观察电针健康受试者不同经穴对Resting-state fMRI脑功能连接的影响

目的:观察比较电针心经穴与心包经穴时激活脑区的功能连接变化差异,为临床运用针刺心经、心包经穴治疗相关疾病提供实验依据。方法:将符合纳入标准的29例健康受试者随机分为电针心经穴组14例和电针心包经穴组15例,以双侧后扣带回为种子点,采用功能连接作为观察指标,分析两组电针刺激状态下脑功能连接的差异。结果:两组电针前静息状态下的脑功能连接比较未发现存在明显差异的脑区。电针心经穴与心包经穴时脑内功能网络均发生改变,前者出现功能连接增强的区域为右侧额下回、左侧颞下回、右侧顶下小叶、右侧海马旁回,新激活脑区为双侧中央后回、左侧中央前回、右侧楔前叶、左侧角回、左侧枕下回、左侧脑岛(P<0.05);后者出现功能连接增强的区域为右侧顶上小叶,新激活脑区为左侧小脑舌、左侧顶叶楔前叶、右侧枕下回、左侧豆状核、右侧脑岛(P<0.05)。结论:(1)大脑在无任务的安静、清醒状态下存在一定的功能活动。(2)电针心经、心包经穴广泛激活的脑区主要与精神、神志、智力等密切相关,为临床上选用二者治疗与上述脑区相关的精神、神志类疾病提供了重要的客观依据。电针心经激活的中央前回为皮质运动前区,与对侧肢体运动功能密切相关,它的激活为临床上治疗中风肢体功能障碍选用手少阴心经穴提供了佐证。两组均激活的脑岛与心血管的功能关系密切,为临床上选用心经、心包经穴治疗心血管病提供了部分影像学依据。两条经脉的主治有交叉性,均可用于治疗心脑相关疾病,同时又各有偏颇,心包经多用于治疗与心相关疾病,而心经更多用于治疗精神神志类疾病。

Numerical study of resting-state fMRI based on kernel ICA

In order to facilitate the extraction of the default mode network（DMN）, reduce the data complexity of the functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI）and overcome the restriction of the linearity of the mixing process encountered with the independent component analysis（ICA）, a framework of dimensionality reduction and nonlinear transformation is proposed. First, the principal component analysis（PCA）is applied to reduce the time dimension 153 594×128 of the fMRI data to 153 594×5 for simplifying complexity computation and obtaining 95% of the information. Secondly, a new kernel-based nonlinear ICA method referred as the kernel ICA（KICA）based on the Gaussian kernel is introduced to analyze the resting-state fMRI data and extract the DMN. Experimental results show that the KICA provides a better performance for the resting-state fMRI data analysis compared with the classical ICA. Furthermore, the DMN is accurately extracted and the noise is reduced.

Modulatory effect of International standard Scalp Acupuncture on brain activation in the elderly as revealed by resting-state fMRI

The specific mechanisms by which acupuncture affects the central nervous system are unclear. In the International Standard Scalp Acupuncture system, acupuncture needles are applied at the middle line of the vertex, anterior parietal-temporal oblique line, and the posterior parietal-temporal oblique line. We conducted a single-arm prospective clinical trial in which seven healthy elderly volunteers (three men and four women;50–70 years old) received International Standard Scalp Acupuncture at MS5 (the mid-sagittal line between Baihui (DU20) and Qianding (DU21)), the left MS6 (line joining Sishencong (EX-HN1) and Xuanli (GB6)), and the left MS7 (line joining DU20 and Qubin (GB7)). After acupuncture, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated changes in the fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations and regional homogeneity in various areas, showing remarkable enhancement of regional homogeneity in the bilateral anterior cingulate, left medial frontal gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus. Functional connectivity based on a seed region at the right middle frontal gyrus (42, 51, 9) decreased at the bilateral medial superior frontal gyrus. Our data preliminarily indicates that the international standard scalp acupuncture in healthy elderly participants specifcally enhances the correlation between the brain regions involved in cognition and implementation of the brain network regulation system and the surrounding adjacent brain regions. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the China-Japan Union Hospital at Jilin University, China, on July 18, 2016 (approval No. 2016ks043).

Altered regional brain activity and functional connectivity in primary intravaginal anejaculation patients revealed by resting-state fMRI

Ejaculation is regulated by the central nervous system.However,the central pathophysiology of primary intravaginal anejaculation(PIAJ)is unclear.The present study aimed to examine the changes in regional brain activity and functional connectivity underlying PIAJ.A total of 20 PIAJ patients and 16 healthy controls(HCs)were enrolled from September 2020 to September 2022 in the Department of Andrology,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital(Nanjing,China).Magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired from all participants and then were preprocessed.The measures of fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(fALFF),regional homogeneity(ReHo),and functional connectivity(FC)were calculated and compared between the groups.PIAJ patients showed increased fALFF values in the left precuneus compared with HCs.Additionally,PIAJ patients showed increased ReHo values in the left precuneus,left postcentral gyrus,left superior occipital gyrus,left calcarine fissure,right precuneus,and right middle temporal gyrus,and decreased ReHo values in the left inferior parietal gyrus,compared with HCs.Finally,brain regions with altered fALFF and ReHo values in PIAJ patients showed increased FC with widespread cortical regions,which included the frontal,parietal,temporal,and occipital regions,compared with HCs.In conclusion,increased regional brain activity in the parietal,temporal,and occipital regions,and increased FC between these brain regions,may be associated with PIAJ occurrence.

Vulnerable brain regions in adolescent major depressive disorder:A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Adolescent major depressive disorder(MDD)is a significant mental health concern that often leads to recurrent depression in adulthood.Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)offers unique insights into the neural mechanisms underlying this condition.However,despite previous research,the specific vulnerable brain regions affected in adolescent MDD patients have not been fully elucidated.AIM To identify consistent vulnerable brain regions in adolescent MDD patients using rs-fMRI and activation likelihood estimation(ALE)meta-analysis.METHODS We performed a comprehensive literature search through July 12,2023,for studies investigating brain functional changes in adolescent MDD patients.We utilized regional homogeneity(ReHo),amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations(ALFF)and fractional ALFF(fALFF)analyses.We compared the regions of aberrant spontaneous neural activity in adolescents with MDD vs healthy controls(HCs)using ALE.RESULTS Ten studies(369 adolescent MDD patients and 313 HCs)were included.Combining the ReHo and ALFF/fALFF data,the results revealed that the activity in the right cuneus and left precuneus was lower in the adolescent MDD patients than in the HCs(voxel size:648 mm3,P<0.05),and no brain region exhibited increased activity.Based on the ALFF data,we found decreased activity in the right cuneus and left precuneus in adolescent MDD patients(voxel size:736 mm3,P<0.05),with no regions exhibiting increased activity.CONCLUSION Through ALE meta-analysis,we consistently identified the right cuneus and left precuneus as vulnerable brain regions in adolescent MDD patients,increasing our understanding of the neuropathology of affected adolescents.

Resting-state brain network remodeling after different nerve reconstruction surgeries:a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in brachial plexus injury rats

Distinct brain remodeling has been found after different nerve reconstruction strategies,including motor representation of the affected limb.However,differences among reconstruction strategies at the brain network level have not been elucidated.This study aimed to explore intranetwork changes related to altered peripheral neural pathways after different nerve reconstruction surgeries,including nerve repair,endto-end nerve transfer,and end-to-side nerve transfer.Sprague–Dawley rats underwent complete left brachial plexus transection and were divided into four equal groups of eight:no nerve repair,grafted nerve repair,phrenic nerve end-to-end transfer,and end-to-side transfer with a graft sutured to the anterior upper trunk.Resting-state brain functional magnetic resonance imaging was obtained 7 months after surgery.The independent component analysis algorithm was utilized to identify group-level network components of interest and extract resting-state functional connectivity values of each voxel within the component.Alterations in intra-network resting-state functional connectivity were compared among the groups.Target muscle reinnervation was assessed by behavioral observation(elbow flexion)and electromyography.The results showed that alterations in the sensorimotor and interoception networks were mostly related to changes in the peripheral neural pathway.Nerve repair was related to enhanced connectivity within the sensorimotor network,while end-to-side nerve transfer might be more beneficial for restoring control over the affected limb by the original motor representation.The thalamic-cortical pathway was enhanced within the interoception network after nerve repair and end-to-end nerve transfer.Brain areas related to cognition and emotion were enhanced after end-to-side nerve transfer.Our study revealed important brain networks related to different nerve reconstructions.These networks may be potential targets for enhancing motor recovery.

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and support vector machines for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder in adolescents

BACKGROUND Research has found that the amygdala plays a significant role in underlying pathology of major depressive disorder(MDD).However,few studies have explored machine learning-assisted diagnostic biomarkers based on amygdala functional connectivity(FC).AIM To investigate the analysis of neuroimaging biomarkers as a streamlined approach for the diagnosis of MDD in adolescents.METHODS Forty-four adolescents diagnosed with MDD and 43 healthy controls were enrolled in the study.Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging,the FC was compared between the adolescents with MDD and the healthy controls,with the bilateral amygdala serving as the seed point,followed by statistical analysis of the results.The support vector machine(SVM)method was then applied to classify functional connections in various brain regions and to evaluate the neurophysiological characteristics associated with MDD.RESULTS Compared to the controls and using the bilateral amygdala as the region of interest,patients with MDD showed significantly lower FC values in the left inferior temporal gyrus,bilateral calcarine,right lingual gyrus,and left superior occipital gyrus.However,there was an increase in the FC value in Vermis-10.The SVM analysis revealed that the reduction in the FC value in the right lingual gyrus could effectively differentiate patients with MDD from healthy controls,achieving a diagnostic accuracy of 83.91%,sensitivity of 79.55%,specificity of 88.37%,and an area under the curve of 67.65%.CONCLUSION The results showed that an abnormal FC value in the right lingual gyrus was effective as a neuroimaging biomarker to distinguish patients with MDD from healthy controls.

Resting-state fMRI studies in epilepsy

Epilepsy is a disease characterized by abnormal spontaneous activity in the brain.Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging（RS-fMRI） is a powerful technique for exploring this activity.With good spatial and temporal resolution,RS-fMRI is a promising approach for accurate localization of the focus of seizure activity.Although simultaneous electroencephalogram-fMRI has been performed with patients in the resting state,most studies focused on activation.This mini-review focuses on RS-fMRI alone,including its computational methods and its application to epilepsy.

Regional homogeneity abnormalities in patients with tensiontype headache:a resting-state fMRI study

Tension-type headache（TTH） is the most prevalent type of primary headache. Many studies have shown that the pathogenesis of primary headache is associated with fine structural or functional changes. However, these studies were mainly based on migraine. The present study aimed to investigate whether TTH patients show functional disturbances compared with healthy subjects. We used restingstate functional magnetic resonance imaging（f MRI） and regional homogeneity（Re Ho） analysis to identify changes in the local synchronization of spontaneous activity in patients with TTH. Ten patients with TTH and 10 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls participated in the study. After demographic and clinical characteristics were acquired, a 3.0-T MRI system was used to obtain restingstate f MRIs. Compared with healthy controls, the TTH group exhibited significantly lower Re Ho values in the bilateral caudate nucleus, the precuneus, the putamen, the left middle frontal gyrus, and the superior frontal gyrus. There was no correlation between mean Re Ho values in TTH patients and duration of TTH, number of attacks, duration of daily attacks, Visual Analogue Scale score, or Headache Impact Test-6 score. These results suggest that TTHpatients exhibit reduced synchronization of neuronal activity in multiple regions involved in the integration and processing of pain signals.

Cerebral regional and network characteristics in asthma patients: a resting-state fMRI study

Asthma is a serious health problem that involves not only the respiratory system but also the central nervous system.Previous studies identified either regional or network alterations in patients with asthma,but inconsistent results were obtained.A key question remains unclear:are the regional and neural network deficits related or are they two independent characteristics in asthma?Answering this question is the aim of this study.By collecting resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging from 39 patients with asthma and 40 matched health controls,brain functional measures including regional activity(amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations)and neural network function(degree centrality(DC)and functional connectivity)were calculated to systematically characterize the functional alterations.Patients exhibited regional abnormities in the left angular gyrus,right precuneus,and inferior temporal gyrus within the default mode network.Network abnormalities involved both the sensorimotor network and visual network with key regions including the superior frontal gyrus and occipital lobes.Altered DC in the lingual gyrus was correlated with the degree of airway obstruction.This study elucidated different patterns of regional and network changes,thereby suggesting that the two parameters reflect different brain characteristics of asthma.These findings provide evidence for further understanding the potential cerebral alterations in the pathophysiology of asthma.

基于fMRI探讨针刺治疗卒中后运动障碍的研究进展

脑卒中具有高发病率、高致残率的特点,运动功能障碍作为脑卒中患者的常见伴随症状,严重影响了患者的生活质量。本研究利用功能磁共振成像(fMRI)这种具有极高空间分辨率的评估手段,结合局部与全局的fMRI研究方法,综述近年来国内外相关研究进展,探讨卒中后运动障碍的脑功能变化,并对针刺促进卒中后运动障碍康复的中枢机制进行探索,以期为针刺治疗卒中后运动障碍提供理论依据。

The pyramid representation of the functional network using resting-state fMRI

Background Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(RS-fMRI)has been proved to be a useful tool to study the brain mechanism in the quest to probe the distinct pattern of inter-region interactions in the brain.As an important application of RSfMRI,the graph-based approach characterizes the brain as a complex network.However,the network is susceptible to its scale that determines the trade-off between sensitivity and anatomical variability.Objective To balance sensitivity and anatomical variability,a pyramid representation of the functional network is proposed,which is composed of five individual networks reconstructed at multiple scales.Methods The pyramid representation of the functional network was applied to two groups of participants,including patients with Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and normal elderly(NC)individuals,as a demonstration.Features were extracted from the multi-scale networks andwere evaluated with their inter-group differences between AD andNC,aswell as the discriminative power in recognizing AD.Moreover,the proposed method was also validated by another dataset from people with autism.Results The different features reflect the highest sensitivity to distinguish AD at different scales.In addition,the combined features have higher accuracy than any single scale-based feature.These findings highlight the potential use ofmulti-scale features asmarkers of the disrupted topological organization in AD networks.Conclusion We believe that multi-scale metrics could provide a more comprehensive characterization of the functional network and thus provide a promising solution for representing the underlying functional mechanism in the human brain on a multi-scale basis.

原发性失眠患者奖赏网络关键核团在静息态fMRI功能连接的改变

目的:利用功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)技术观察原发性患者奖赏网络区域中脑腹侧被盖(Ventral ttegmental area,VTA)以及伏隔核(Nucleus accumbens,NAcc)脑功能连接的改变。方法:28例原发性失眠比较26例健康对照组脑功能成像的改变,并分析中脑腹侧被盖以及伏隔核功能连接的改变与失眠的情绪障碍障碍之间的关系。结果:比较原发性失眠患者对比健康对照组,VTA与NAcc全脑的功能连接均降低,与VTA-l功能连接增降低的脑区为双侧前扣带回、左侧眶额回,与VTA-r功能连接增降低的脑区为双侧前扣带回、左侧眶额回、右侧中央前回,与NAcc-l功能连接降低的脑区为双侧丘脑、辅助运动区,与NAcc-r功能连接降低的脑区为双侧丘脑、小脑。结论:睡眠障碍会显著降低奖赏网络中VTA与NAcc的功能连接,说明长期睡眠障碍可能影响在原发性失眠患者奖赏处理能力,导致失眠患者情感功能发生障碍。

基于模式识别的高水平运动员RS-fMRI数据分类研究

为弥补传统的广义线性模型(generalized linear model,GLM)方法的不足,并探索模式识别在运动脑科学当中的应用价值。使用支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)模式识别算法,以低频振幅(fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations,fALFF)、局部一致性(regional homogeneity,ReHo)和度中心度(degree centrality,DC)作为学习特征,对射击运动组和滑冰运动组(分类1)、射击运动组和对照组(分类2)以及速滑运动组和对照组(分类3)之间进行二分类,并计算每一个脑区在分类算法当中的权重。使用留一交叉验证法计算分类正确率,使用总的准确率、接受者操作特性曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)、以及预测准确率来衡量机器分类算法的优劣性。结果表明:分类1中SVM算法的正确率较高且分类效果更稳定,总的准确率(total accuracy,tACC)可以维持在96.67%以上,曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)均为1,说明SVM算法对区分不同项目运动员脑静息态功能特征时更有优势;在分类2和分类3中,SVM算法效果取决于使用的指标。其中,使用fALFF或者综合使用三个静息态指标的分类效果较稳定(tACC均在80%以上,AUC均在0.88以上);小脑在分类1算法中占较多的权重,提示不同运动项目运动员的脑功能活动之间差异最明显的部位主要在小脑上。而分类2和3中,除了小脑,还有一些与运动执行和控制及其他功能活动相关的脑区参与了算法的构成。通过SVM分类算法的应用获得较为理想的结果,展示了模式识别方法在运动科学领域的应用价值。研究成果有助于体育科学研究者从新的角度更加全面地理解运动与脑的关系。

经颅直流电刺激改善传导性失语复述能力的fMRI研究

目的:采用静息态功能磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)技术评估经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)改善传导性失语患者复述功能的价值并探究其机制。方法:选取16例传导性失语患者(病例组)及18例健康受试者(对照组)为研究对象,对其rs-fMRI检查的静息态数据进行局部区域一致性分析(ReHo),得到病例组ReHo信号减低脑区,并选择左侧Wernicke区作为感兴趣区,比较病例组tDCS治疗前、后汉语失语症心理语言评价(PACA)复述测验、ReHo及功能连接(FC)的变化;比较病例组(治疗前)与对照组ReHo及FC的差异。结果:病例组较对照组ReHo值增高脑区为右侧中央后回,减低脑区为左侧颞上回、后扣带回及楔前叶;与Wernicke区呈正相关的脑区为左侧顶下缘角回,右侧中央盖、颞上回、中央前、后回,呈负相关的脑区为右侧直回、额中回、顶下缘角回,左侧前扣带回和旁扣带回、背外侧额上回。tDCS治疗后,患者复述能力明显提高(t=10.30,P<0.01);ReHo值增高脑区为左侧内侧额上回及右侧角回,未发现明显减低脑区;与Wernicke区呈正相关的脑区为左侧杏仁核、楔前叶、中央后回及眶部额中回,右侧后扣带回、颞上回;呈负相关的脑区为右侧额下回三角部。结论:tDCS刺激左侧Wernicke区可有效改善传导性失语患者复述功能,其机制可能与左侧Wernicke区FC模式的转变有关,同时受损功能脑区神经元活性的增高可能对语言的恢复起一定的代偿作用。

运动特征对抽象动词具身表征的影响:来自fMRI及EMG的证据

本研究将学习−测试范式与功能磁共振成像技术(fMRI)以及肌电图技术(EMG)相结合,探讨了运动特征与抽象动词具身表征之间的因果联系,旨在证明词语的运动特征可能是以往研究结果不一致的关键因素,为抽象概念表征的具身认知观点提供支持证据。任务态功能磁共振成像研究(实验1)发现,运动特征增加后,新造词在后测加工中引发的运动相关脑区(如左侧中央前回)的活动强度显著高于前测中的;且运动相关脑区(右侧中央前后回、左侧中央前回等)在新造抽象动词加工中的参与度受到词语运动特征值的调节。肌电图研究(实验2)发现,运动特征增加后的新造词加工也引发了手臂指伸肌肌电活动的增强。这表明,词语的运动特征在抽象动词具身表征中发挥因果性作用,运动特征对中枢运动系统的影响能够延伸至外周肌肉运动系统。结果为具身认知语言理解观提供了新的证据及重要完善和补充。

Dopamine D4 Receptor Gene Associated with the Frontal-Striatal-Cerebellar Loop in Children with ADHD: A Resting-State fMRI Study

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）is a common childhood neuropsychiatric disorder that has been linked to the dopaminergic system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of regulation of the dopamine D4 receptor（DRD4） on functional brain activity during the resting state in ADHD children using the methods of regional homogeneity（Re Ho） and functional connectivity（FC）. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were analyzed in 49 children with ADHD. All participants were classified as either carriers of the DRD44-repeat/4-repeat（4 R/4 R） allele（n = 30） or the DRD42-repeat（2 R） allele（n = 19）. The results showed that participants with the DRD4 2 R allele had decreased Re Ho bilaterally in the posterior lobes of the cerebellum, while Re Ho was increased in the left angular gyrus. Compared with participants carrying the DRD4 4 R/4 R allele, those with the DRD4 2 R allele showed decreased FC to the left angular gyrus in the left striatum, right inferior frontal gyrus, and bilateral lobes of the cerebellum. The increased FC regions included the left superior frontal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, and rectus gyrus. These data suggest that the DRD4 polymorphisms are associated with localized brain activity and specific functional connections, including abnormality in the frontal-striatal-cerebellar loop. Our study not only enhances the understanding of the correlation between the cerebellar lobes and ADHD, but also provides an imaging basis for explaining the neural mechanisms underlying ADHD in children.

Brain functional connectivity network studies of acupuncture： a systematic review on resting-state fMRI

Background： Functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） is a novel method for studying the changes of brain networks due to acupuncture treatment. In recent years, more and more studies have focused on the brain functional connectivity network of acupuncture stimulation. Objective： To offer an overview of the different influences of acupuncture on the brain functional connec- tivity network from studies using resting-state fMRI. Search strategy： The authors performed a systematic search according to PRISMA guidelines, The database PubMed was searched from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2016 with restriction to human studies in English language. Inclusion criteria： Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed using the keywords ＂acupuncture＂ and ＂neuroimaging＂ or ＂resting-state fMRI＂ or ＂functional connectivity＂, Data extraction and analysis： Selection of included articles, data extraction and methodological quality assessments were respectively conducted by two review authors. Results： Forty-four resting-state fMRI studies were included in this systematic review according to inclu- sion criteria. Thirteen studies applied manual acupuncture vs. sham, four studies applied electro- acupuncture vs. sham, two studies also compared transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation vs. sham, and nine applied sham acupoint as control. Nineteen studies with a total number of 574 healthy subjects selected to perform fMRI only considered healthy adult volunteers. The brain functional connec- tivity of the patients had varying degrees of change. Compared with sham acupuncture, verum acupunc- ture could increase default mode network and sensorimotor network connectivity with pain-, affective- and memory-related brain areas. It has significantly greater connectivity of genuine acupuncture between the periaqueductal gray, anterior cingulate cortex, left posterior cingulate cortex, right anterior insula, limbic/paralimbic and precuneus compared with sham acupuncture. Some research had also shown that acupuncture could adjust the limbic-paralimbic-neocortical network, brainstem, cerebellum, subcortical and hippocampus brain areas. Conclusion： It can be presumed that the functional connectivity network is closely related to the mech- anism of acupuncture, and central integration plays a critical role in the acupuncture mechanism.

基于fMRI低频振幅比率分析调神法针刺治疗早醒型失眠的中枢机制研究

目的:基于静息态功能磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)研究调神法针刺治疗早醒型失眠的潜在中枢机制。方法:将48例早醒型失眠患者随机分为调神法针刺组(24例,脱落1例)和非穴位浅刺组(24例,脱落1例,剔除1例)。调神法针刺组予针刺百会、神庭、四神聪、本神、神门、内关和三阴交;非穴位浅刺组予非效穴旁开1寸浅刺治疗,非效穴取臂臑、手三里、阳池、外关、风市、伏兔和梁丘;两组均治疗4周,每周3次,比较两组患者针刺前后匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)及早醒评分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)评分及早醒评分和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分,治疗前后进行rs-fMRI数据采集。观察两组患者针刺前后低频振幅比率(fALFF)的变化,fALFF值与量表进行相关性分析。结果:治疗后,调神法针刺组PSQI评分、PSQI早醒评分、HAMD评分、HAMD早醒评分和HAMA评分均较治疗前显著降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),且量表评分均显著低于非穴位浅刺组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。非穴位浅刺组HAMA评分较治疗前显著降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗后调神法针刺组较非穴位浅刺组fALFF值在左侧背外侧额上回(SFGd)升高、左侧小脑4_5区(CER4_5)降低,差异具有统计学意义(均GRF校正,体素水平P<0.01,团块水平P<0.01,双尾),左SFGd的fALFF值与PSQI评分(r=0.386)、PSQI早醒评分(r=0.330)和HAMD评分(r=0.358)呈显著正相关,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),左CER4_5的fALFF值与PSQI评分(r=0.374)、HAMD评分(r=0.483)呈显著负相关,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:调神法针刺可能通过调节早醒型失眠患者的局部脑功能强度,从而有效改善睡眠质量和早醒症状,缓解焦虑、抑郁情绪。

A review of resting-state fMRI and its use to examine psychiatric disorders

Resting-state fMRI(rs-fMRI)has emerged as an alternative method to study brain function in human and animal models.In humans,it has been widely used to study psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia,bipolar disorder,autism spectrum disorders,and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders.In this review,rs-fMRI and its advantages over task based fMRI,its currently used analysis methods,and its application in psychiatric disorders using different analysis methods are discussed.Finally,several limitations and challenges of rs-fMRI applications are also discussed.