Extensive historical data of a sewage treatment works are required by numerical models in order to simulate the biological processes accurately. However, the data are recorded mostly for daily operational purpose. The...Extensive historical data of a sewage treatment works are required by numerical models in order to simulate the biological processes accurately. However, the data are recorded mostly for daily operational purpose. They are basically not comprehensive enough to meet the modelling’s requirements. A comprehensive sampling protocol to accurately characterise the influent is required in order to determine all model components, which is very time-consuming and expensive. In a project of evaluating a sewage treatment works in Chongqing by using BioWin 4.1 for mathematical modelling, sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the most critical parameters for process monitoring. It was found that influent characteristics, wasted sludge flow rate, water temperatures, DO levels of the biological tanks and five bio-kinetic parameters were the most influential parameters governing the plant performance. Therefore, apart from monitoring the effluent quality, regular checking of the afore-mentioned influential parameters can help examine the performance of a sewage treatment works. Moreover, operators of the sewage treatment works can conduct “what-if” analysis to determine how these most influential parameters can be adjusted to improve the treatment performance of the sewage treatment works.展开更多
Two identical full-scale biogas-lift reactors treating brewery wastewater were inoculated with different types of sludge to compare their operational conditions, sludge characteristics, and kinetic models at a mesophi...Two identical full-scale biogas-lift reactors treating brewery wastewater were inoculated with different types of sludge to compare their operational conditions, sludge characteristics, and kinetic models at a mesophilic temperature. One reactor （R1） started up with anaerobic granular sludge in 12 weeks and obtained a continuously average organic loading rate （OLR） of 7.4 kg chemical oxygen demand （COD）/（m3.day）, COD removal efficiency of 80%, and effluent COD of 450 mg/L. The other reactor （R2） started up with residual activated sludge in 30 weeks and granulation accomplished when the reactor reached an average OLR of 8.3 kg COD/（m^3·day）, COD removal efficiency of 90%, and effluent COD of 240 mg/L. Differences in sludge characteristics,biogas compositions, and biogas- lift processes may be accounted for the superior efficiency of the treatment performance of R2 over R1. Grau second-order and modified StoverKincannon models based on influent and effluent concentrations as well as hydraulic retention time were successfully used to develop kinetic parameters of the experimental data with high correlation coefficients （R2 〉 0.95）, which further showed that R2 had higher treatment performance than R1. These results demonstrated that residual activated sludge could be used effectively instead of anaerobic granular sludge despite the need for a longer time.展开更多
药品及个人护理用品(pharmaceutical and personal care products,PPCPs)在污水中广泛检出,低浓度的PPCPs即可对生态环境和人体健康产生不利影响,污水处理厂出水排放是水环境PPCPs的重要源。活性污泥和生物膜工艺是目前最常用的污水生...药品及个人护理用品(pharmaceutical and personal care products,PPCPs)在污水中广泛检出,低浓度的PPCPs即可对生态环境和人体健康产生不利影响,污水处理厂出水排放是水环境PPCPs的重要源。活性污泥和生物膜工艺是目前最常用的污水生物处理工艺,这两种工艺涉及的生化过程复杂,影响因素众多,难以有效去除PPCPs。数学模型是污水处理工艺运行优化的重要工具。本文系统阐述了PPCPs去除模型的建立方法,包括物质和微生物组分及PPCPs去除过程的确定、动力学方程及关键系数的测定与校准、活性污泥和生物膜模型的异同等;综述了污水中PPCPs去除模型的应用研究进展,包括用于评价不同微生物对PPCPs的降解性能、探究污水中PPCPs的生物降解机制及限制因素、优化影响PPCPs去除的参数等,为精准调控污水中PPCPs去除提供参考。展开更多
文摘Extensive historical data of a sewage treatment works are required by numerical models in order to simulate the biological processes accurately. However, the data are recorded mostly for daily operational purpose. They are basically not comprehensive enough to meet the modelling’s requirements. A comprehensive sampling protocol to accurately characterise the influent is required in order to determine all model components, which is very time-consuming and expensive. In a project of evaluating a sewage treatment works in Chongqing by using BioWin 4.1 for mathematical modelling, sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the most critical parameters for process monitoring. It was found that influent characteristics, wasted sludge flow rate, water temperatures, DO levels of the biological tanks and five bio-kinetic parameters were the most influential parameters governing the plant performance. Therefore, apart from monitoring the effluent quality, regular checking of the afore-mentioned influential parameters can help examine the performance of a sewage treatment works. Moreover, operators of the sewage treatment works can conduct “what-if” analysis to determine how these most influential parameters can be adjusted to improve the treatment performance of the sewage treatment works.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.NSFC20976069)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China (No.JUSRP111A12)+1 种基金the Higher School Science and Technology Innovation Project of Cultivating the Capital Project,China (No.708048)the Selfdetermined Research Program of Jiangnan University (No.JUSRP11006)
文摘Two identical full-scale biogas-lift reactors treating brewery wastewater were inoculated with different types of sludge to compare their operational conditions, sludge characteristics, and kinetic models at a mesophilic temperature. One reactor （R1） started up with anaerobic granular sludge in 12 weeks and obtained a continuously average organic loading rate （OLR） of 7.4 kg chemical oxygen demand （COD）/（m3.day）, COD removal efficiency of 80%, and effluent COD of 450 mg/L. The other reactor （R2） started up with residual activated sludge in 30 weeks and granulation accomplished when the reactor reached an average OLR of 8.3 kg COD/（m^3·day）, COD removal efficiency of 90%, and effluent COD of 240 mg/L. Differences in sludge characteristics,biogas compositions, and biogas- lift processes may be accounted for the superior efficiency of the treatment performance of R2 over R1. Grau second-order and modified StoverKincannon models based on influent and effluent concentrations as well as hydraulic retention time were successfully used to develop kinetic parameters of the experimental data with high correlation coefficients （R2 〉 0.95）, which further showed that R2 had higher treatment performance than R1. These results demonstrated that residual activated sludge could be used effectively instead of anaerobic granular sludge despite the need for a longer time.
文摘药品及个人护理用品(pharmaceutical and personal care products,PPCPs)在污水中广泛检出,低浓度的PPCPs即可对生态环境和人体健康产生不利影响,污水处理厂出水排放是水环境PPCPs的重要源。活性污泥和生物膜工艺是目前最常用的污水生物处理工艺,这两种工艺涉及的生化过程复杂,影响因素众多,难以有效去除PPCPs。数学模型是污水处理工艺运行优化的重要工具。本文系统阐述了PPCPs去除模型的建立方法,包括物质和微生物组分及PPCPs去除过程的确定、动力学方程及关键系数的测定与校准、活性污泥和生物膜模型的异同等;综述了污水中PPCPs去除模型的应用研究进展,包括用于评价不同微生物对PPCPs的降解性能、探究污水中PPCPs的生物降解机制及限制因素、优化影响PPCPs去除的参数等,为精准调控污水中PPCPs去除提供参考。
