AIM:To implement high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing to study microbial diversity in the fecal matter of rats with acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome(ALI/ARDS).METHODS:Intratracheal instillation of ...AIM:To implement high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing to study microbial diversity in the fecal matter of rats with acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome(ALI/ARDS).METHODS:Intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide was used to induce ALI,and the pathological changes in the lungs and intestines were observed.D-lactate levels and diamine oxidase(DAO)activities were determined by enzymatic spectrophotometry.The fragments encompassing V4 16S rDNA hypervariable regions were PCR amplified from fecal samples,and the PCR products of V4 were sequenced by Illumina MiSeq.RESULTS:Increased D-lactate levels and DAO activities were observed in the model group(P<0.01).Sequencing results revealed the presence of 3780 and4142 species in the control and model groups,respectively.The percentage of shared species was 18.8419%.Compared with the control group,the model group had a higher diversity index and a lower number of species of Fusobacteria(at the phylum level),Helicobacter and Roseburia(at the genus level)(P<0.01).Differences in species diversity,structure,distribution and composition were found between the control group and early ARDS group.CONCLUSION:The detection of specific bacteria allows early detection and diagnosis of ALI/ARDS.展开更多
Trauma patients are a diverse population with heterogeneous needs for ventilatory support. This requirement depends mainly on the severity of their ventilatory dysfunction, degree of deterioration in gaseous exchange,...Trauma patients are a diverse population with heterogeneous needs for ventilatory support. This requirement depends mainly on the severity of their ventilatory dysfunction, degree of deterioration in gaseous exchange, any associated injuries, and the individual feasibility of potentially using a noninvasive ventilation approach. Noninvasive ventilation may reduce the need to intubate patients with traumarelated hypoxemia. It is well-known that these patientsare at increased risk to develop hypoxemic respiratory failure which may or may not be associated with hypercapnia. Hypoxemia in these patients is due to ventilation perfusion mismatching and right to left shunt because of lung contusion, atelectasis, an inability to clear secretions as well as pneumothorax and/or hemothorax, all of which are common in trauma patients. Noninvasive ventilation has been tried in these patients in order to avoid the complications related to endotracheal intubation, mainly ventilator-associated pneumonia. The potential usefulness of noninvasive ventilation in the ventilatory management of trauma patients, though reported in various studies, has not been sufficiently investigated on a large scale. According to the British Thoracic Society guidelines, the indications and efficacy of noninvasive ventilation treatment in respiratory distress induced by trauma have thus far been inconsistent and merely received a low grade recommendation. In this review paper, we analyse and compare the results of various studies in which noninvasive ventilation was applied and discuss the role and efficacy of this ventilator modality in trauma.展开更多
基金Grants from the Science and Technology Development Plan of Shandong Province and Taishan Scholar project of Shandong Province
文摘AIM:To implement high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing to study microbial diversity in the fecal matter of rats with acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome(ALI/ARDS).METHODS:Intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide was used to induce ALI,and the pathological changes in the lungs and intestines were observed.D-lactate levels and diamine oxidase(DAO)activities were determined by enzymatic spectrophotometry.The fragments encompassing V4 16S rDNA hypervariable regions were PCR amplified from fecal samples,and the PCR products of V4 were sequenced by Illumina MiSeq.RESULTS:Increased D-lactate levels and DAO activities were observed in the model group(P<0.01).Sequencing results revealed the presence of 3780 and4142 species in the control and model groups,respectively.The percentage of shared species was 18.8419%.Compared with the control group,the model group had a higher diversity index and a lower number of species of Fusobacteria(at the phylum level),Helicobacter and Roseburia(at the genus level)(P<0.01).Differences in species diversity,structure,distribution and composition were found between the control group and early ARDS group.CONCLUSION:The detection of specific bacteria allows early detection and diagnosis of ALI/ARDS.
文摘Trauma patients are a diverse population with heterogeneous needs for ventilatory support. This requirement depends mainly on the severity of their ventilatory dysfunction, degree of deterioration in gaseous exchange, any associated injuries, and the individual feasibility of potentially using a noninvasive ventilation approach. Noninvasive ventilation may reduce the need to intubate patients with traumarelated hypoxemia. It is well-known that these patientsare at increased risk to develop hypoxemic respiratory failure which may or may not be associated with hypercapnia. Hypoxemia in these patients is due to ventilation perfusion mismatching and right to left shunt because of lung contusion, atelectasis, an inability to clear secretions as well as pneumothorax and/or hemothorax, all of which are common in trauma patients. Noninvasive ventilation has been tried in these patients in order to avoid the complications related to endotracheal intubation, mainly ventilator-associated pneumonia. The potential usefulness of noninvasive ventilation in the ventilatory management of trauma patients, though reported in various studies, has not been sufficiently investigated on a large scale. According to the British Thoracic Society guidelines, the indications and efficacy of noninvasive ventilation treatment in respiratory distress induced by trauma have thus far been inconsistent and merely received a low grade recommendation. In this review paper, we analyse and compare the results of various studies in which noninvasive ventilation was applied and discuss the role and efficacy of this ventilator modality in trauma.
