NUMERICAL RESOLVENT METHODS FOR CONSTRAINED PROBLEMS IN MECHANICS

Resolvent methods are presented for generating systematically iterative numerical algorithms for constrained problems in mechanics.The abstract framework corresponds to a general mixed finite element subdif-ferential model,with dual and primal evolution versions,which is shown to apply to problems of fluid dynamics,transport phenomena and solid mechanics,among others.In this manner,Uzawa's type methods and penalization-duality schemes,as well as macro-hybrid formulations,are generalized to non necessarily potential nanlinear mechanical problems.

Coupled simulation of fluid-particle interaction for large complex granules:A resolved CFD-DEM method for modelling the airflow in a vertical fixed bed of irregular sinter particles

A resolved CFD-DEM method is proposed to simulate the fluid-particle interaction for large complex granules.The airflow in a vertical sinter fixed bed is numerically studied using this method.The multi-sphere clumped method is used to create irregular sinter particles in DEM.The immersed boundary method and dynamic cell refinement are applied to describe the fluid flow around particles with higher resolution,by which the fluid-particle interaction can be simulated more accurately.The simulation results presented the packing voidage distributions and the airflow fields in the sinter beds of different single and mixed particle size ranges.The bed pressure drops were simulated and the results were compared with the corresponding experimental ones.The good agreement indicated that the proposed resolved CFD-DEM method is an effective tool to model the fluid-particle interaction for irregular large granules in the gas-solid multi-phase systems.

AN ANALYSIS ON LARGE-SCALE AIR-SEA INTERACTIVE LINKAGES BETWEEN THE TROPICAL INDIAN OCEAN AND THE PACIFIC OCEAN DURING ENSO EVENTS

By utilizing a 3-D atmospheric circulation resolving method, the authors studied the air-sea interactive linkages between the tropical Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean in 1979-2008 E1 Nifio-Southern Oscillation （ENSO） events. Their findings showed that evident 3-D gear-coupling characteristics existed in the 1979-2008 ENSO events. Their resolving analyses also suggested that the general circulation showed stronger and wider sinking motions over the eastern Indian Ocean-western Pacific during the mature phase of 1979-2008 ENSO events, compared with the vertical velocities from the U.S. National Centers for Enviornmental Prediction （NCEP） reanalysis data. With their 3-D analysis method, the vertical velocity was resolved by two components, i.e. zonal and meridional components. It was found that the zonal component of the vertical velocities showed a strong sinking motion while the meridional components showed an upward motion during the prevailing phases of the ENSO events. In the tropics, the zonal component of the vertical velocities was found greater than the meridional component, reflecting the dominant characteristics of the vertical velocity, and the overall outcomes showed a strong sinking motion, although the two components also partially offset each other in the processes. Compared with the vertical velocities from NCEP reanalysis, the vertical motions calculated with the 3-D resolving analysis method demonstrate some advantages.

Clinical study on acupuncture for stroke in Congo

Objective To investigate clinical effects of acupuncture method for dredging collaterals and resolving phlegm on stroke in Congo. Methods The patients in Congo China-Congo Friendship Hospital were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a medicine group, 30 cases in each group. For the acupuncture group, Moiluoning injection was administrated by intravenous drip and acupuncture was given at Sishencong （四神聪 EX-HN 1）, Zhangwan （中脘 CV 12）, Fenglong （丰隆 ST 40） and Neiguan （内关 PC 6）, etc., once daily for 10 consecutive days as a course of treatment. For the medicine group, 20 mL Moiluoning or 500 mL low molecular Dextran injection was administrated by intravenous drip, once each day for 10 consecutive days as a course of treatment. After 3 therapeutic courses, clinical therapeutic effects were assessed. Results After treatment, the scores for nervous function were significantly decreased in the two groups （both P〈0.05）, with a significant difference between the two groups （P〈0.05）, the acupuncture group being superior to the medicine group; the effective rate （93.3%, 28/30） of the acupuncture group was significantly higher than that （80.0%, 24/30） of the medicine group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Acupuncture with the method for dredging collaterals and resolving phlegm has a significant clinical effect on stroke.