Associations between residence and cognitive function among Chinese older adults: the mediating role of leisure activity

Background:Cognitive function is a current research hotspot,residence may be related to differences in cognitive function,and the mediating role of leisure activities are limited in Chinese research.This study used leisure activities as a mediating variable to investigate the mediating role of leisure activity between place of residence(city-town-rural)and cognitive function among Chinese older,this is where the innovation of the article comes in.Methods:Using cross-sectional data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey,Pearson correlation analyses were employed to examine the relationships among various indicators.Mediation analyses were conducted using the SPSS PROCESS macro program,version 3.5,written by Hayes,to explore the mediating effects of leisure activity between place of residence and cognitive function in older adults.Results:A total of 10955 older adults were included in this study,with a mean age of(84.23±11.57)years.Among them,2739(24.8%)lived in the city,3627(33.1%)in town,and 4615(42.1%)in rural areas;their leisure activity score was(5.34±3.77),and their cognitive function score was(24.69±6.65).Place of residence,leisure activities,and cognitive function were significantly correlated(P<0.01).Using city as a reference,place of residence is negatively associated with cognitive function,and place of residence not only had a direct effect on cognitive function in older adults:town-cognitive function(effect=–0.399;95%confidence interval(CI)=(–0.685,–0.113));rural-cognitive function(effect=–0.42;95%CI=(–0.698,–0.141)).There were also indirect effects on cognitive function through the pathway of leisure activity:town-leisure activity-cognitive function(effect=–0.17;95%CI=(–0.246,–0.1)),rural-leisure activity-cognitive function(effect=–0.199;95%CI=(–0.272,–0.13)).Conclusion:Leisure activities play a partially mediating role between the impact of place of residence and cognitive function in Chinese older adults,and it is vital to pay attention to the impact of place of residence on the cognitive function of older adults in various aspects,and to increase the participation rate of older adults in leisure activities,which is beneficial to the prevention of cognitive decline and the protection of older adult’s physical and mental health.

A Study on the Relationship Paths Between Leisure and Well-Being of Elderly Residents

With the increasing of the elderly population in China,the aging of population has become an important issue that cannot be ignored in the development of our country.Based on the social support theory,this study surveyed elderly residents in Shanghai to construct and explore the driving model of well-being of elderly residents in China.The results indicated that leisure motivation of elderly residents in China significantly affected their leisure involvement;leisure involvement was related to leisure satisfaction of the elderly;leisure satisfaction had a significant positive effect on well-being of the elderly.Moreover,a series of managerial implications and recommendations were provided to formulate leisure management policies for the elderly,meet their leisure needs,and improve their well-being.

Analysis of Influencing Factors on Fruit Consumption of Urban and Rural Residents in Beijing

In light of the rapid expansion of China s economy,there has been a notable shift in the consumption patterns of urban and rural residents.This is evident in the increased consumption of agricultural products,with fruit consumption representing a particularly pronounced trend.The 2023 Beijing Consumption Statistics indicate that demand for fruit is increasing,accompanied by heightened competition for quality and brands.The paper is based on research that examines the current situation of fruit consumption among urban and rural residents in Beijing.The results indicate that when urban and rural residents in Beijing purchase fruits,price is the most significant factor influencing fruit consumption.Taste,appearance,and variety are also considered to be important influencing factors,while the influence of factors such as fruit type,consumption pattern,and fruit brand is relatively minor.

The Influencing Factors and Inter-Group Differences for Urban Residents' Behavior of Consuming Edible Vegetable Oil

To clarify the determinant factors and inter-group differences of Chinese urban residents' edible vegetable oil consuming behavior is very important for us to understand their consumption features of edible vegetable oil,so as to guide their consuming behavior and improve China's vegetable oil industry security.In this article,urban residents of China's three traditional vegetable oil main production areas have been chosen as study objects,and multiple linear regression and one-way ANOVA have been used to do empirical analysis on the determinant factors and inter-group differences of their edible vegetable oil consuming behavior.The results indicate that the edible vegetable oil consuming behavior of urban residents from China's three traditional vegetable oil main production areas show a trend of diversification;" publicity measures"," preference evaluation"," personal characteristics" and " family characteristics" remarkably affect urban residents' edible vegetable oil consuming behavior and show obvious provincial characteristics.In addition,urban residents from different groups show differences in terms of " publicity measures" and " preference evaluation".

The Comparative Approach on Outdoor Leisure Behavior of Urban Elderly People:A Case Study in Beijing

With the income increase of elderly people in Beijing and the improvement of leisure facilities since 2000, the quality of elderly people leisure life in Beijing has obviously increased com- pared to ten years ago. According to the investigation and com- parative analysis on more than 900 elderly people, who usually exercise in public parks in Beijing City, we have found out several new features of elderly people＇s outdoor recreation in Belting： the increase of the leisure time, the expansion of leisure space, the in- dividuation of interest and the diversification of consumption. The leisure life quality evaluation index system of urban elderly people can be built based on these analyses. In order to accommodate the development tendency of elderly people＇s demand for leisure diversification, we should strengthen the organization and manage- ment of elderly people＇s leisure activity in urban construction, and pay more attention to function complementation between commu- nities and parks.

Study protocol:A cross-sectional study on psychology and behavior investigation of Chinese residents,PBICR

Objective:This study protocol identifies the basic research route and framework of psychological and behavioral surveys among Chinese residents,aims establishing a database through a multicenter,large-sample cross-sectional survey in China to provide strong data support for research development in various fields and a more comprehensive and systematic understanding of the physical and mental health status of the public.Method:The study was conducted from June 20,2022 to August 31,2022,using stratified sampling and quota sampling methods,a total of 148 cities,202 districts and counties,390 townships/towns/sub-districts,and 780 communities/villages(excluding Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan)from 23 provinces,5 autonomous regions,and 4 municipalities directly under the central government in China were selected.The questionnaire was distributed one-on-one and face-to-face to the public by trained investigators,and the questionnaire included eight aspects:personal basic information,personal health status,family basic information,social environment in which they were located,psychological level scale,behavioral level scale,other scales,and attitude towards social hot issues.Data analysis will be performed after questionnaire return.Results:Data collection is ongoing.These findings will support physical and mental health research and strategy development in China and even globally,guiding policy-makers and health care organizations to reform their programs to ensure the best interests of residents and their families.

The Effects of a Lifestyle Modification Program on a Leisure Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in a Brazilian Low Socioeconomic Community

Regular physical activity benefits the health of the general population, more in those with sedentary behaviors. PURPOSE： To verify the impact of adding leisure-time activities to the existed sedentary behaviors. METHODS： A cross-sectional and a longitudinal analysis were undertaken in an ongoing epidemiological study （＂Move for Health＂） conducted by this Institution. The longitudinal study comprised 1572 subjects older than 35 yrs （53.8 ± 11.1 yrs, 76% women） enrolled during the period of 2004 to 2015. After a baseline assessment, the participants were submitted to a 10-week program of supervised physical exercises training and dietary counseling. The physical exercise protocol was composed by daily sessions （100 min）, 3-5x/wk, including warm up/stretching （20min）, 30 rain walking （60%-80% VO2max）, 40min strength in academy （3x 8-12 rep, 60%-70% 1RM） and stretching and cool down （10 min）. By using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire （IPAQ-way long-version 8）, it was evaluated the time spent on sedentary activities during the week and on weekends （h/day）, in the domains of sedentary transport （h/week） and physical leisure activities （h/week） at baseline （M0） and after 10 weeks （MI） of physical intervention. The Student＇s t test was used to compare moments with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS： I was shown that 18.3% presented lower values than 150 min/wk of physical activity. Lower quartile of leisure domain on weekdays along with more sedentary behavior on weekends were determined by socioeconomic characteristics such as lower income and schooling. The sample referred low income （71% earning less than 5 minimum salary wage）, low schooling （52.6% uncompleted elementary school） but in a good-excellent status of health, according their self-perception. Leisure time-physical activity increased 2.12 （P 〈 0.001）. Behaviors of sedentary transport and sitting time either weekdays or weekends did not change significantly （P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： An inexpensive and institutional-conducted lifestyle modification program like the ＂Move for Health＂ can provide extra energy expenditure, as leisure time, to a low socioeconomic community. However, it has been unsuccessfully proved to change other existing sedentary behavior.

An empirical study of everyday life information seeking behavior of urban low-income residents in the Haizhu District of Guangzhou, China

This paper reports an investigation on everyday life information seeking behavior of urban low-income group in the Haizhu District of Guangzhou City. Empirical data were collected via in-depth interviews with low-income urban residents and were analyzed using qualitative methods. This paper discusses the research findings based on the more noticeable results of information seeking behavior among these people. Our approach touches on a focused study of such issues as what the role of information seeking in their everyday life is, what information they care about, which information channels they prefer to use, which factors influence their information seeking behavior, how difficult it is to seek the information they need, and how they use public libraries. Based on our research findings, we propose that public libraries should provide customized information services for urban low-income residents according to the unique characteristics of their information seeking behavior in everyday life.

Impact of social isolation and resident intruder stress on aggressive behavior in the male rat

Stress studies frequently utilize physical stressors to establish animal models of stress. In the majority of cases, these models are not consistent with human circumstances. The present study simulated a social isolation plus resident intruder stress model in the rat. The rats were subjected to daily social isolation and resident intruder stress for 2 weeks. Behaviors were then tested. Rats subjected to social stress exhibited different aggressive behavior styles; some rats had greater scores on composite aggression behaviors, as well as locomotor and exploratory activity, but lower scores on latency than others. The high-aggressive group exhibited predominantly anger-out, while the low-aggressive group exhibited anger-in. Results suggest that social isolation plus resident intruder may serve as an appropriate model for anger-in and anger-out emotion modeling in the rat.

Research on Dairy Consumption of Rural Residents in Yanqing District of Beijing

Taking the rural residents in Yanqing District of Beijing as the research object,through field investigations and interviews,it is found that the main characteristics,income and expenditure level,preference and cognitive level of rural residents are the factors that affect the dairy consumption behavior of rural residents.Using the bivariate regression model for empirical analysis,it is concluded that rural residents'occupation,monthly average income,purchase expenditure and attitude towards dairy safety have a significant impact on rural residents'dairy consumption behavior,and then relevant constructive suggestions are put forward to guide rural residents'balanced consumption.

Leisure and Recreation in Australia:past,present and future

In this paper,the author would like to cover three key aspects in respect of Australian leisure:firstly,the historical antecedents of leisure behavior within Australian cultural life;secondly,an examination of existing leisure patterns;and finally,a consideration of leisure in the future.

Would Education Help Rural Residents to Stop Littering Solid Wastes? An Evidence in China

With the significant growth of economy since 1978, environmental issues in rural area are increasingly aggravated. In this research, hierarchical liner model (HLM) was applied to estimate inflecting factors of rural residents littering solid wastes. There are 3 main results: 1) random coefficient model is an effective method to estimate rural residents’ behaviors;2) environmental public policies should be designed by considering of regional differences;3) enhancing education level is an appropriated way to help rural residents stopping illegal littering behaviors.

Community Residents' Heritage Preservation Intentions and Influencing Factors Based on the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior: A Case Study of Historic Districts in Tianjin

Community residents are important stakeholders in preserving historic districts. This paper introduces the extended theory of planned behavior to explore the intentions of residents to participate in heritage preservation, and further explains the influencing factors. Seven historic districts in Tianjin are selected as case studies. The results show that the residents' intentions to preserve heritage are positively influenced by three subjective perception factors of heritage preservation attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, as well as two objective situational factors of environmental quality of historic district and policy guidance for heritage preservation. Furthermore, the objective situational factors indirectly influence heritage preservation intentions through the subjective perception factors. Based on these findings, this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions to enhance the heritage preservation intentions of community residents.

空气质量改善能缩小城乡居民消费差距吗?——兼论绿色发展对共同富裕的促进作用

厘清空气质量对城乡居民消费差距的影响作用,有助于理解中国式现代化进程中绿色发展与共同富裕目标的协同推进。从医疗和防御性支出、规避行为以及劳动生产率等视角阐释了空气质量影响城乡居民消费差距的理论机制,并使用2005—2020年中国省际面板数据对其影响作用进行了实证检验。研究发现:空气质量改善会显著缩小城乡居民消费差距,这一结论在使用逆温天数作为工具变量进行内生性处理,以及更换空气污染物指标、考虑空间自相关等方式进行稳健性检验后依然成立;该作用通过缩小城乡居民消费倾向差距以及城乡居民收入差距两条渠道产生;此外,空气质量对城乡居民消费差距的影响作用还存在空间溢出效应。研究结果表明,推动绿色发展改善空气质量,能够缩小城乡居民消费差距,从而助力共同富裕目标的实现。

家庭住房负担对流动人口生育行为的影响——基于个体和流入地多层线性模型的检验

能否揭示住房负担对流动人口生育行为的影响机制是促进住房市场和人口和谐发展、提振生育的关键所在。在构建住房负担与流动人口生育行为关系模型基础上,采用能将流动人口微观个体和流入地宏观特征相联结的多层嵌套模型,检验住房负担对流动人口生育行为的影响及长期居住意愿在其中的重要作用。在此基础上,分别按结婚时间、第一胎性别将样本分组,剖析二者关系的异质规律。研究发现:住房负担加重是流动人口生育低迷的重要原因,且流入地的人均GDP会强化其对流动人口生育的抑制作用;长期居住意愿在住房负担对流动人口生育行为的影响中起到了部分中介作用,住房负担加重造成流动人口社会融入感和长期居住意愿下降,进一步加剧生育抑制效应;住房负担对流动人口生育行为的影响会随流动人口结婚时间长短、第一胎性别的不同而呈现异质性特征。

农村居民互联网健康信息行为分析

目的分析农村居民网络健康信息行为,为更好促进农村居民不良健康行为改变提供依据。方法采用随机抽样方法,选取2019年7月至2020年2月于齐齐哈尔市两个乡镇抽取230名18岁及以上的农村居民进行问卷调查。参考《威尔逊健康信息行为模型》《长沙市城市居民健康信息行为调查与对策研究》,自行设计健康信息行为问卷,统计分析农村居民人口学资料,医学信息需求情况、医学信息获取情况。结果本次调查中,男71名,女149名;文化程度小学以下17名,初中及以下125名,高中及中专47名,大专及以上31名。农村居民医学信息获取情况中,获取健康信息的途径,“互联网途径”“医疗机构”占比分别为66.82%、60.45%;利用互联网获取健康信息的途径,“使用搜索引擎直接搜索”占比最高,为56.82%;会使用网络搜索引擎获取健康信息占比分别为82.27%;当前阻碍获取健康信息的外在因素,“提供的途径少”“信息获取不方便”占比51.82%、51.36%;获取健康信息的自身限制因素,“害怕虚假信息”“信息太多,不知道用哪些”占比分别为66.36%、60.00%;查寻健康信息的主要障碍,“信息检索技巧不够”“工作忙,没时间”占比分别为30.91%、29.55%。农民医学信息利用情况中,农村居民在利用健康信息时能考虑健康信息的权威性、真实性、新颖性占比分别为88.18%、92.27%、85.91%。使用健康信息对病情判断者占比较高,为80.91%;理解获取的健康信息内容,大部分理解者占比60.00%;认为可改变现有的不良健康行为占比83.18%。结论农民健康信息行为存在不足,健康管理者积极采取一定措施,促进健康信息行为提升,进而促进健康行为改善。

夏热冬冷地区住宅浴室热湿环境与洗浴行为研究

对上海地区住宅浴室热湿环境进行了实地测量,分析了浴室热湿环境特征,并通过网络问卷调研了典型人群的洗浴行为。结果表明:浴室热湿环境受洗浴行为影响明显,淋浴开始后空气温度迅速升高,相对湿度接近饱和状态,淋浴结束后相对湿度需要较长时间才能恢复至初始状态,与常规居家场景相比,洗浴过程中的浴室热湿环境偏离常规热舒适区;夏热冬冷地区居民洗浴行为受季节影响明显,淋浴水温冬季偏暖(43.3℃左右)、夏季偏凉(一般36~40℃);洗浴频次以1天1次或2天1次为主;洗浴时长夏季多为5~10 min、冬季多为10~20 min。本文还探讨了浴室环境改善措施和浴室热舒适的特殊性。

江苏省居民健康行为现状及影响因素分析

健康行为是个体在行为层面的健康表达与体现。为了解江苏省居民健康行为现状及影响因素,采用分层多阶段随机抽样的方法,运用自编健康行为调查问卷对江苏省744名居民进行了问卷调查。研究发现:江苏省居民的健康行为水平比较高,平均得分为(4.34±0.48),五个维度的得分从高到低依次为安全与急救行为(4.51±0.54)、传染病预防行为(4.41±0.50)、基本医疗行为(4.39±0.61)、慢性病预防行为(4.29±0.67)、日常卫生保健行为(4.04±0.60);多元线性回归分析结果显示,性别、年龄、学历、职业、婚姻状况、月收入水平、身体健康状况、地区、城乡是江苏省居民健康行为的影响因素(P<0.05)。应通过有针对性的健康干预,重点提升苏北地区、农村、学历层次比较低、身体健康状况一般、无配偶、男性、老年居民以及高收入人群和企业工作人员的健康行为水平。

公平感知会影响旅游地居民的环境责任行为吗?——基于西江千户苗寨的实证研究

社区居民环境责任行为的实施对当地可持续发展意义重大。以西江千户苗寨的旅游社区居民为研究对象,以公平理论和社会交换理论为基础,采用结构方程模型分析旅游地居民的公平感知、社区参与和环境责任行为之间的关系。结果显示:分配公平感知对旅游地居民的社区参与产生积极影响;社区参与在居民分配公平感知和环境责任行为之间起到中介作用;地方认同正向调节旅游地居民社区参与对普通环保行为的影响。应改进利益分配机制,提高居民分配公平感知,尽可能保留旅游目的地的在地文化特色,增强居民的地方认同感,积极引导居民社区参与,进而激发他们实施环境责任行为。

基于IAD延伸决策模型的浙江农户休闲农业生产行为研究

基于制度分析与发展框架(IAD)延伸决策模型,利用浙江省2968户农户的调查数据,分析了户主特征、家庭状况、外部环境和市场服务、经营规则、改革认知等对农户休闲农业生产行为的影响。研究发现,外部环境和市场服务、经营规则、改革认知、户主特征是影响农户是否从事休闲农业生产的显著因素。进一步分析发现,农户早从事和晚从事休闲农业生产的显著性影响因素存在差异;早从事者比较关注休闲农业生产决策自由度和收入预期,晚从事者比较关注休闲农业设施完善程度和补贴获取便利性。因此,要因时因地实行差别化的引导对策,以推进休闲农业合理化和高质量发展。