (farmers and pastoralists) of various gender, as well as intermediaries and decision-makers. Results also indicate the lessons learned and the documented best practices could influence the effectiveness of climate services in other areas, to address existing challenges in access, uptake and sustainability of climate services. The best practices and lessons learned could be considered for integration in the future projects or operational activities in other regions within the country and other countries, particularly in the developing world, including Sub-Saharan Africa.

Exploration of C Language Practical Teaching Method Based on Project Learning

This paper proposes a practical teaching approach in C programing language based on project learning.Having performing experimental teaching in class,this approach obtains pretty good teaching results,although it presents some flaws.This paper briefs the process of teaching,analyses the problems which are found during teaching and provides the solutions accordingly.

The Practical Path to Cultivating Innovative Talents:Implementing Cross-Disciplinary Learning Communities in Environmental Design Education

In response to the national strategy of“vigorously cultivating interdisciplinary talents and actively promoting interdisciplinary integration,”this article focuses on the nationally recognized Environmental Design program at Hezhou University’s College of Design,leveraging local industry advantages to engage in interdisciplinary integration through educational practices.Using the“Construction of the Panoramic Virtual Nature Museum of the Guizhou Crocodile Lizard at Mount Dagui”as a case study,we aim to establish a professional and interdisciplinary learning community,incorporate student-centered interactive teaching methods,boost student motivation,enhance teaching quality,nurture forward-thinking versatile innovative talents,and provide a guideline for interdisciplinary educational reform.

基于Learning-by-doing的计算机系统结构课程改革

在计算机系统结构的课程教学中,引入由卡内基.梅隆大学提出的"Learning-by-doing"这一适用于工程教学的行之有效的先进教学理念是新教学模式的一种积极探索。文章围绕基于"Learning-by-doing"教学法的计算机系统结构课程改革实施的前期准备、遇到的问题,具体解决方案等环节进行了讨论和分析。

E-learning教学模式在旅游实践教学中的应用研究——以武汉职业技术学院旅游管理专业为例

本文从E-learning概念着手,通过分析E-learning教学模式在旅游实践教学中的应用现状,找出E-learning教学模式在现阶段应用中存在的一些问题,并提出一系列解决方案,使E-learning教学模式能够在旅游实践教学中延伸(extension)教学范围、扩大(expanded)教学目标,从而增加学生在旅游实践中的体验(experience)。

M-learning在ERP课程综合实践教学中的应用研究

文章以市场需求供给和高校计划经济管理维度分析了当前高职ERP课程综合实践教学的困惑,借助新一代信息技术和课程网络资源,指出移动学习是解决企业需求多样化、学生需求个性化、课程内容广度与深度难协调以及课程评价单一化的现实途径,是高校ERP课程综合实践教学的有益尝试。

E-Learning下社会支持服务体系的实践与探索

E-Learning下为什么要建立社会服务体系?如何建立?本文从实际出发进行了有益的探索,并从实践的角度提出了一些建设的模型与发展原则。

B-Learning教学模式在外科学见习教学中的探讨

目的:探讨B-Learning教学模式在外科学见习教学中的应用。方法:将江苏大学临床医学专业见习生随机分为两个组,分别采用传统教学模式和B-Learning教学模式后对见习效果进行评估。结果:B-Learning模式组学生的学习效率、理论知识、学习兴趣、实践能力和临床思维能力有所提高。结论:B-Learning教学模式对于提高外科见习质量有一定的作用。

Teaching for Learning Styles and Multiple Intelligences: a Personal Reflection

The paper reviewed what the literature has said about learning styles and multiple intelligences. By practicing a personal reflection on learning styles and multiple intelligences, the paper indicated that teachers need make paradigm shift respecting the fact that every student is gifted and can be taught with the same contents, approaches and assessment. Teaching for diversity should be implemented.