Level of lipid peroxides and cuprozinc superoxide dismutase in gastric mucosa and serum of gastrectomized patients

The level of lipid peroxides (LPO) and copper-zinc containing superoxide dismutase (SOD-Ⅰ) in the gastric mucosa and serum was determined in 141 samples from 25 patients after con-ventional subtotal gastrectomy (11 cases of Billroth Ⅰ and 14 cases of Billroth Ⅱ) and 11 patientsafter pylorus and antroseromuscular flap preserving gastrectomy (PAFPG).Those of 11 normal subjects were examined likewise to serve as control.It was found that:(1) The average LPO levelwas much higher and the average SOD-Ⅰ level much lower in the gastric mucosa of the patientsafter conventional subtotal gastrectomy especially the Billroth Ⅱ type than in that of those afterPAFPG.(2) In 36 specimens of stump mucosa,the average LPO level was significantly higher inthe tissue around the anastomotic ring than in that of the body of the stump;no marked differ-ence of SOD-Ⅰ level between the 2 was revealed.(3) The LPO value in the stump mucosa waspositively correlated to and the SOD-Ⅰ value negatively correlated to the pH value of gastric juice.These rindings suggest that the reation of oxygen free radicals in the stump mucosa may be influ-enced by the intragastric pH or by the type of digestive continuity reconstruction,and that thereaction of oxygen free radicals especially the lipid peroxidation may play a role in the pathogenesisof the lesions in the anastomotic stoma.

Observation on Clinical Effect of Acupuncture on Superoxide Dismutase,Lipid Peroxide and Nitric Oxide in Vascular Dementia Patients

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of electroacupuncture and acupuncture on superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipid peroxide (LPO) and nitric oxide (NO) in vascular dementia (VaD) patients. Methods: Forty-six cases of VaD were randomly divided into two groups, the electroacupuncture group (EA group) and the acupuncture group (AP group). Assessment of Hasgawa's Dementia Scale (HDS), Functional activities Questionnaire (FAQ) and neurologic deficit scoring (NDS) were determined before and after treatment, and the changes in SOD, LPO and NO levels were observed. Results: After treatment, in the EA group, HDS of patients got elevated, FAQ lowered, SOD increased and LPO and NO decreased. The changes were significant as compared with pretreatment, P <0.01. But these parameters underwent no significant changes in the AP group after treatment. The clinical symptoms were improved in both groups, but the reduction in NDS was not significant. The total effective rate of the EA group was higher than that of the AP group. Conclusion:The immediate effect of electroacupuncture was superior to that of acupuncture, suggesting that electroacupuncture was more effective in promoting the intelligence recovery than acupuncture.

Studies on Free Radical EPR,Superoxide Dismutase Water-soluble Lipidperoxide in Tears

By means of electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR), chemistry luminescence and fluorescent spectroscopy, the free radical, superoxide dismutase and water soluble lipid peroxide in tears of normal eyes(150 eyes, 100 cases), Moorens ulcer(9 eyes), coreal grafts rejection(16 eyes) were studied. The results showed that the spin density of the free radical was 36(±058)×1012 spins/mL tear, the content of the superoxide dismutase(SOD) was 384(±145) ng/mL tear, the opposite fluorescent density of the water soluble lipid peroxide was 12912(±1691) U/mL tear in normal tears. The normal values are 25—48×1012 spins/mL tear for free radical, 239—529 ng/mL tear for SOD, 9598—16225 U/mL tear for water soluble lipid peroxide. There are significant differences in different eyes, different sexes and different ages. The free radical and lipid peroxide are higher obviously in the tears of patients with Moorens ulcer and rejected corneal grafts, compared with those of the normal control subjects(P<001), SOD is lower evidently(P<001). The above fact shows the pathogenic mechanism of Moorens ulcer and keractoplasty rejection is significantly related to toxicities injuring effect of the free radical. These results have provided important experimental data for studying lacrimalogy and new methods for clinical diagnosis and treatrment.

Protection of retina from lipid peroxidation with super'oxide dismutase

Our previous experiments demonstrated the occurrence of retinal lipidperioxidation following vitreous hemorrhage.In the present study,0.2ml ofautologous whole blood was injected into the vitreous of both eyes in rabbits.One eye of each rabbit received an additional injection of 0.2ml of superoxidedismutase (SOD,794 U);the other eye served as a control.The malondialdehyde(MDA) in the retina was assayed with fluorescence spectrophotometry.The resultsshowed that the MDA was significantly lower in eyes injected with SOD (0.047±0.010 nmol/mg) than in control eyes (0.096±0.011 nmol/mg,P【0.05) 10d afterinjection.Ultrastructural examination revealed that the photoreceptor cells of theeyes with SOD injection were relatively normal.It is suggested that SOD can pro-tect the retina from lipid peroxidation.

Impact of dietary oils and fats on lipid peroxidation in liver and blood of albino rats

Objective:To investigate the effects of different dietary fat and oils(differing in their degree of saturation and unsaturation)on lipid peroxidation in liver and blood of rats.Methods:The study was conducted on SO albino rats that were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 animals.The groups were fed on dietary butter(Group I),margarine(Croup II),olive oil(Group III),sunflower oil(Group IV)and com oil(Group V)for 7 weeks.After 12 h of diet removal,livers were excised and blood was collected to measure malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in the supernatant of liver homogenate and in blood.Blood superoxide dismutase activity(SOD),glutathione peroxidase activity(GPx),serum vitamin E and total antioxidant capacity(TAC)levels were also measured to determine the effects of fats and oils on lipid peroxidation.Results:The results indicated that no significant differences were observed in SOD activity,vitamin E and TAC levels between the five groups.However,there was significant decrease of GPx activity in groups IV and V when compared with otlier groups.The results indicated that feeding corn oil caused significant increases in liver and blood MDA levels as compared with other oils and fats.There were positive correlations between SOD and GPx,vitamin E and TAC as well as between GPx and TAC(r:0.743;P<0.001)and between blood MDA and liver MDA(r:0.897;P<0.00l).The results showed also negative correlations between blood MDA on one hand and SOD,GPx,vitamin E and TAC on the other hand.Conclusions:The results demonstrated that feeding oils rich in polyunsaturated fatly acids(PUFA)increases lipid peroxidation significantly and may raise the susceptibility of tissues to free radical oxidative damage.

Dynamic Changes in Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Level in Rat’s Tissues with <i>Macrovipera</i><i>lebetina</i><i>obtusa</i>and <i>Montivipera</i><i>raddei</i>Venom Intoxication

We investigated the balance of free radicals in different tissues (liver, heart, brain and muscle) of rats in course of in vivo and in vitro processing by Macrovipera lebetina obtusa (MLO) and Montivipera raddei (MR) snake venoms. Chemiluminescence (ChL) levels were examined in tissue assays after incubation (at 37 &#176C for a period of 10 min) with venom for in vitro experiments and in tissue assays isolated of 10 min after venom injection for in vivo experiments. The TBA-test was also performed to confirm the free radical expression. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) in isolated tissues were detected by spectro-photometry. During the in vitro processing chemiluminescence levels of tissue homogenates significantly decreased, while in course of in vivo intoxication the level of ChL was elevated in brain and liver;lipid peroxidation also increased in brain tissue, but there was no significant balance change in other tissues;the activity of superoxide dismutase mainly correlated with changes of free radical balance during intoxication. On the contrary, the activity of glutathione peroxidase showed the reverse tendencies to change. We suggest that free radicals and their oxidative stresses may play a role in the early stage of intoxication causing the so-named “spreading-effect”, which is very characteristic for the venom of vipers.

Lipofuscins prepared by modification of photoreceptor cells via glycation or lipid peroxidation show the similar phototoxicity

AIM To investigate the effect of two ways of lipofuscin production(lipid peroxidation and glycation) on lipofuscin fluorescence characteristics and phototoxicity and to compare them with the properties of natural lipofuscin.METHODS Model lipofuscins were prepared on the basis of bovine photoreceptor outer segments(POS) with bisretinoid A2 E addition. One set of samples was prepared from POS modified by lipid peroxidation,while another set from POS modified by glycation with fructose. Fluorescent properties and kinetics of photoinduced superoxide generation of model lipofuscins and human retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) lipofuscin were compared. The fluorescence spectra of samples were measured at 365 nm excitation wavelength and 380-650 emission wavelength. RESULTS The fluorescence spectra of model lipofuscins are almost the same as the spectrum of natural lipofuscin. Visible light irradiation of both model lipofuscins and natural lipofuscin isolated from RPE cells leads to decrease of a fluorescence maximum at 550 nm and to appearance of a distinct,new maximum at 445-460 nm. The rate of photogeneration of reactive oxygen forms by both model lipofuscins was almost the same and approximately two times less than that of RPE lipofuscin granules.CONCLUSION These data suggest that fluorescent characteristics and phototoxicity of lipofuscin granules depend only to an insignificant degree on the oxidative modification of POS proteins and lipids,and generally are defined by the bisretinoid fluorophores contained in them.

EFFECT OF ALCOHOL ON HEPATIC LIPID PEROXIDATION

The present study investigated the change of hepatic lipid peroxidation after ethanol adiministration, the protection of Vit E, and discussion on its toxicological mechanism. The level of lipid peroxidation in mitochondria was risen around 50% and no change of lipid peroxidation in homogenate occurred. However no significant difference of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was observed. Vit E could inhibit the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) but had no antagonistic effect on ethanol action. For above reasons, we concluded that lipid peroxidation did not initiate the cell injury until sequence of cell damage.

Role of Lipid Peroxidation in Bacterial Translocation from the Small Intestine after Thermal Injury in Rats

Oxygen-derived free radicals have bran proved to play a role in the intestinalmucosa damage induced by ischemic reperfusion after burns,but their role in thebacterial translocation from the intestine to other organs is not documented so far.Theauthors intended to investigate this problem on 186rats,which were randomized into 5groups:the normal control group,the group receiving oral Pseudomonas,the group ofsimple burn injury,and the groups of combined oral Pseudomonas and burn injury withor without superoxide dismutase(SOD)treatment.The burn injury was 30% TBSA fullthickness scalding.The oral administered Pseudomonas was labdled with isothiocyanatefor tracing.The animals were killed in the 4th,12th,24th,48th,or 72nd hour afterinjury respectively.The changes of malondialdehyde(MDA)in the ilcal mucosa were ob-served with optical and electron microscope,and bacterial translocation from the intes-tine to the liver and blood stream was traced .The animals with combined injury and simple burns showed a marked increase ofileal mucosal MDA with the peak in the 12th hour accompanied with intense pathologicalchanges in the small intestine;the incidence of bacterial translocation from the intestineto other organs also increased.With SOD treatment,the MDA levd in the ileal mucosawas significantly lower,the pathological changes in the intestinal mucosa were allevia-ted,and the incidence of bacterial translocation from the intestine was lowered with nolabdled Pseudomonas isolated from the blood stream.In this study,it was demonstrated that free radicals are one of the factors ofintestinal mucosal damage and bacterial translocation from the intestine after burns,andSOD could protect the intestinal mucosal barrier from being injured and inhibit thebacterial translocation from the intestine.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF VITAMIN C TO AMELIORATE LIPID PEROXIDATION DAMAGE IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

ＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＳＩＧＮＩＦＩＣＡＮＣＥＯＦＶＩＴＡＭＩＮＣＴＯＡＭＥＬＩＯＲＡＴＥＬＩＰＩＤＰＥＲＯＸＩＤＡＴＩＯＮＤＡＭＡＧＥＩＮＣＯＲＯＮＡＲＹＡＲＴＥＲＹＤＩＳＥＡＳＥＬｕＢａｑｉｎｇ（吕宝经）；ＲｏｎｇＹｅｚｈｉ（荣烨之）；ＺｈｕＸｉａｎｇ...

还原型谷胱甘肽注射液联合高压氧治疗一氧化碳中毒伴心肌损伤的效果及对心肌损伤的保护作用

目的 研究还原型谷胱甘肽注射液联合高压氧治疗一氧化碳中毒伴心肌损伤的效果及对心肌损伤的保护作用。方法 选取2020年1月—2023年1月收治的一氧化碳中毒伴心肌损伤108例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各54例。全部患者实施高压氧治疗,观察组患者则加用还原性谷胱甘肽注射液治疗,2组患者均治疗2周。观察2组患者的治疗效果、血清学指标及心肌指标,以及2组患者不良反应情况。结果 观察组患者治疗总有效率(90.74%,49/54)较对照组(79.53%,41/54)高(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组患者超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶水平上升,而脂质过氧化物、丙二醛、肌酸激酶、心肌型肌酸激酶同工酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、心肌肌钙蛋白T水平下降,且观察组患者上述指标水平改变幅度高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者心电图异常率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组患者不良反应比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 还原型谷胱甘肽注射液联合高压氧治疗一氧化碳中毒伴心肌损伤的效果显著,对于心肌细胞损伤具有显著的改善作用。

Protective actions of salvianolic acid A on hepatocyte injured by peroxidation in vitro

INTRODUCTION Salvianolic radix,one of the most commonly usedtraditional Chinese herbs,was widely studied aboutits actions against liver injury and fibrosis,and wasone of the focuses of recent research.Salvianolic acid-A(SA-A)was an aqueous solublecomponent of Salvianolic radix.In our

EFFECTS OF COMBINATION OF ACUPUNCTURE AND MOXIBUSTION WITH CHINESE DRUGS ON LIPIDS PEROXIDE AND ANTIOXIDASE IN PATIENTS OF VASCULAR DEMENTIA

In the present paper, blood lipids peroxide(LPO) level and activities of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were investigated before and after combined treatment of acupuncture and moxibustion and Chinese drugs in patients of vascular dementia(VD), and their results were compared with those in healthy persons with the similar ages to the patients. The results showed that the blood LPO level increased significantly, and the activities of SOD and GSH-Px reduced significantly in patients of VD as compared with those in the control group. Degrees of patient’s condition were related with amplitudes of the increase of LPO and the reduction of activities of GSHPx and SOD. Combined treatment of acupuncture and moxibustion and Chinese drugs could raise markedly activitles of blood GSH-Px and SOD, and lowered LPO level in the patients of VD, which are related to clinical therapeutic effects. It is considered that combination of acupuncture and moxibustion with Chinese drugs can increase the action of the antiperoxidative system in the patients of VD, exerting anti-peroxidative ability and clearing LPO and reducing the oxidative injury of the organism by oxygen free radical, which is one of mechanisms of combined treatment of acupuncture and moxibustion with Chinese drugs.

Anti-lipid Peroxidization Effect of Huangdan on Chronic Renal Failure in Rats

The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in renal cortex and erythrocytes, the level of lipid peroxidant(LPO)in plasma,renal function and morphology of leftover kidney were examined in rats.The results showed that Huangdan capsule could slow down the increase of BUN and Scr,promote the SOD activity in renal cortex and erythrocytes, reduce the level of LPO in plasma and delay the renal pathological changes in 5/6 nephrectomized rats.The mechanism of Huangdan capsule's antiperoxidant effect, its effect on the renal pathological changes and relationship between the two effects were also discussed.

Targeting biosignatures of hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in diabetes comorbid depressive rats: effectiveness of hydroethanolic extract of the whole plant of Ludwigia octovalvis

Background:The prime objective of the current research was to evaluate the whole plant hydroalcoholic extract of Ludwigia octovalvis(HLO)against hyperglycemia,and oxidative stress biomarkers in rats induced with diabetes comorbid depression,diabetes comorbid depression(streptozotocin-nicotinamide+electric footshocks).Methods:2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay of HLO versus ascorbic acid was done.Effects of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight/day HLO doses versus 25 mg/kg body weight/day metformin was studied through insulin,glucose,superoxide dismutase,lipid peroxidation,catalase,and behavioral assessment(forced swim and open field tests).Results:IC50 values of HLO and ascorbic acid were 33.52 and 27.86μg/mL respectively.Both the HLO doses showed intended results with respect to oxidative stress biomarkers in diabetes comorbid depression rats in comparison to metformin.Open field test showed better results for HLO in diabetes comorbid depression rats.However,hypoglycemic effects,and forced swim test performance of metformin was slightly higher than the 400 mg dose,followed by the 200 mg dose of HLO.Ethyl gallate,gallic acid,β-sitosterol,and quercetin in HLO might resulted in attenuating diabetic as well as depression biomarkers.Conclusion:Inhibition of glucosidase and lipase activity,and AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation might be the possible biochemical changes occurred in HLO treated rats.

魔芋低聚糖对小鼠血糖含量和抗氧化能力的影响

目的 研究魔芋低聚糖对小鼠血糖含量及抗氧化能力的影响。方法 分别用 5 %、15 %的葡萄糖溶液和同样浓度的魔芋低聚糖溶液为小鼠 ig,取血样测定多项生化指标。结果 高浓度葡萄糖可使小鼠血糖含量增高 ,而同样浓度的魔芋低聚糖未使血糖含量发生明显变化 ,却使小鼠体内超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性明显升高 ,同时降低了过氧化脂质 (L PO)水平。结论 魔芋低聚糖不升高血糖 。

重金属污水对木榄幼苗几种保护酶及膜脂质过氧化作用的影响

用5个级别的人工复合重金属污水处理红树植物木榄Bruguiera gymnorrhiza幼苗,2个月后对其叶片和根系中的保护酶SOD、POD和CAT活性变化以及对膜脂质过氧化作用的影响进行分析。结果显示,当污染级别不大于5倍污水时,根系中SOD活性随污染程度的增加而增加,污染程度再升级其活性迅速下降但仍高于对照组水平;叶片中SOD活性在1倍污水时与对照组相比有所下降,随后的变化与在根系中的变化相似。POD活性在根系和叶片中的变化相对一致,均随污染级别的增加而升高;但在叶片中的变化幅度大于根系中的变化幅度。CAT活性在叶片中不受污染程度的影响,保持平稳,但在高程度污染下活性有下降趋势;而根系中CAT活性在10倍污水时达到最大值,污染程度再升级其活性下降。叶片中膜脂质过氧化作用随污染程度的增加而加剧,MDA的积累增加;但根系中MDA含量在5倍污水时最少,只为对照组的21.98%,其后随着污染程度的增加其MDA含量大幅度积累,膜脂质过氧化作用加剧。从整个试验结果分析认为,木榄在遭受重金属胁迫时具有优先保护根系以增强植物的抗重金属能力。

垂体后叶素性心肌缺血模型再探

本实验从自由基角度用垂体后叶素(Pit)性心肌缺血模型观察了小鼠心肌营养性血流(NBF),氧自由基(OFR)浓度,丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的动态变化。结果表明;在Pit引起NBF显著降低的同时OFR浓度显著上升,MDA含量显著增加,SOD活性显著下降。提示Pit性心肌缺血模型有异常显著的自由基反应,这在抗心肌缺血损伤研究中为筛选某些氧自由清除剂提供了方便、廉价、在体的动物模型。

葛根素对冠心病患者纤溶功能及过氧化脂质的影响

目的:观察葛根素对冠心病患者血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化脂质(LPO)、组织型纤维蛋白溶酶原激活物(TPA)及组织型纤维蛋白溶酶原激活物抑制剂(PAI1)的影响。方法:将48例患者分成葛根素治疗组和对照组,葛根素治疗组用葛根素注射液600mg加入250ml液体中静脉滴注,每天1次,共1周,余治疗同对照组。用亚硝酸盐比色测定血清SOD活力,放射免疫法测定血清SOD含量,TBA荧光显色法测定血清LPO含量,纤溶酶特异性的发色底物分解显色法测定TPA和PAI1的活性。结果:用葛根素治疗组血清SOD活力明显增高(P<001),LPO含量降低(P<001),对照组SOD活力及LPO含量用药前后无明显改变(P>005);血清SOD的含量治疗组用药前后和对照组比较皆无明显差异(P>005);治疗组TPA、PAI1明显升高(P<001),而对照组治疗前后无明显变化(P>005)。结论:葛根素能升高冠心病患者SOD活力、降低LPO含量、提高纤溶功能。