Growth of an anthropogenic load on an environment in the second halfofXXth centuries has led to an exacerbation of many ecological problems. Today ecological risk scales cover territories of large regions. In this res...Growth of an anthropogenic load on an environment in the second halfofXXth centuries has led to an exacerbation of many ecological problems. Today ecological risk scales cover territories of large regions. In this respect the territory of Azerbaijan is not exception, within which Baku is noted by very adverse ecological conditions. Complex natural conditions （presence of strong winds, high air temperature and solar radiation） complicate the city ecological situation even greater. In modem conditions a construction boom relates to the factors aggravating the ecological situation of Baku. Last 10 years the city is rapidly built on by multistoried buildings which deform it, hinder visual contacts to the environment and obstruct the natural aeration of Baku amphitheater. The modem multistoried buildings erected ignoring town-planning norms do not correspond with regional climatic conditions, essentially modify the territory wind regime, hamper in surrounding buildings insolation, neglect a territory temperature-humidity conditions. As a result, it is necessary to use energy overly for their adaptation to Baku conditions and creation comfortable microclimate in them that leads to the city environmental pollution. The planning decisions and construction materials applied in these buildings are also alien to Baku climatic conditions. For qualitative transformation of Baku environment and improvement of ecological characteristics of the residential areas the author has carried out the estimation of the city territory on a complex of climatic factors （aeration, insolation and thermal-humidity regimes）. For these purposes the multidimensional statistical method is used. As a result the investigated territory of Baku is divided into 5 typological areas on climatic conditions. The brief characteristic and the general recommendations on transformation are worked out by the author for each of these typological units. Results of the research can be a basis for revealing of methods and principles of town-planning and architectural-planning organization of Baku residential areas.展开更多
文摘Growth of an anthropogenic load on an environment in the second halfofXXth centuries has led to an exacerbation of many ecological problems. Today ecological risk scales cover territories of large regions. In this respect the territory of Azerbaijan is not exception, within which Baku is noted by very adverse ecological conditions. Complex natural conditions （presence of strong winds, high air temperature and solar radiation） complicate the city ecological situation even greater. In modem conditions a construction boom relates to the factors aggravating the ecological situation of Baku. Last 10 years the city is rapidly built on by multistoried buildings which deform it, hinder visual contacts to the environment and obstruct the natural aeration of Baku amphitheater. The modem multistoried buildings erected ignoring town-planning norms do not correspond with regional climatic conditions, essentially modify the territory wind regime, hamper in surrounding buildings insolation, neglect a territory temperature-humidity conditions. As a result, it is necessary to use energy overly for their adaptation to Baku conditions and creation comfortable microclimate in them that leads to the city environmental pollution. The planning decisions and construction materials applied in these buildings are also alien to Baku climatic conditions. For qualitative transformation of Baku environment and improvement of ecological characteristics of the residential areas the author has carried out the estimation of the city territory on a complex of climatic factors （aeration, insolation and thermal-humidity regimes）. For these purposes the multidimensional statistical method is used. As a result the investigated territory of Baku is divided into 5 typological areas on climatic conditions. The brief characteristic and the general recommendations on transformation are worked out by the author for each of these typological units. Results of the research can be a basis for revealing of methods and principles of town-planning and architectural-planning organization of Baku residential areas.
