Brain mechanism of acupuncture for children with anisometropic amblyopia: a resting functional magnetic resonance imaging study based on voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity

AIM:To explore the brain mechanism of acupuncture for children with anisometropic amblyopia using the voxelmirror homotopic connectivity(VMHC)analysis method of resting functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)technology based on clinical effectiveness.METHODS:Eighty children with anisometropic monocular amblyopia were randomly divided into two groups:control(40 cases,1 case of shedding)and acupuncture(40 cases,1 case of shedding)groups.The control group was treated with glasses,red flash,grating,and visual stimulations,with each procedure conducted for 5min per time.Based on routine treatment,the acupuncture group underwent acupuncture of“regulating qi and unblocking meridians to bright eyes”,Jingming(BL1),Cuanzhu(BL2),Guangming(GB37),Fengchi(GB20)acupoints were taken on both sides,with the needle kept for 30min each time.Both groups were treated once every other day,three times per week,for a total of 4wk.After the treatment,the overall curative effect of the two groups and the latency and amplitude changes of P100 wave of pattern visual-evoked potential were counted.At the same time,nine children with left eye amblyopia were randomly selected from the two groups and were scanned with rsfMRI before and after treatment.The differences in the brain regions between the two groups were compared and analyzed with VMHC.RESULTS:Chi-square test showed a notable difference in the total efficiency rate between the acupuncture(94.87%)and control groups(79.49%).Regarding the P100 wave latency and amplitude,the acupuncture group had significantly shorter latency and higher amplitude of P100 wave than the control group.Moreover,the VMHC values of the bilateral temporal lobe,superior temporal gyrus,and middle temporal gyrus were notably increased in the acupuncture group after treatment.CONCLUSION:Acupuncture combined with conventional treatment can significantly improve the corrected visual acuity and optic nerve conduction in children with anisometropic amblyopia.Compared with the conventional treatment,the regulation of acupuncture on the functional activities of the relevant brain areas in the anterior cerebellum may be an effective acupuncture mechanism for anisometropic amblyopia.

神经元限制性沉默因子REST/NRSF参与调控癫痫作用及机制研究

目的探究神经元限制性沉默因子(REST/NRSF)参与调控癫痫作用及分子机制。方法采用免疫组织化学染色、免疫荧光、Western blot和qPCR检测癫痫患者病灶组织和海人藻酸(kainic acid,KA)癫痫小鼠海马脑区REST/NRSF表达水平的变化;采用病毒注射,脑电图记录和行为学方法检测在海马CA1区分别敲低或过表达REST/NRSF后对小鼠癫痫发作的影响。结果癫痫患者病灶REST/NRSF表达水平相对于脑外伤患者脑组织明显升高;KA模型组小鼠海马CA1区REST/NRSF蛋白和mRNA水平均明显升高,Kv7.2、Kv7.3钾通道mRNA表达水平明显下调;脑内注射NMDA兴奋海马脑区小鼠REST/NRSF表达水平明显上调;海马CA1区敲低REST/NRSF明显升高Kv7.2、Kv7.3钾通道mRNA表达水平,明显降低小鼠脑电图棘波、尖波发放频率以及癫痫发作等级;海马CA1区过表达REST/NRSF明显降低Kv7.2、Kv7.3钾通道mRNA表达水平,明显升高小鼠棘波、尖波发放频率,癫痫症状明显加重。结论小鼠海马脑区REST/NRSF通过转录调控Kv7.2、Kv7.3钾通道参与癫痫疾病发生发展。

REST API自动化测试综述

REST API已经成为访问和使用云服务、Web、移动应用程序的重要途径,如何对这些API进行自动化测试以保证服务的安全性和可靠性是亟待解决的问题。目前虽然关于REST API自动化测试的研究成果众多,但仍缺少对测试技术全面的分析和总结。梳理了该领域近10年的代表性成果,首先总结了REST API自动化测试的发展历程;然后结合REST API自动化测试特征,提炼了测试的通用流程;接着分别从预处理、测试用例生成、测试用例执行与监测、结果分析四个环节阐述现有成果的技术特征,对比分析其优缺点;最后论述当前研究存在的不足,讨论可能的解决思路,展望了下一步研究方向。

REST/TUBB3轴对卵巢癌紫杉醇化疗耐药性的影响及作用机制

目的 探究PE1沉默转录因子(REST)/微管蛋白β(TUBB)3对卵巢癌紫杉醇耐药性影响及作用机制。方法 免疫组织化学法检测卵巢癌紫杉醇敏感及耐药肿瘤组织中REST、TUBB3表达,Western印迹检测卵巢癌紫杉醇敏感及耐药细胞中REST、TUBB3蛋白表达,定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)检测卵巢癌组织中REST、TUBB3 mRNA表达。不同浓度紫杉醇作用于SKOV3、OVCAR3和SKOV3/tax、OVCAR3/tax细胞后,分析细胞凋亡与周期变化,CCK8检测细胞活力,Western印迹检测REST、TUBB3蛋白表达。过表达或敲低REST后,qPCR和Western印迹分别检测TUBB3 mRNA和蛋白表达,检测细胞凋亡水平和周期阻滞。染色质免疫沉淀法检测H3-ac、H4-ac、HADC1与TUBB3基因第2个CpG位点的结合。结果 REST在卵巢癌紫杉醇耐药肿瘤组织及细胞系中低表达,TUBB3异常高表达于卵巢癌紫杉醇化疗耐药肿瘤组织及细胞系,两者mRNA表达呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。不同浓度紫杉醇作用下,REST蛋白表达逐渐明显降低,TUBB3蛋白表达逐渐明显升高,SKOV3/tax、OVCAR3/tax细胞凋亡水平和细胞周期阻滞显著低于SKOV3、OVCAR3(P<0.05)。过表达REST后,TUBB3表达明显降低,细胞对紫杉醇敏感性明显提高,细胞凋亡水平和细胞周期阻滞显著提高(P<0.05)。敲低REST后H3-ac、H4-ac与TUBB3基因第2个CpG位点的结合增强,促进TUBB3基因转录。结论 在卵巢癌紫杉醇化疗耐药组织及细胞系中,REST低表达,而TUBB3异常高表达,REST和TUBB3的RE-1序列结合调控其转录,在紫杉醇化疗耐药中发挥负调控作用。

基于RESTful架构的气象数据检验接口设计与实现

气象数据质量评价是整个数据链条中的关键一环。为解决目前气象数据检验业务分散滞后、资源不集约及服务效率不高的问题,实现统一服务,基于现代Web应用流行框架RESTful,首次将检验作为Web服务,基于共性检验需求设计并实现RESTful架构风格的气象数据检验接口。统一接口服务将业务资源进行集中,提高物理资源利用率的同时释放人力资源。接口服务以及基于接口开发的检验系统,可实现检验结果秒级在线查询,大大提高检验效率,丰富的接口和可视化系统给用户带来良好体验。

RESTlogic: Detecting Logic Vulnerabilities in Cloud REST APIs

logical testing model and resource lifecycle information,generate test cases and complete parameters,and alleviate inconsistency issues through parameter inference.Once again,we propose a method of analyzing test results using joint state codes and call stack information,which compensates for the shortcomings of traditional analysis methods.We will apply our method to testing REST services,including OpenStack,an open source cloud operating platform for experimental evaluation.We have found a series of inconsistencies,known vulnerabilities,and new unknown logical defects.

Evaluation of the coefficient of lateral stress at rest of granular materials under repetitive loading conditions

Although the internal stress state of soils can be affected by repetitive loading,there are few studies evaluating the lateral stress(or K_(0))of soils under repetitive loading.This study investigates the changes in K_(0) and directional shear wave velocity(V_(s))in samples of two granular materials with different particle shapes during repetitive loading.A modified oedometer cell equipped with bender elements and a diaphragm transducer was developed to measure the variations in the lateral stress and the shear wave velocity,under repetitive loading on the loading and unloading paths.The study produced the following results:(1)Repetitive loading on the loading path resulted in an increase in the K_(0) of test samples as a function of cyclic loading number(i),and(2)Repetitive loading on the unloading path resulted in a decrease in K_(0) according to i.The shear wave velocity ratio(i.e.V_(s)(HH)/V_(s)(VH),where the first and second letters in parentheses corresponds to the directions of wave propagation and particle motion,respectively,and V and H corresponds to the vertical and horizontal directions,respectively)according to i supports the experimental observations of this study.However,when the tested material was in lightly over-consolidated state,there was an increase in K_(0) during repetitive loading,indicating that it was the initial K_(0),rather than the loading path,which is responsible for the change in K_(0).The power model can capture the variation in the K_(0) of samples according to i.Notably,the K_(0)=1 line acts as the boundary between the increase and decrease in K_(0) under repetitive loading.

Application of buried auricular point combined with Wenjing Sanhan prescription in arteriosclerosis obliterans patients with resting pain

BACKGROUND Research on the combined use of ear acupoint embedding beans and warming meridians with cold-dispersing formulas for alleviating resting pain in patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans(ASO)remains limited.AIM To explore the therapeutic efficacy of auricular point embedding beans combined with Wenjing Sanhan prescription in alleviating resting pain in patients with lower-limb ASO.METHODS A total of 100 patients with ASO experiencing resting pain who were treated at our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were enrolled.They were randomly allocated into two groups using a double-blind approach.The control group was treated using a warming meridian with a cold-dispersing formula,while the study group received additional treatment with ear acupoint embedding beans.The clinical efficacy,ankle-brachial artery pressure ratio,hemorheological indicators,and traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The clinical efficacy rate in the study group was significantly higher(94.00%)than that in the control group(72.00%,P<0.05).Moreover,the ankle-brachial artery pressure ratio was significantly higher in the study group after treatment(P<0.05).Hemorheological parameters,including whole blood viscosity,plasma viscosity(1.83±0.11)mPa/s,fibrinogen levels(3.30±0.21)g/L,platelet adhesion rate(49.87%±10.51%),and erythrocyte aggregation index(1.79±0)were improved in the study group compared to the control group.In addition,the scores for decreased skin temperature(1.41±0.26),intermittent claudication(1.30±0.20),and resting pain(1.23±0.31)were significantly lower in the study group than those in the control group(all P<0.05).The level of oxidative stress in the study group also exhibited significant improvement(P<0.05),and the levels of inflammatory factors were considerably lower than those in the control group.CONCLUSION The combination of ear point embedding beans and Wenjing Sanhan prescription demonstrates promising clinical efficacy in alleviating resting pain associated with ASO.

基于RESTful的动力环境监控系统设计与实现

当前通信网络动力环境监控系统缺乏关联故障对业务的影响,存在告警重点不突出、不能及时跟进故障处理进度、拓展性差等问题。为了解决上述问题,基于RESTful架构开发了动力环境监控系统,优化监控流程,建立知识库使告警与业务相关联、告警与维护人员相关联,实现告警过滤、多参数统计、拖拉拽方式灵活配置通报内容、自动化通报等功能,对故障处理进行闭环管理。系统有较强拓展性,其中告警模块、业务关联模块及通报模块等核心模块可根据不同监控场景自主灵活配置,可应用于通信网络、广播、电力等行业。

Application of Connected Truck Data to Evaluate Spatiotemporal Impact of Rest Area Closures on Ramp Parking

Ensuring adequate access to truck parking is critical to the safe and efficient movement of freight traffic. There are strict federal guidelines for commercial truck driver rest periods. Rest areas and private truck stops are the only places for the trucks to stop legally and safely. In locations without sufficient parking areas, trucks often park on interstate ramps, which create safety risks for other interstate motorists. Historically, agencies have employed costly and time intensive manual counting methods, camera surveillance, and driver surveys to assess truck parking. Connected truck data, available in near real-time, offers an efficient alternative to practitioners to assess truck parking patterns and identify areas where there may be insufficient safe parking spaces. This paper presents a case study of interstate I-70 in east central Indiana and documents the observed spatiotemporal impacts of a rest area closure on truck parking on nearby interstate ramps. Results showed that there was a 28% increase in parking on ramps during the rest area closure. Analysis also found that ramps closest to the rest area were most impacted by the closure, seeing a rise in truck parking sessions as high as 2.7 times. Parking duration on the ramps during rest area closure also increased drastically. Although it was expected that this would result in increased parking by trucks on adjacent ramps, this before, during, after scenario provided an ideal scenario to evaluate the robustness of these techniques to assess changing parking characteristics of long-haul commercial trucks. The data analytics and visualization tools presented in this study are scalable nationwide and will aid stakeholders in informed data-driven decision making when allocating resources towards improving the nations commercial vehicle parking infrastructure.

通过CoAP协议对紫外线消毒系统资源的RESTful改造

目前物联网领域存在许多传输协议,其中消息队列遥测传输(Message Queuing Telemetry Transport,MQTT)和受限应用协议(Constrained Application Protocol,CoAP)是当前物联网环境下应用得最为广泛的轻量级协议。本文通过CoAP协议实现了紫外线消毒设备与物联网平台的连接,成功实现了对紫外线消毒设备资源的RESTful改造。

Alteration of functional connectivity in patients with Alzheimer’s disease revealed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging

The main symptom of patients with Alzheimer’s disease is cognitive dysfunction. Alzheimer’s disease is mainly diagnosed based on changes in brain structure. Functional connectivity reflects the synchrony of functional activities between non-adjacent brain regions, and changes in functional connectivity appear earlier than those in brain structure. In this study, we detected resting-state functional connectivity changes in patients with Alzheimer’s disease to provide reference evidence for disease prediction. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data from patients with Alzheimer’s disease were used to show whether particular white and gray matter areas had certain functional connectivity patterns and if these patterns changed with disease severity. In nine white and corresponding gray matter regions, correlations of normal cognition, early mild cognitive impairment, and late mild cognitive impairment with blood oxygen level-dependent signal time series were detected. Average correlation coefficient analysis indicated functional connectivity patterns between white and gray matter in the resting state of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Functional connectivity pattern variation correlated with disease severity, with some regions having relatively strong or weak correlations. We found that the correlation coefficients of five regions were 0.3–0.5 in patients with normal cognition and 0–0.2 in those developing Alzheimer’s disease. Moreover, in the other four regions, the range increased to 0.45–0.7 with increasing cognitive impairment. In some white and gray matter areas, there were specific connectivity patterns. Changes in regional white and gray matter connectivity patterns may be used to predict Alzheimer’s disease;however, detailed information on specific connectivity patterns is needed. All study data were obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Library of the Image and Data Archive Database.

Abnormal resting-state functional network centrality in patients with high myopia： evidence from a voxel-wise degree centrality analysis

AIM： To investigate the functional networks underlying the brain-activity changes of patients with high myopia using the voxel-wise degree centrality（DC） method.METHODS： In total, 38 patients with high myopia（HM）（17 males and 21 females）, whose binocular refractive diopter were-6.00 to-7.00 D, and 38 healthy controls（17 males and 21 females）, closely matched in age, sex, and education levels, participated in the study. Spontaneous brain activities were evaluated using the voxel-wise DC method. The receiver operating characteristic curve was measured to distinguish patients with HM from healthy controls. Correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between the observed mean DC values of the different brain areas and the behavioral performance.RESULTS： Compared with healthy controls, HM patients had significantly decreased DC values in the right inferior frontal gyrus/insula, right middle frontal gyrus, and right supramarginal/inferior parietal lobule（P〈0.05）. In contrast, HM patients had significantly increased DC values in the right cerebellum posterior lobe, left precentral gyrus/postcentral gyrus, and right middle cingulate gyrus（P〈0.05）. However, no relationship was found between the observed mean DC values of the different brain areas and the behavioral performance（P〉0.05）.CONCLUSION： HM is associated with abnormalities in many brain regions, which may indicate the neural mechanisms of HM. The altered DC values may be used as a useful biomarker for the brain activity changes in HM patients.

Deactivation Kinetics of Nitrile Hydratase in Free Resting Cells

Nitrile hydratase (NHase) is an important industrial enzyme used for acrylamide production from acrylonitrile.The deactivation kinetics of NHases in free resting cells of Rhodococcus sp.was presented based on a bi-steady state assumption.Effects of hydration temperature,product concentration and substrate concentration on NHase deactivation were investigated experimentally and correlated with a first order deactivation kinetics.The results showed that the hydration temperature and product concentration were major factors governing the deactivation of NHases under substrate-feeding conditions.When acrylamide concentration was higher than 250 g·L1,the deactivation of NHases became serious and the bi-steady state assumption was not applicable.When the hydration temperature was controlled at a relatively higher level such as 28°C,the total deactivation rate constant was about 2.8-fold of that at 20°C.

An abnormal resting-state functional brain network indicates progression towards Alzheimer's disease

Brain structure and cognitive function change in the temporal lobe, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex of patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer＇s disease, and brain network-connection strength, network efficiency, and nodal attributes are abnormal. However, existing research has only analyzed the differences between these patients and normal controls. In this study, we constructed brain networks using resting-state functional MRI data that was extracted from four populations （nor- mal controls, patients with early mild cognitive impairment, patients with late mild cognitive impairment, and patients with Alzheimer＇s disease） using the Alzheimer＇s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative data set. The aim was to analyze the characteristics of resting-state functional neural networks, and to observe mild cognitive impairment at different stages before the transformation to Alzheimer＇s disease. Results showed that as cognitive deficits increased across the four groups, the shortest path in the rest- ing-state functional network gradually increased, while clustering coefficients gradually decreased. This evidence indicates that dementia is associated with a decline of brain network efficiency. In addi- tion, the changes in functional networks revealed the progressive deterioration of network function across brain regions from healthy elderly adults to those with mild cognitive impairment and AIz- heimer＇s disease. The alterations of node attributes in brain regions may reflect the cognitive functions in brain regions, and we speculate that early impairments in memory, hearing, and language function can eventually lead to diffuse brain injury and other cognitive impairments.

Effect of Chinese tuina massage therapy on resting state brain functional network of patients with chronic neck pain

Objective:Cervical disease,a type of chronic pain,can greatly impact quality of life.Traditional Chinese tuina,a form of therapeutic massage and manipulation,has been shown to be effective in relieving pain and other symptoms in patients with chronic neck pain.This study applied functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to explore the features of the resting state network of patients with chronic neck pain caused by cervical radiculopathy,and how tuina affects the causality between intrinsic brain networks.Methods:Using Granger causality analysis,effective connectivity of brain networks of 10 patients with chronic neck pain was compared with 10 healthy control subjects.Resting state fMRI data were using magnetic resonance scanning.Cervical spondylosis symptom scores were evaluated before and after 4 weeks of tuina therapy.Independent component analysis was applied to extract the specific networks related to sensation,execution,and cognition,including sensorimotor network (SMN),visual network (VN),auditory network (AN),anterior and posterior default mode network (aDMN,pDMN),left frontoparietal network and right frontoparietal network.Results:Compared with the control group,data from the treatment group revealed two major findings:before tuina therapy,SMN had a profound influence on aDMN and AN greatly affected pDMN;however,after 4 weeks of tuina therapy,aDMN and SMN showed reversed causality.Conclusion:Chronic neck pain caused by cervical radiculopathy may influence the DMN,which plays an important role in emotion,cognition,and memory,by stimulating the sensory afferent network.Tuina not only significantly relieves pain and discomfort,but also reverses the causality between aDMN and SMN.

基于依赖模型的REST接口测试用例生成方法研究

REST接口中普遍存在依赖关系,导致生成合理的接口调用序列与输入参数变得十分困难。现有的大多数方法只考虑了其中一种依赖关系,并需要人工执行繁杂的前置操作,生成的测试用例有效性仍然较低。针对以上问题,文中提出了一种基于依赖模型的测试用例生成方法。通过解析OpenAPI文档,该方法提取了接口内的操作间依赖关系与参数间依赖关系,并据此建立了两种依赖模型,从模型生成测试用例,最后从3方面确定测试预言。实验结果表明,该方法的输入度量覆盖率达到了100%,状态码类别、状态码、响应资源类型的覆盖率分别达到了100%,91.67%,83.33%,并能在限定时间内检出接口内部缺陷;与RESTler和RESTest相比,该方法的输出度量覆盖率最大提高了36%,触发了最多次的异常响应状态码,检测到接口异常响应的比例最大提高了10%。该方法为REST接口的测试用例生成问题提供了有价值的参考。

Altered spontaneous brain activity in patients with diabetic optic neuropathy:A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study using regional homogeneity

BACKGROUND Diabetes is a common chronic disease.Given the increasing incidence of diabetes,more individuals are affected by diabetic optic neuropathy(DON),which results in decreased vision.Whether DON leads to abnormalities of other visual systems,including the eye,the visual cortex,and other brain regions,remains unknown.AIM To investigate the local characteristics of spontaneous brain activity using regional homogeneity(ReHo)in patients with DON.METHODS We matched 22 patients with DON with 22 healthy controls(HCs).All subjects underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.The ReHo technique was used to record spontaneous changes in brain activity.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were applied to differentiate between ReHo values for patients with DON and HCs.We also assessed the correlation between Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores and ReHo values in DON patients using Pearson correlation analysis.RESULTS ReHo values of the right middle frontal gyrus(RMFG),left anterior cingulate(LAC),and superior frontal gyrus(SFG)/left frontal superior orbital gyrus(LFSO)were significantly lower in DON patients compared to HCs.Among these,the greatest difference was observed in the RMFG.The result of the ROC curves suggest that ReHo values in altered brain regions may help diagnose DON,and the RMFG and LAC ReHo values are more clinically relevant than SFG/LFSO.We also found that anxiety and depression scores of the DON group were extremely negatively correlated with the LAC ReHo values(r=-0.9336,P<0.0001 and r=-0.8453,P<0.0001,respectively).CONCLUSION Three different brain regions show ReHo changes in DON patients,and these changes could serve as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers to further guide the prevention and treatment of DON patients.

Survivors of COVID-19 exhibit altered amplitudes of low frequency fluctuation in the brain: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study at 1-year follow-up

Although some short-term follow-up studies have found that individuals recovering from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)exhibit anxiety,depression,and altered brain microstructure,their long-term physical problems,neuropsychiatric sequelae,and changes in brain function remain unknown.This observational cohort study collected 1-year follow-up data from 22 patients who had been hospitalized with COVID-19(8 males and 11 females,aged 54.2±8.7 years).Fatigue and myalgia were persistent symptoms at the 1-year follow-up.The resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed that compared with 29 healthy controls(7 males and 18 females,aged 50.5±11.6 years),COVID-19 survivors had greatly increased amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(ALFF)values in the left precentral gyrus,middle frontal gyrus,inferior frontal gyrus of operculum,inferior frontal gyrus of triangle,insula,hippocampus,parahippocampal gyrus,fusiform gyrus,postcentral gyrus,inferior parietal angular gyrus,supramarginal gyrus,angular gyrus,thalamus,middle temporal gyrus,inferior temporal gyrus,caudate,and putamen.ALFF values in the left caudate of the COVID-19 survivors were positively correlated with their Athens Insomnia Scale scores,and those in the left precentral gyrus were positively correlated with neutrophil count during hospitalization.The long-term follow-up results suggest that the ALFF in brain regions related to mood and sleep regulation were altered in COVID-19 survivors.This can help us understand the neurobiological mechanisms of COVID-19-related neuropsychiatric sequelae.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University(approval No.2020 S004)on March 19,2020.

基于Restful的智慧化旅游系统设计

该文从系统松耦合、扩展性出发,在解决导航、路线的基础上,设计了一种基于Restful的智慧化旅游系统。研究提出了系统的整体架构设计思路,细分了系统的表现层、业务层和数据层,并从标识、模块、参数、表述以及缓存等方面进行了软、硬件设计。经系统测试验证后发现能够显著提高耦合性与扩展性,可结合用户需求合理设计线路,为其提供真实的沉浸体验和旅游服务指导。