Non-volatile dynamically switchable color display via chalcogenide stepwise cavity resonators

High-resolution multi-color printing relies upon pixelated optical nanostructures,which is crucial to promote color display by producing nonbleaching colors,yet requires simplicity in fabrication and dynamic switching.Antimony trisulfide(Sb_(2)S_(3))is a newly rising chalcogenide material that possesses prompt and significant transition of its optical characteristics in the visible region between amorphous and crystalline phases,which holds the key to color-varying devices.Herein,we proposed a dynamically switchable color printing method using Sb_(2)S_(3)-based stepwise pixelated Fabry-Pérot(FP)cavities with various cavity lengths.The device was fabricated by employing a direct laser patterning that is a less timeconsuming,more approachable,and low-cost technique.As switching the state of Sb_(2)S_(3) between amorphous and crystalline,the multi-color of stepwise pixelated FP cavities can be actively changed.The color variation is due to the profound change in the refractive index of Sb_(2)S_(3) over the visible spectrum during its phase transition.Moreover,we directly fabricated sub-50 nm nano-grating on ultrathin Sb_(2)S_(3) laminate via microsphere 800-nm femtosecond laser irradiation in far field.The minimum feature size can be further decreased down to~45 nm(λ/17)by varying the thickness of Sb_(2)S_(3) film.Ultrafast switchable Sb_(2)S_(3) photonic devices can take one step toward the next generation of inkless erasable papers or displays and enable information encryption,camouflaging surfaces,anticounterfeiting,etc.Importantly,our work explores the prospects of rapid and rewritable fabrication of periodic structures with nano-scale resolution and can serve as a guideline for further development of chalcogenide-based photonics components.

Tunable superconducting resonators via on-chip control of local magnetic field

Superconducting microwave resonators play a pivotal role in superconducting quantum circuits.The ability to finetune their resonant frequencies provides enhanced control and flexibility.Here,we introduce a frequency-tunable superconducting coplanar waveguide resonator.By applying electrical currents through specifically designed ground wires,we achieve the generation and control of a localized magnetic field on the central line of the resonator,enabling continuous tuning of its resonant frequency.We demonstrate a frequency tuning range of 54.85 MHz in a 6.21-GHz resonator.This integrated and tunable resonator holds great potential as a dynamically tunable filter and as a key component of communication buses and memory elements in superconducting quantum computing.

Disorder effects in NbTiN superconducting resonators

Disordered superconducting materials like NbTiN possess a high kinetic inductance fraction and an adjustable critical temperature, making them a good choice for low-temperature detectors. Their energy gap(D), critical temperature(T_(c)),and quasiparticle density of states(QDOS) distribution, however, deviate from the classical BCS theory due to the disorder effects. The Usadel equation, which takes account of elastic scattering, non-elastic scattering, and electro–phonon coupling,can be applied to explain and describe these deviations. This paper presents numerical simulations of the disorder effects based on the Usadel equation to investigate their effects on the △, Tc, QDOS distribution, and complex conductivity of the NbTiN film. Furthermore, NbTiN superconducting resonators with coplanar waveguide(CPW) structures are fabricated and characterized at different temperatures to validate our numerical simulations. The pair-breaking parameter α and the critical temperature in the pure state T_(c)^(P) of our NbTiN film are determined from the experimental results and numerical simulations. This study has significant implications for the development of low-temperature detectors made of disordered superconducting materials.

Layered metastructure containing freely-designed local resonators for wave attenuation

Combining periodic layered structure with three-dimensional cylindrical local resonators,a hybrid metastructure with improved wave isolation ability was designed and investigated through theoretical and numerical approaches.The metastructure is composed of periodic rubber layers and concrete layers embedded with three-dimensional resonators,which can be freely designed with multi local resonant frequencies to attenuate vibrations at required frequencies and widen the attenuation bandgap.The metastructure can also effectively attenuate seismic responses.Compared with layered rubber-based structures,the metastructure has more excellent wave attenuation effects with greater attenuation and wider bandgap.

Dielectric Resonator Magnetoelectric Dipole Arrays with Low Cross Polarization,Backward Radiation,and Mutual Coupling for MIMO Base Station Applications

Dielectric resonator magnetoelectric dipole(DRMED)arrays with enhanced isolation,reduced cross-polarization,and backward radiation are proposed for base station(BS)applications.The proposed antenna comprises an elevated dielectric resonator antenna(DRA)on a small metal plate above a sizeable common ground plane.The DRA is designed in its T Eδ11 mode,acting like a magnetic dipole.The surface current excited by the differential probes flowing on the small ground plane is equivalent to an electric dipole.Since these two equivalent dipoles are orthogonal,they have the magnetoelectric dipole characteristics with reduced backward radiation.Meanwhile,the small ground planes can be treated as decoupling structures to provide a neutralization path to cancel the original coupling path.A linearly-polarized 4-element prototype array was verified experimentally in previous work.Here,a dual-polarized DRMED antenna is presented to construct a 2-element and 4×4 array for BS applications.To investigate its MIMO performance,sophisticated multi-cell scenario simulations are carried out.By using the proposed dualpolarized DRMED array,the cellular system capacityis improved by 118.6%compared to a conventional DRA array.This significant MIMO system improvement is mainly due to the reduced backward radiation and,therefore,reduced inter-cell interferences.Measurements align well with the simulations.

Asymmetrical Fabry-Perot cavity slot micro-ring resonator and its sensing characteristics

To achieve high quality factor and high-sensitivity refractive index sensor,a slot micro-ring resonator(MRR)based on asymmetric Fabry-Perot(FP)cavity was proposed.The structure consisted of a pair of elliptical holes to form an FP cavity and a microring resonator.The two different optical modes generated by the micro-ring resonator were destructively interfered to form a Fano line shape,which improved the system sensitivity while obtaining a higher quality factor and extinction ratio.The transmission principle of the structure was analyzed by the transfer matrix method.The transmission spectrum and mode field distribution of the proposed structure were simulated by the finite difference time domain(FDTD)method,and the key structural parameters affecting the Fano line shape in the device were optimized.The simulation results show that the quality factor of the device reached 22037.1,and the extinction ratio was 23.9 dB.By analyzing the refractive index sensing characteristics,the sensitivity of the structure was 354 nm·RIU−1,and the detection limit of the sensitivity was 2×10−4 RIU.Thus,the proposed compact asymmetric FP cavity slot micro-ring resonator has obvious advantages in sensing applications owing to its excellent performance.

Application of the N + 2 Transversal Network Method to the Study of a Coupled Resonator Filter

This paper presents a new approach to synthesize admittance function polynomials and coupling matrices for coupled resonator filters. The N + 2 transversal network method is applied to study a coupled resonator filter. This method allowed us to determine the polynomials of the reflection and transmission coefficients. A study is made for a 4 poles filter with 2 transmission zeros between the N + 2 transversal network method and the one found in the literature. A MATLAB code was designed for the numerical simulation of these coefficients for the 6, 8, and 10 pole filter with 4 transmission zeros.

The parallel-plate resonator:An RF probe for MR and MRI studies over a wide frequency range

We explore the use of the parallel-plate resonator for the study of thin cuboid samples over a wide range of magnetic resonance frequencies.The parallel-plate resonator functions at frequencies from tens to hundreds of MHz.Seven parallel-plate resonators are presented and discussed in a frequency range from 8 to 500 MHz.Magnetic resonance experiments were performed on both horizontal and vertical bore magnet systems with lithium and hydrogen nuclei.Parallel-plate radiofrequency(RF)probes are easy to build and easy to optimize.Experiments and simulations showed good sensitivity of the parallel-plate RF probe geometry with a small decrease in sensitivity at higher frequencies.

Electrode design for multimode suppression of aluminum nitride tuning fork resonators

This paper is focused on electrode design for piezoelectric tuning fork resonators.The relationship between the performance and electrode pattern of aluminum nitride piezoelectric tuning fork resonators vibrating in the in-plane flexural mode is investigated based on a set of resonators with different electrode lengths,widths,and ratios.Experimental and simulation results show that the electrode design impacts greatly the multimode effect induced from torsional modes but has little influence on other loss mechanisms.Optimizing the electrode design suppresses the torsional mode successfully,thereby increasing the ratio of impedance at parallel and series resonant frequencies(R_(p)/R_(s))by more than 80%and achieving a quality factor(Q)of 7753,an effective electromechanical coupling coefficient(kt_(eff)^(2))of 0.066%,and an impedance at series resonant frequency(R_(m))of 23.6 kΩ.The proposed approach shows great potential for high-performance piezoelectric resonators,which are likely to be fundamental building blocks for sensors with high sensitivity and low noise and power consumption.

Dielectric Patch Resonator and Antenna

This paper presents an overview of dielectric patch(DP)antennas developed in recent years.The employed DP resonator composed of a DP and a bottom substrate is analyzed comprehensively here,enabling the easy realization of a quasi-planar DP antenna.It combines the dual advantages of the conventional microstrip patch(MP)antenna and dielectric resonator(DR)antenna in terms of profile,gain,bandwidth,radiation efficiency,and design freedom.Furthermore,the DP antenna inherits the multi-mode characteristic of the DR antenna,thus it has a large number of high-order modes,including TMmn mode and TEmn mode.The high-order modes are widely applied,for example,by combining with the dominant TM10 mode to expand the bandwidth,or selecting multiple higher-order modes to implement a high-gain antenna.Additionally,the non-radiation high-order modes are also utilized to produce natural radiation null in filtering antenna design.In this paper,the design theories and techniques of DP antenna are introduced and investigated,including calculation and control methods of the resonant mode frequencies,analysis of the radiation mechanism,and applications of the multi-mode characteristic.This overview could provide guidance for the subsequent antenna design,thus effectively avoid time-consuming optimization.

Classic analogue of Autler–Townes-splitting transparency using a single magneto-optical ring resonator

We show that an optical transparency can be obtained by using only one single magneto-optical ring resonator. This effect is based on the splitting of counterclockwise and clockwise modes in the ring resonator. Within a proposed resonator-waveguide configuration the superposition between the two degeneracy broken modes produces a transparency window,which can be closed, open, and modified by tuning the applied magnetic field. This phenomenon is an analogue of Autler–Townes splitting, and the magnetic field is equivalent to the strong external pump field. We provide a theoretic analysis on the induced transparency, and numerically demonstrate the effect using full-wave simulation. Feasible implication of this effect and its potential applications are also discussed.

Triple-Band Circularly Polarized Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) for Wireless Applications

This paper proposes a new dielectric resonator antenna(DRA)design that can generate circularly polarized(CP)triple-band signals.Atripleband CP DRA antenna fed by a probe feed system is achieved with metal strips structure on side of DRA structure.The design start with conventional rectangular DRA with F shaped metal strips on DRA structure alongside the feed.Then,the F metal strip is enhanced by extending the length of the metal strip to obtain wider impedance bandwidth.Further improvement on the antenna performance is observed by improvised the conventional DRA structure.The method of removing part of DRA bottom resulted to higher antenna gain with triple band CP.The primary features of the proposed DRA include wide impedance matching bandwidth(BW)and broadband circular polarization(CP).The primary features of the proposedDRAinclude wide impedance matching bandwidth(BW)and broadband circular polarization(CP).The CP BW values recorded by the proposed antenna were∼11.27%(3.3–3.65 GHz),12.18%(4.17–4.69 GHz),and 1.74%(6.44–6.55 GHz)for impedance-matching BW values of 35.4%(3.3–4.69 GHz),1.74%(5.36–5.44 GHz),and 1.85%(6.41–6.55 GHz)with peak gains of 6.8 dBic,7.6 dBic,and 8.5 dBic,respectively,in the lower,central,and upper bands.The prototype of the proposed antenna geometry was fabricated and measured.A good agreement was noted between the simulated and the measured results.

Vibration attenuation of meta-mortar with spring-mass resonators

Metamaterial based on local resonance has excellent vibration attenuation ability in low frequency.In this research,an attempt was performed to make meta-mortar with spring-mass resonators to attenuate vibration and shock hazards.Single-spring-mass resonators and dual-spring-mass resonators were designed and made using lead or aluminum blocks and SWPB springs encased by PMMA(polymethyl methacrylate)or aluminum frames.These resonators were placed into mortar blocks to make metamortar specimens.Vibration attenuation effect was investigated by sweeping vibration with frequency from 50 Hz to 2000 Hz.All these meta-mortar blocks exhibit excellent vibration attenuation ability in the designed band gaps.With dual-spring-mass resonators,meta-mortar blocks have two distinct vibration attenuation bands.

Topological resonators based on hexagonal-star valley photonic crystals

In valley photonic crystals, topological edge states can be gained by breaking the spatial inversion symmetry without breaking time-reversal symmetry or creating pseudo-spin structures, making highly unidirectional light transmission easy to achieve. This paper presents a novel physical model of a hexagonal-star valley photonic crystal. Simulations based on the finite element method(FEM) are performed to investigate the propagation of TM polarized mode and its application to ring resonators. The results show that such a topologically triangular ring resonator exhibits an optimum quality factor Q of about 1.25×104, and Q has a maximum value for both frequency and the cavity length L. Our findings are expected to have significant implications for developing topological lasers and wavelength division multiplexers.

Electro-mechanical coupling properties of band gaps in an with periodically attached “spring-mass” resonators

The model of a locally resonant (LR) epoxy/PZT-4 phononic crystal (PC)nanobeam with “spring-mass” resonators periodically attached to epoxy is proposed. The corresponding band structures are calculated by coupling Euler beam theory, nonlocal piezoelectricity theory and plane wave expansion (PWE) method. Three complete band gaps with the widest total width less than 10GHz can be formed in the proposed nanobeam by comprehensively comparing the band structures of three kinds of LR PC nanobeams with resonators attached or not. Furthermore, influencing rules of the coupling fields between electricity and mechanics,“spring-mass” resonator, nonlocal effect and different geometric parameters on the first three band gaps are discussed and summarized. All the investigations are expected to be applied to realize the active control of vibration in the region of ultrahigh frequency.

磁共振弹性成像在宫颈癌诊断中的初步应用研究

目的探究磁共振弹性成像(Magnetic resonance elastography,MRE)在宫颈癌的临床价值。材料与方法本研究前瞻性地招募39名病理诊断为宫颈癌的患者(宫颈癌组),并招募39名年龄、体质指数(body mass index,BMI)相匹配的健康女性志愿者(健康对照组)进行宫颈常规磁共振扫描和频率为60 Hz的MRE检查。测量两组受试者宫颈的弹性值以及宫颈癌组肿瘤的体积及浸润深度,收集宫颈癌组患者的肿瘤分期。选择配对样本t检验比较宫颈癌组和健康对照组的弹性值,采用Spearman秩相关系数及受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析弹性值、肿瘤体积和浸润深度与宫颈癌分期间的相关性及诊断宫颈癌分期的效能。结果宫颈癌患者组的平均弹性值[(5.76±0.99)kPa]显著高于健康对照组[(2.94±0.25)kPa;P<0.001]。弹性值、肿瘤体积及浸润深度在早期(≤ⅡA期)、晚期(≥ⅡB期)宫颈癌之间差异存在统计学意义,且与宫颈癌分期呈正相关(r=0.439、0.384、0.322;P均<0.05)。弹性值的诊断效能优于肿瘤体积和浸润深度,ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.754、0.722、0.687。结论MRE技术可以作为一种非侵入性的辅助检查手段,帮助宫颈癌的诊断和分期评估,在宫颈癌研究和治疗策略的制订中具有潜在的临床应用前景。

基于模态分析的多逆变器系统串并联谐振特性分析

基于模态分析的多逆变器系统谐振分析方法能够获得系统准确的谐振定位,但在谐振类型辨识方面存在不足。该文提出一种基于模态分析方法和参与因子计算的多逆变器系统谐振辨识方法。考虑线路阻抗,建立计及电容电流有源阻尼的逆变器诺顿等效模型。当逆变器组合变化时,对比串、并联谐振模态分析结果的差异。通过对系统谐振类型的划分,获取不同类型谐振的特征信息。针对不同类型谐振选择特定的模态分析方法,借助参与因子表现实现谐振类型辨识。最后,搭建仿真电路模型和实验平台,通过仿真和实验验证所得结论的正确性。

4D-Flow MRI在肥厚型心肌病左室流出道血流评估中的价值探索

目的 探索四维血流(four-dimensional flow,4D-Flow)磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)技术在左心室腔内应用的可行性。材料与方法 本研究为前瞻性、横断面研究,纳入2022年8月至2023年1月于我院接受心脏MRI检查的21例肥厚型心肌病患者,采用3.0 T MRI扫描仪进行二维血流(tow-dimensional flow,2D-Flow)及4D-Flow成像,收集患者一周内进行的超声心动图检查结果。采用组内相关系数(inter-class correlation coefficient,ICC)、变异系数(coefficients of variation,COV)及Bland-Altman分析比较2D-Flow、4D-Flow评估左室流出道峰值流速的可重复性及一致性,并通过Pearson相关性分析探究二者与超声心动图测量结果的关系。结果 2D-Flow和4D-Flow观察者内/观察者间的ICC分别为0.999/0.999和0.995/0.992,COV分别为0.5%/0.5%和2.4%/2.6%。4D-Flow与超声心动图的测量结果呈中度相关,相关系数r值为0.574(P=0.006),但一致性较差,ICC为0.375(P=0.013)。2D-Flow与4D-Flow和超声心动图间无显著的一致性及相关性。结论 4D-Flow技术能够可视化心腔内血流模式,对左室流出道峰值流速的测量具有高度可重复性,且与超声心动图的测量结果具有显著的一致性。

海上风电场经交流海缆并网谐波谐振放大分析

采用交流海缆接入电网的海上风电场在电缆线路分布电容的作用下,可能出现陆上风电场不常见的谐波谐振与谐波放大现象,严重威胁到海上风电场安全可靠运行。为研究海上风电场谐波谐振机理与谐波放大影响因素,首先,建立了海上风电场输电系统与集电系统两部分的状态空间模型,并给出谐波放大倍数、谐波含量等指标的计算方法;其次,通过特征值和参与因子揭示了谐波谐振机理及关键影响因素;然后,通过根轨迹法研究了电网短路容量、高压电缆参数和风电机组并网台数对谐振模态的影响;最后,在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台搭建江苏某海上风电场.验证理论分析的有效性。

一种基于耦合电感的高增益软开关谐振变换器

该文提出了一种具有高增益、软开关的新型谐振变换器。该谐振变换器使用耦合电感来提高电压增益,升压比不仅取决于占空比,还取决于耦合电感的变比,具有高增益的优点。此外,由于采用了有源钳位技术,漏感中的能量可以被回收利用,用来对开关管的结电容充放电提供能量,从而实现软开关。由于采用了耦合电感,所提出的变换器可以在较低的开关管电压应力的情况下实现较高的输出电压,因此可以使用低导通电阻的低压器件,从而提升系统的效率。该文分析了该谐振变换器的工作原理,并推导了输出电压、关断电流应力等参数的解析表达式。在此基础上,从理论上分析了该变换器取得软开关的条件,并对该变换器的各个器件的电压电流应力进行分析,为器件选型提供了理论依据。最后,搭建1kW实验样机,针对该文提出的基于耦合电感的谐振变换器的高增益、软开关、低电压应力、高效率等性能进行了实验验证。通过实验得出所提出的拓扑可以在10倍增益的情况下达到最高97.5%的效率,表明所提拓扑的优越性。