A novel small-animal locomotor activity recording device for biological clock research

The rodent running-wheel recording apparatus is a reliable approach for studying cir-cadian rhythm.This study demonstrated how to construct a simple and intelligent running-wheel recording system.The running wheel was attached to the cage's base,whereas the Hall sensor was attached to the cage's cover.Then,the RJ25 adaptor relayed the running signal to the main control board.Finally,the main control board was connected to the USB port of the computer with the USB connection.Data were collected using the online-accessible,self-created software Magturning.Through Magturning,generated data were saved and exported in real time.Afterward,the device was validated by collecting data on the locomotor activities of mice under dif-ferent light conditions.In conclusion,this new device can record circadian activity of rodents.Our device is appropriate for interdisciplinary investigations related to biological clock research.

Effects of constant light and dark conditions on the locomotor activity,body mass,and body temperature rhythms of Eurasian Tree Sparrows(Passer montanus)

Light is an essential environmental cue influencing the endogenous circadian clocks that regulate behavioral and physiological processes in animals.Despite extensive research on the circadian rhythms of avian behavior and physiology,the mechanisms by which they adapt and adjust to abnormal photoperiod conditions,such as artificial light,have yet to be fully elucidated.Here,the circadian rhythms of the body mass,activity,and core and peripheral body temperatures of the Eurasian Tree Sparrow(Passer montanus,ETS)-a diurnal passerine-were examined under three different lighting conditions:constant light(LL),constant darkness(DD),and normal light-dark cycles(LD).Our results showed that the activity,body mass,core,tarsometatarsus,and eye temperatures of the ETSs varied significantly with treatment,time,and the interaction between treatment and time;however,there was no significant change in body mass in response to the interaction between time and treatment.Under LD conditions,the ETSs exhibited significant circadian rhythms in activity and core,tarsometatarsus,and eye temperatures.Under LL conditions,only the core temperature exhibited significant rhythmicity.Under DD conditions,there were no significant circadian rhythms in activity,body mass,and eye temperature;however,the core and tarsometatarsus temperatures remained rhythmic.Our results indicate that the core body temperature rhythm of ETS is endogenous and can be maintained under abnormal photoperiods.In contrast,the activity and body surface temperature,uncoupled from the core body temperature under abnormal photoperiod conditions,strongly depend on light.These results differ from those of other diurnal avian species,suggesting a unique coping mechanism of ETS in response to an abnormal photoperiod.

Altered spontaneous brain activity in patients with diabetic optic neuropathy:A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study using regional homogeneity

BACKGROUND Diabetes is a common chronic disease.Given the increasing incidence of diabetes,more individuals are affected by diabetic optic neuropathy(DON),which results in decreased vision.Whether DON leads to abnormalities of other visual systems,including the eye,the visual cortex,and other brain regions,remains unknown.AIM To investigate the local characteristics of spontaneous brain activity using regional homogeneity(ReHo)in patients with DON.METHODS We matched 22 patients with DON with 22 healthy controls(HCs).All subjects underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.The ReHo technique was used to record spontaneous changes in brain activity.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were applied to differentiate between ReHo values for patients with DON and HCs.We also assessed the correlation between Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores and ReHo values in DON patients using Pearson correlation analysis.RESULTS ReHo values of the right middle frontal gyrus(RMFG),left anterior cingulate(LAC),and superior frontal gyrus(SFG)/left frontal superior orbital gyrus(LFSO)were significantly lower in DON patients compared to HCs.Among these,the greatest difference was observed in the RMFG.The result of the ROC curves suggest that ReHo values in altered brain regions may help diagnose DON,and the RMFG and LAC ReHo values are more clinically relevant than SFG/LFSO.We also found that anxiety and depression scores of the DON group were extremely negatively correlated with the LAC ReHo values(r=-0.9336,P<0.0001 and r=-0.8453,P<0.0001,respectively).CONCLUSION Three different brain regions show ReHo changes in DON patients,and these changes could serve as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers to further guide the prevention and treatment of DON patients.

Locomotor activity rhythm in the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica elvers

Under artificial LD cycles （6, 12, 18 L）, the elvers of Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, showed a 24 h cycle of locomotor activity rhythm being most active at light transitions ： the eels＇ activity rose to a primary peak after lights-off, followed by a quiescent period during which they buried into the shelters or lying motionlessly on sand for most of the time, and then reached a secondary peak before lights-on. Elvers could resynchronize their activity rhythm with a new photo cycle within 4 d. Moreover, their activity level at dark phase significantly increased as the light period was prolonged ： higher activity levels during shorter dark period. However, the elvers did not display clearly the existence of a circadian rhythm under constant light or dark conditions. The timing of daily activity rhythm evidenced in the Japanese eels may occur through the action of the LD cycles with a weak participation of an endogenous circadian system. In all the LD cycles, over 99% of the activity occurred in the dark phase, indicating that the eels were always nocturnally active no matter what time of day it might be. Under 12 L conditions, the eels＇ activity level and the time outside sand were significantly elevated both at light and dark phases as temperature increased from 10 - 15 to 20 - 25 ℃. The activity rhythm pattern （ i. e. , two peaks occurring around light transitions） did not apparently change among temperatures. However, in contrast with the primary activity peaks immediately after lights-off at 20 and 25 ℃, the timing of the primary peaks at 10 and 15 ℃ showed a latency of a few hours following lights-off, indicating the inhibiting effect of low temperature on the eels＇ activity.

Altered spontaneous brain activity pattern in patients with ophthalmectomy: an resting-state fMRI study

●AIM:To use the voxel-wise degree centrality(DC)method to explore the underlying functional network brain-activity in patients with ophthalmectomy.●METHODS:A total of 32 ophthalmic surgery patients(10 women and 22 men),and 32 healthy subjects(10 women and 22 men)highly matched in gender,age,and the same operation method.Everyone experienced a restingstate functional magnetic resonance imaging scan.The spontaneous brain activity could be assessed by DC.Correlation analysis was used to explore the relationships between the average DC signal values and behavior performance in different regions.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)cur ve analysis was utilized to differentiate between ophthalmectomy patients and healthy controls(HCs).●RESULTS:Compared with HCs,ophthalmectomy patients had greatly reduced DC values in left lingual gyrus,bilateral lingual lobe,left cingulate gyrus,and increased DC values of left cerebellum posterior lobe,left middle frontal gyrus1,right supramarginal gyrus,left middle frontal gyrus2,right middle frontal gyrus.However,we did not find that there was a correlation between the average DC values from various brain regions and clinical manifestations.●CONCLUSION:Dysfunction may be caused by ophthalmectomy in lots of cerebral areas,which may show the potential pathological mechanism of ophthalmectomy and it is beneficial to clinical diagnosis.

The Rhythm of Earthquake Activity and an Analysis on the Earthquake Tendency of the World, the Chinese Continent and North China

Based on the Morlet complex wavelet transformation,the authors put forward a kind of new method for distinguishing periods of seismic activity and quietude and a new physical thought on the time-dependent wavelet accumulation energy spectrum with periods, the time-frequency distribution of wavelet vibration period spectrum and period-specific wavelet vibration spectrum. By applying the above methods to a time series which is composed of earthquake accumulation energy per year for the world, the Chinese continent and North China, respectively, we obtained some new information about the rhythm of shallow earthquake activity. Considering the historic earthquakes and the rhythm characteristics of current strong earthquake activity, the earthquake tendency in the next years is discussed.

Abnormal brain activity in adolescents with Internet addiction who attempt suicide: an assessment using functional magnetic resonance imaging

Internet addiction is associated with an increased risk of suicidal behavior and can lead to brain dysfunction among adolescents.However,whether brain dysfunction occurs in adolescents with Internet addiction who attempt suicide remains unknown.This observational cross-sectional study enrolled 41 young Internet addicts,aged from 15 to 20 years,from the Department of Psychiatry,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,China from January to May 2018.The participants included 21 individuals who attempted suicide and 20 individuals with Internet addiction without a suicidal attempt history.Brain images in the resting state were obtained by a 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging scanner.The results showed that activity in the gyrus frontalis inferior of the right pars triangularis and the right pars opercularis was significantly increased in the suicidal attempt group compared with the non-suicidal attempt group.In the resting state,the prefrontal lobe of adolescents who had attempted suicide because of Internet addiction exhibited functional abnormalities,which may provide a new basis for studying suicide pathogenesis in Internet addicts.The study was authorized by the Ethics Committee of Chongqing Medical University,China(approval No.2017 Scientific Research Ethics(2017-157))on December 11,2017.

基于REST的Activiti流程子系统研究与实现

本文对Activiti流程引擎的研究,通过对引擎底层功能进行封装,提供RESTfull风格的接口,采用JSON作为数据交换格式,实现了适应多个业务系统使用的流程子系统。

黄泥河林区3种有蹄类动物时空生态位特征

为探明马鹿(Cervus elaphus)、狍(Capreolus pygargus)、野猪(Sus scrofa)3种有蹄类动物的同域共存机制,采用红外相机法和大样方法对黄泥河林业局所属林区3种有蹄类动物的日活动节律和空间分布进行了研究.结果表明:3种有蹄类动物日活动节律重叠度较高,但活动高峰彼此错开,马鹿和狍为晨昏类型动物,野猪为昼行性动物;在黄泥河林区内,三者栖息地重叠面积较大,马鹿和狍地理分布重叠度的D值和I值分别为0.648和0.865,马鹿和野猪地理分布重叠度的D值和I值分别为0.601和0.809,狍和野猪地理分布重叠度的D值和I值分别为0.701和0.912;3种有蹄类动物在海拔、人为干扰因素下实现空间生态位分离.

赤水桫椤自然保护区小灵猫及其潜在啮齿类猎物活动节律的季节适应格局

动物的日活动节律具有内源性且受外界生态因素(光周期、气候和食物等)影响,是动物生态适应性特征之一。阐明活动节律与气候和捕食者−猎物的关系,对于理解动物的生存策略、指导保护等至关重要。目前通过红外相机技术探究野生动物日活动节律日益受到学者们的关注。灵猫科动物是热带和亚热带生境中的重要次级消费者之一,但其野外相关研究甚少。本研究基于2016年12月至2022年7月在贵州赤水桫椤国家级自然保护区及其周边区域设置的60个红外相机位点监测影像资料,筛选小灵猫(Viverricula indica)及其相应监测位点的潜在啮齿类猎物数据。通过核密度函数比较分析了保护区内、外的小灵猫及其潜在啮齿类猎物在雨季、旱季的日活动节律特征。结果显示,小灵猫有明显的晨昏两个活动高峰,时间分别是03:00—06:00和19:00—24:00。季节比对发现,小灵猫雨季凌晨活动高峰(03:00—05:00)早于旱季(04:00—06:00),活动强度较旱季高且集中;黄昏后的活动较旱季有所延长。进一步分析其活动与潜在的啮齿类猎物的重叠度,结果发现小灵猫与赤腹松鼠(Callosciurus erythraeus)的重叠度整体较低(雨季,Δ=0.18;旱季,Δ=0.16);与夜行性鼠类的活动节律重叠度高达90%以上,其中旱季的重叠系数(Δ=0.93)高于雨季(Δ=0.90)。此外,在保护区内的小灵猫凌晨活动高峰结束较保护区外延迟约1 h;黄昏后高峰阶段的活动强度(核密度)峰值明显高于保护区外。少许日间活动也主要出现在保护区内。上述结果表明,小灵猫的昼夜节律既有保守性,也具有一定的季节可塑性。这些特征型表现与季节性猎物分布和环境变化关联,并受人类活动的影响。本研究结果对充分认识小灵猫生活史特征以及实现物种有效保护提供数据支持。

基于样线法及红外相机技术的安徽输电线路鸟类活动规律初步研究

近年来,在输电线路附近活动的鸟类日益增多,由此引发的输电线路故障也常被报道,研究输电线路上鸟类的活动规律对于保障输电线路运行的安全性具有重要意义。为探究输电线路上鸟类的活动规律,本研究采用样线法对安徽输电线路沿线附近鸟类进行了调查,并结合红外相机技术,系统调查和分析了五处高压线路杆塔上鸟类的活动情况。调查结果显示:样线法调查到的输电线路沿线活动鸟类共计18目46科135种,主要以小型鸟居多,迁徙季节有大型侯鸟类。常见鸟类有喜鹊、麻雀、白头鹎、丝光椋鸟、八哥、山斑鸠、珠颈斑鸠等。在输电线路杆塔上做巢的高危鸟类有黑翅鸢、红隼、八哥、灰椋鸟、黑领椋鸟、喜鹊。红外相机拍摄到的鸟类共11种,其中相对丰富度最高的3种鸟类依次是喜鹊、八哥和乌鸫。鸟类的日活动时间段大致在5:00—19:00,活动峰值在7:00—9:00和15:00—17:00时间段,13:00附近出现活动低谷。本研究可为输电线路鸟类安全防护策略和技术方案的制定提供一定的科学依据。

靶向REST基因TALEN质粒的快速构建与活性检测

目的针对人REST基因设计并构建特异性类转录激活因子效应物核酸酶(TALEN)质粒,快速获得具有较高突变效率的TALEN。方法根据REST的序列信息设计TALEN靶位,使用单元组装的方法快速构建TALEN质粒,在293T细胞中进行活性检测并计算突变效率。结果针对REST设计并成功构建5个TALEN质粒,组成6对TALEN并实现基因打靶,其中L1和R3组合的突变效率达到60.9%。结论成功获得了靶向人REST基因的高效TALEN,为进一步研究REST的基因功能及其在相关疾病中的作用奠定基础。

湖南高望界国家级自然保护区毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)活动节律及生境选择研究

为弄清湖南高望界国家级自然保护区毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)的种群、活动节律及生境特征,采用红外相机技术于2021年3月—2022年5月、2023年3月—12月对该保护区毛冠鹿进行了监测研究。结果表明:1)毛冠鹿位点出现率为66.67%,相对多度指数(relative abundance index,RAI)为1.61;2)毛冠鹿日活动强度具有明显差异性,在4:00—6:00相对多度指数最低,在18:00—20:00相对多度指数最高;3)毛冠鹿月活动强度具有明显差异性,在6月相对多度指数达到高峰,形成单峰型活动节律;4)不同季节毛冠鹿对生境的选择不同,在春季,海拔、植被类型以及灌木盖度是影响毛冠鹿生境选择的主要因素,在夏季,海拔与灌木盖度是影响毛冠鹿生境选择的主要因素,在秋季,海拔与坡位是影响毛冠鹿生境选择的主要因素,在冬季,海拔、坡位、植被类型与乔木盖度均成为毛冠鹿生境选择的主导因素;5)毛冠鹿在冬季与其他3个季节对于乔木盖度、灌木盖度与坡向的选择有显著性差异,其他3个季节偏向于乔木盖度为51%~75%、灌木盖度为51%~75%的半阴坡生境,冬季偏向于乔木盖度为76%~100%、灌木盖度为26%~50%的半阳坡生境,而春、夏、秋3个季节间的生境选择均无显著性差异。

江西桃红岭保护区同域分布有蹄类动物活动节律差异

为探究同域分布的有蹄类动物活动节律及其季节性差异,2017年3月—2019年5月,利用红外相机技术在江西桃红岭梅花鹿国家级自然保护区对有蹄类动物开展野外监测。在15208个相机有效工作日中,共拍摄到梅花鹿(Cervus nippon)、野猪(Sus scrofa)和小麂(Muntiacus reevesi)3种有蹄类动物,相对丰富度依次为3.90%、9.72%和39.59%。年活动格局分析表明,梅花鹿和野猪在4月相对丰富度最高,小麂在5月和7月相对丰富度最高,三者均在12月相对丰富度最低。核密度估计和重叠系数的分析结果表明:(1)在日活动节律上,梅花鹿属于夜间活动为主、晨昏活动为辅类型,野猪与小麂同属于以晨昏活动为主、昼间活动为辅类型。(2)梅花鹿日活动节律存在明显的季节性变化,春季与夏季的重叠系数最高(Δ=0.83)。野猪与小麂日活动节律无明显的季节性变化。(3)不同物种日活动节律的重叠系数存在差异。野猪与小麂的日活动模式高度重叠,但与梅花鹿的活动高峰基本错开。研究揭示了3种有蹄类动物的活动节律及其季节性差异,为深入开展同域分布有蹄类物种的共存机制奠定了基础。

亚热带森林小麂的空间分布及活动节律的区域性差异

小麂(Muntiacus reevesi)是偶蹄目鹿科麂属动物,在我国种群数量丰富,分布广泛,但关于小麂在不同区域的空间分布及活动节律的差异性研究相对较少。为掌握小麂的活动节律及其影响因素,2018年3月至2019年2月利用红外相机技术对江西省桃红岭梅花鹿国家级自然保护区、九岭山国家级自然保护区和齐云山国家级自然保护区的小麂进行了监测,每个保护区的红外相机数量均为60台,相机工作日分别为9692、9659、14582 d,小麂的独立有效照片数分别为603、665、1032张,并运用单季节占域模型估算了各地区小麂的占域率和探测率,分析了海拔、坡度、植被覆盖度以及距水源地距离等环境变量对小麂活动规律以及分布范围的影响。结果表明,桃红岭保护区和九岭山保护区的小麂偏好于海拔较低、坡度较小、植被指数较低、距水源地距离较近的区域;齐云山保护区的小麂偏好于海拔较高、坡度较大、植被指数较高、距水源地距离较近的区域。小麂为明显的晨昏性动物,日活动高峰出现在06:00—08:00和17:00—19:00。其日活动节律在齐云山存在显著季节差异,桃红岭保护区和九岭山保护区则无显著季节差异,各保护区之间的年活动节律不存在显著差异。该研究结果有助于进一步了解小麂的活动节律模式及其季节性变化,进一步了解小麂在自然状态下的生态习性,为这一物种的保护和管理提供数据支撑。

基于红外相机的云岭山脉南部地区花面狸的分布和活动节律研究

2019年10月—2021年5月,利用红外相机技术对云岭山脉南部地区花面狸(Paguma larvata)的分布和活动节律进行研究。布设相机125台,共收集61个分布位点和283张独立有效照片。结果表明:花面狸在云岭山脉南部地区分布广泛,可利用多种类型生境,但在落叶阔叶与常绿阔叶混交林、落叶阔叶林和常绿阔叶林中活动频率较高;花面狸在海拔2700~3700 m活动频率最高,不同季节的活动频率在海拔间存在显著差异(p<0.05);花面狸是夜行性动物,日活动节律呈双峰型,活动高峰为20:00—22:00和04:00—06:00;季节活动节律呈现明显差异,冬季和其他季节之间、春季和秋季之间活动节律均有显著差异(p<0.05)。

贺兰山岩羊活动节律与家域特征

野生动物的活动节律和家域特征是其为适应内外环境变化而形成的生存模式,研究活动节律和家域特征有助于深入了解野生动物生态适应性,维护生态平衡,并有助于制定科学保护策略。因此,基于北斗卫星追踪项圈监测技术,深入研究了贺兰山岩羊(Pseudois nayaur)全年的活动节律和家域特征,以及不同季节、性别的个体差异。研究表明:(1)岩羊属于晨昏性动物(06:00—10:00、16:00—20:00),4个季节均表现为双峰模式的日活动节律;(2)岩羊全年的活动速率为(0.17±0.51)km/h,且不同季节的活动速率存在显著差异(χ^(2)=133.48,df=3,p<0.05),冬季活动速率最高,为0.23 km/h;雌雄个体间活动速率存在边缘显著差异(Z=-1.913,p=0.056),雄性个体的活动速率高于雌性个体;(3)岩羊的家域和核域范围无明显季节性差异(家域,χ^(2)=1.623,df=3,p=0.654;核域,χ^(2)=0.727,df=3,p=0.867),性别间无显著差异。建议保护团队在晨昏高峰期加强监测,避免人为干扰;在冬季采取补饲等保护措施确保食物充足;并在制定管理计划时充分考虑家域特征。

浙江遂昌地区同域分布猪獾与花面狸时空生态位比较

猪獾(Arctonyx collaris)与花面狸(Paguma larvata)是浙江遂昌山地小型食肉兽中的优势物种,具有相似的食性和环境选择。为探明同域分布的猪獾与花面狸的共存机制,于2020年6月至2022年6月,在浙江省遂昌县5个样区(白马山、千佛山、九龙山、牛头山和湖山)进行红外相机监测,选取相机布设位点71个,布设123台红外相机,总有效工作日19654个,独立有效事件2184次,使用物种分布模型和日活动节律模型对该地区的猪獾与花面狸的时空生态位进行分析。结果表明:(1)两者为当地中级捕食者中的优势物种,但猪獾(RAI=9.26)的相对多度指数高于花面狸(RAI=3.96);(2)两者对于生境选择具有较高相似性,空间生态位上的重叠系数为:D=0.783,I=0.960;(3)两者昼夜活动差异极显著(P<0.01),猪獾昼夜均有活动,花面狸主要在夜间活动。猪獾与花面狸在空间生态位上存在较大程度重叠,但在时间生态位上存在较大程度分化,表明两者之间倾向于通过反应性策略共存。本研究结果初步揭示了猪獾与花面狸的时空生态位特征与共存机制,为深入理解同域中级捕食者种间关系及区域内生物多样性的保护提供实例和理论参考。

野化放归丹顶鹤活动节律、家域特征和栖息地选择

了解野放丹顶鹤的运动模式、家域和栖息地选择的时间节律特征对丹顶鹤种群保护和栖息地管理尤为重要。基于GPS-GSM跟踪数据,综合运用3S技术、动态布朗桥模型、栖息地选择指数,研究了盐城海滨湿地野放丹顶鹤在不同生活周期的活动节律、家域的面积和重叠指数,以及栖息地选择。结果表明:(1)丹顶鹤日活动节律具有明显的周期性特征。丹顶鹤活动强度:育成期>越冬期>孵化期>育雏期,孵化期和育雏期日间活动强度平稳,育成期和越冬期呈“双峰”模式。(2)丹顶鹤95%家域面积均值介于(111.18±22.15)hm^(2)-(621.28±105.77)hm^(2),育成期((621.28±105.77)hm^(2))>育雏期((226.83±54.86)hm^(2))>孵化期((112.40±7.72)hm^(2))>越冬期((111.18±22.15)hm^(2));核心家域面积均值介于(0.53±0.26)-(45.78±6.66)hm^(2),育成期((45.78±6.66)hm^(2))>育雏期((12.73±3.67)hm^(2))>越冬期((5.18±1.59)hm^(2))>孵化期((0.53±0.26)hm^(2))。不同生活周期家域重叠值为31.08%-46.84%,不同年份重叠值为29.20%-76.21%。(3)家域尺度内,栖息地选择率具有周期性差异。孵化期选择中高覆盖度芦苇生境;育雏期选择水塘生境、中高覆盖度生境以及距水塘潮沟100 m以内生境;育成期选择水塘生境、低和中低覆盖度生境以及距离水塘0-100 m生境;越冬期选择水塘生境、中高覆盖度生境以及距水塘0-100 m生境。研究可为丹顶鹤种群保护和栖息地管理提供科学依据。

基于红外相机技术的白鹇日活动节律分化研究 ——以都庞岭和大围山种群为例

种群行为分化是物种适应环境的基础,而同一物种不同地理种群活动节律的分化是体现其生态适应的重要内容。不同地理种群活动节律的分化是由生态条件和种间竞争等因素引起的,研究不同地理种群物种活动节律的分化,有助于对种群的动态管理和保护。为研究同一物种在不同分布区域的年周期行为节律,通过提取2017年10月至2018年9月在湖南都庞岭国家级自然保护区和湖南浏阳大围山省级自然保护区分别布设的60台红外相机中监测到的白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)种群数据,利用核密度估计方法(kernel Density Estimation)和雅各布斯选择指数(Jacobs Selection Index,JSI)对白鹇的日活动节律和日活动时间选择进行了构建与比对,同时采用皮尔逊相关系数(Pearson correlation coefficient)及T检验(T-Test)分析了两个异域分布的白鹇种群活动节律的分化趋势。结果表明:都庞岭分布的白鹇在全年和冷季的日活动节律为单峰模式,暖季为双峰模式;大围山分布的白鹇在全年的日活动节律为连续多峰模式,冷季和暖季为单峰模式。在活动时段的选择上,都庞岭分布的白鹇在全年和暖季更偏好在上午(JSI=0.479,JSI=0.461)活动,冷季更喜欢在中午(JSI=0.593)活动,全年和不同季节对日落(-0.41<JSI<0)为消极选择;而大围山分布的白鹇在全年和冷季偏好在下午(JSI=0.454,JSI=0.673)活动最多,暖季在上午(JSI=0.423)活动最多,同时对日落为正向选择(JSI=0.082)。依据活动时间重叠系数,都庞岭和大围山分布的白鹇在暖季的活动时间重叠系数最高(Dhat=0.92);依据活动频次相关性分析,2个地理种群在暖季的活动频次分化程度最高(Cor=-0.92,P<0.01)。综合分析表明,气候适应,回避人为干扰,同域竞争者和捕食者压力等因素可能是引起白鹇不同地理种群的日活动节律分化的原因。本研究结果可为雉类日活动行为分化研究提供经验线索,并为白鹇种群有效管理与栖息地保护提供理论支撑。