The reusable launch vehicle (RLV) presents a new avenue for reducing cost of space transportation. The landing mechanism, which provides landing support and impact absorption, is a vital component of the RLV at final ...The reusable launch vehicle (RLV) presents a new avenue for reducing cost of space transportation. The landing mechanism, which provides landing support and impact absorption, is a vital component of the RLV at final stage of recovery. This study proposes a novel legged deployable landing mechanism (LDLM) for RLV. The Watt-II six-bar mechanism is adopted to obtain the preferred configuration via the application of the linkage variation approach. To endow the proposed LDLM with advantages of large landing support region, lightweight, and reasonable linkage internal forces, a multi-objective optimization paradigm is developed. Furthermore, the optimal scale parameters for guiding the LDLM prototype design is obtained numerically using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) evolutionary algorithm. A fully-functional scaled RLV prototype is developed by integrating the gravity-governed deploying scheme to facilitate unfolding action to avoid full-range actuation, a dual-backup locking mechanism to enhance reliability of structure stiffening as fully deployed, and a shock absorber (SA) with multistage honeycomb to offer reliable shock absorbing performance. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed LDLM is capable of providing rapid and smooth deployment (duration less than 1.5 s) with mild posture disturbance to the cabin (yaw and pitch fluctuations less than 6°). In addition, it provides satisfactory impact attenuation (acceleration peak less than 10g (g is the gravitational acceleration)) in the 0.2 m freefall test, which makes the proposed LDLM a potential alternative for developing future RLV archetype.展开更多
In this paper, a robust attitude control system based on fractional order sliding mode control and dynamic inversion approach is presented for the reusable launch vehicle(RLV)during the reentry phase. By introducing t...In this paper, a robust attitude control system based on fractional order sliding mode control and dynamic inversion approach is presented for the reusable launch vehicle(RLV)during the reentry phase. By introducing the fractional order sliding surface to replace the integer order one, we design robust outer loop controller to compensate the error introduced by inner loop controller designed by dynamic inversion approach. To take the uncertainties of aerodynamic parameters into account,stochastic robustness design approach based on the Monte Carlo simulation and Pigeon-inspired optimization is established to increase the robustness of the controller. Some simulation results are given out which indicate the reliability and effectiveness of the attitude control system.展开更多
To be close to the practical flight process and increase the precision of optimal trajectory, a six-degree-offreedom(6-DOF) trajectory is optimized for the reusable launch vehicle(RLV) using the Gauss pseudospectral m...To be close to the practical flight process and increase the precision of optimal trajectory, a six-degree-offreedom(6-DOF) trajectory is optimized for the reusable launch vehicle(RLV) using the Gauss pseudospectral method(GPM). Different from the traditional trajectory optimization problem which generally considers the RLV as a point mass, the coupling between translational dynamics and rotational dynamics is taken into account. An optimization problem is formulated to minimize a performance index subject to 6-DOF equations of motion, including translational and rotational dynamics. A two-step optimal strategy is then introduced to reduce the large calculations caused by multiple variables and convergence confinement in 6-DOF trajectory optimization. The simulation results demonstrate that the 6-DOF trajectory optimal strategy for RLV is feasible.展开更多
Reentry attitude control for reusable launch vehicles(RLVs) is challenging due to the characters of fast nonlinear dynamics and large flight envelop. A hierarchical structured attitude control system for an RLV is pro...Reentry attitude control for reusable launch vehicles(RLVs) is challenging due to the characters of fast nonlinear dynamics and large flight envelop. A hierarchical structured attitude control system for an RLV is proposed and an unpowered RLV control model is developed. Then, the hierarchical structured control frame consisting of attitude controller, compound control strategy and control allocation is presented. At the core of the design is a robust adaptive control(RAC) law based on dual loop time-scale separation. A radial basis function neural network(RBFNN) is implemented for compensation of uncertain model dynamics and external disturbances in the inner loop. And then the robust optimization is applied in the outer loop to guarantee performance robustness. The overall control design frame retains the simplicity in design while simultaneously assuring the adaptive and robust performance. The hierarchical structured robust adaptive controller(HSRAC) incorporates flexibility into the design with regard to controller versatility to various reentry mission requirements.Simulation results show that the improved tracking performance is achieved by means of RAC.展开更多
A flight control system is designed for a reusable launch vehicle with aerodynamic control surfaces and reaction control system based on a variable-structure control and neural network theory.The control problems of c...A flight control system is designed for a reusable launch vehicle with aerodynamic control surfaces and reaction control system based on a variable-structure control and neural network theory.The control problems of coupling among the channels and the uncertainty of model parameters are solved by using the method.High precise and robust tracking of required attitude angles can be achieved in complicated air space.A mathematical model of reusable launch vehicle is presented first,and then a controller of flight system is presented.Base on the mathematical model,the controller is divided into two parts:variable-structure controller and neural network module which is used to modify the parameters of controller.This control system decouples the lateraldirectional tunnels well with a neural network sliding mode controller and provides a robust and de-coupled tracking for mission angle profiles.After this a control allocation algorithm is employed to allocate the torque moments to aerodynamic control surfaces and thrusters.The final simulation shows that the control system has a good accurate,robust and de-coupled tracking performance.The stable state error is less than 1°,and the overshoot is less than 5%.展开更多
Reusable launch vehicle is an important way to realize fast,cheap and reliable space transportation.A combined cycle engine system provides a more efficient and flexible form of power.The investigation on the research...Reusable launch vehicle is an important way to realize fast,cheap and reliable space transportation.A combined cycle engine system provides a more efficient and flexible form of power.The investigation on the research status of the combined cycle engine technology,including basic principle,research programs and classification of structure is firstly discussed in this paper.Then the bilevel hierarchical and integrated parameters/trajectory overall optimization technologies are applied to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of overall vehicle design.Simulations are implemented to compare and analyze the effectiveness and adaptability of the two algorithms,in order to provide the technical reserves and beneficial references for further research on combined cycle engine reusable launch vehicles.展开更多
An experimental study on examining aerodynamic characteristics of fuselage cross sections for RLVs (Reusable Launch Vehicles) was conducted at Mach number 0.3, 0.9 and 4.0 in the wind tunnel of ISAS (Institute of Spac...An experimental study on examining aerodynamic characteristics of fuselage cross sections for RLVs (Reusable Launch Vehicles) was conducted at Mach number 0.3, 0.9 and 4.0 in the wind tunnel of ISAS (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science), JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency). Three bodies, having the same projected area and length, with and without a set of fins, were tested. Their cross sections are a circle, a square and a triangle with rounded corners. The results showed that the fuselage cross sections had large effects on aerodynamic characteristics in subsonic and transonic flow. The lift coefficient of the model having the triangular cross section with a set of the fins was larger than that of the others in high angles of attack region due to contributions of the separation vortices generated from the fuselage expanding to the wing surface.展开更多
This paper analyzes the launch price of the launch vehicles, domestic and abroad, studies the status and trend of the low cost launch vehicles, and introduces two measures to reduce the cost by means of evolved and di...This paper analyzes the launch price of the launch vehicles, domestic and abroad, studies the status and trend of the low cost launch vehicles, and introduces two measures to reduce the cost by means of evolved and disruptive technologies, utilizing the concept of low cost manufacturing and operating modes as well. This paper also analyzes the launch strategies for small satellites such as piggyback, networking launch, and single launch with a small launch vehicle(SLV). Finally, the development trend of reusable launch vehicles is discussed as well as the development prospects for China's reusable launch vehicle.展开更多
The scramjet and maglev engineering technology development and trends at home and abroad are firstly presented in this paper. A new launch mode of space transportation system is proposed based on scramjet and magnetic...The scramjet and maglev engineering technology development and trends at home and abroad are firstly presented in this paper. A new launch mode of space transportation system is proposed based on scramjet and magnetic suspension technologies, and its key technologies required are given. This paper also makes analysis on using scramjet and magnetic suspension technologies to launch a reusable rocket, and the results show that a normal temperature conductor maglev launch system is feasible.展开更多
研究了重复使用运载器(reusable launch vehicle,RLV)末端能量管理段(terminal area energy manage-ment,TAEM)三维制导轨迹推演算法。根据初始点和终点的位置、航向、动压,规划动压参考剖面和横侧向参考轨迹,采用基于高度的质点动力学...研究了重复使用运载器(reusable launch vehicle,RLV)末端能量管理段(terminal area energy manage-ment,TAEM)三维制导轨迹推演算法。根据初始点和终点的位置、航向、动压,规划动压参考剖面和横侧向参考轨迹,采用基于高度的质点动力学方程推演生成符合过载、动压、终点位置和航向约束条件的三维制导轨迹。横侧向参考轨迹的设计可以分成两步:第一步,消除横向的位置误差,同时减小纵向的位置误差;第二步,消除纵向的位置误差。根据纵向位置误差大小,组合使用三种模态的轨迹予以消除,节省了计算量。仿真计算显示,三维制导轨迹推演算法具有快速、准确、对初始点位置和航向分布鲁棒性强的特点,为在线轨迹设计提供了基础算法。展开更多
文摘The reusable launch vehicle (RLV) presents a new avenue for reducing cost of space transportation. The landing mechanism, which provides landing support and impact absorption, is a vital component of the RLV at final stage of recovery. This study proposes a novel legged deployable landing mechanism (LDLM) for RLV. The Watt-II six-bar mechanism is adopted to obtain the preferred configuration via the application of the linkage variation approach. To endow the proposed LDLM with advantages of large landing support region, lightweight, and reasonable linkage internal forces, a multi-objective optimization paradigm is developed. Furthermore, the optimal scale parameters for guiding the LDLM prototype design is obtained numerically using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) evolutionary algorithm. A fully-functional scaled RLV prototype is developed by integrating the gravity-governed deploying scheme to facilitate unfolding action to avoid full-range actuation, a dual-backup locking mechanism to enhance reliability of structure stiffening as fully deployed, and a shock absorber (SA) with multistage honeycomb to offer reliable shock absorbing performance. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed LDLM is capable of providing rapid and smooth deployment (duration less than 1.5 s) with mild posture disturbance to the cabin (yaw and pitch fluctuations less than 6°). In addition, it provides satisfactory impact attenuation (acceleration peak less than 10g (g is the gravitational acceleration)) in the 0.2 m freefall test, which makes the proposed LDLM a potential alternative for developing future RLV archetype.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61425008,61333004,61273054)Top-Notch Young Talents Program of China,and Aeronautical Foundation of China(2015ZA51013)
文摘In this paper, a robust attitude control system based on fractional order sliding mode control and dynamic inversion approach is presented for the reusable launch vehicle(RLV)during the reentry phase. By introducing the fractional order sliding surface to replace the integer order one, we design robust outer loop controller to compensate the error introduced by inner loop controller designed by dynamic inversion approach. To take the uncertainties of aerodynamic parameters into account,stochastic robustness design approach based on the Monte Carlo simulation and Pigeon-inspired optimization is established to increase the robustness of the controller. Some simulation results are given out which indicate the reliability and effectiveness of the attitude control system.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(2012CB720003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10772011)
文摘To be close to the practical flight process and increase the precision of optimal trajectory, a six-degree-offreedom(6-DOF) trajectory is optimized for the reusable launch vehicle(RLV) using the Gauss pseudospectral method(GPM). Different from the traditional trajectory optimization problem which generally considers the RLV as a point mass, the coupling between translational dynamics and rotational dynamics is taken into account. An optimization problem is formulated to minimize a performance index subject to 6-DOF equations of motion, including translational and rotational dynamics. A two-step optimal strategy is then introduced to reduce the large calculations caused by multiple variables and convergence confinement in 6-DOF trajectory optimization. The simulation results demonstrate that the 6-DOF trajectory optimal strategy for RLV is feasible.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61174221)
文摘Reentry attitude control for reusable launch vehicles(RLVs) is challenging due to the characters of fast nonlinear dynamics and large flight envelop. A hierarchical structured attitude control system for an RLV is proposed and an unpowered RLV control model is developed. Then, the hierarchical structured control frame consisting of attitude controller, compound control strategy and control allocation is presented. At the core of the design is a robust adaptive control(RAC) law based on dual loop time-scale separation. A radial basis function neural network(RBFNN) is implemented for compensation of uncertain model dynamics and external disturbances in the inner loop. And then the robust optimization is applied in the outer loop to guarantee performance robustness. The overall control design frame retains the simplicity in design while simultaneously assuring the adaptive and robust performance. The hierarchical structured robust adaptive controller(HSRAC) incorporates flexibility into the design with regard to controller versatility to various reentry mission requirements.Simulation results show that the improved tracking performance is achieved by means of RAC.
文摘A flight control system is designed for a reusable launch vehicle with aerodynamic control surfaces and reaction control system based on a variable-structure control and neural network theory.The control problems of coupling among the channels and the uncertainty of model parameters are solved by using the method.High precise and robust tracking of required attitude angles can be achieved in complicated air space.A mathematical model of reusable launch vehicle is presented first,and then a controller of flight system is presented.Base on the mathematical model,the controller is divided into two parts:variable-structure controller and neural network module which is used to modify the parameters of controller.This control system decouples the lateraldirectional tunnels well with a neural network sliding mode controller and provides a robust and de-coupled tracking for mission angle profiles.After this a control allocation algorithm is employed to allocate the torque moments to aerodynamic control surfaces and thrusters.The final simulation shows that the control system has a good accurate,robust and de-coupled tracking performance.The stable state error is less than 1°,and the overshoot is less than 5%.
文摘Reusable launch vehicle is an important way to realize fast,cheap and reliable space transportation.A combined cycle engine system provides a more efficient and flexible form of power.The investigation on the research status of the combined cycle engine technology,including basic principle,research programs and classification of structure is firstly discussed in this paper.Then the bilevel hierarchical and integrated parameters/trajectory overall optimization technologies are applied to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of overall vehicle design.Simulations are implemented to compare and analyze the effectiveness and adaptability of the two algorithms,in order to provide the technical reserves and beneficial references for further research on combined cycle engine reusable launch vehicles.
文摘An experimental study on examining aerodynamic characteristics of fuselage cross sections for RLVs (Reusable Launch Vehicles) was conducted at Mach number 0.3, 0.9 and 4.0 in the wind tunnel of ISAS (Institute of Space and Astronautical Science), JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency). Three bodies, having the same projected area and length, with and without a set of fins, were tested. Their cross sections are a circle, a square and a triangle with rounded corners. The results showed that the fuselage cross sections had large effects on aerodynamic characteristics in subsonic and transonic flow. The lift coefficient of the model having the triangular cross section with a set of the fins was larger than that of the others in high angles of attack region due to contributions of the separation vortices generated from the fuselage expanding to the wing surface.
文摘This paper analyzes the launch price of the launch vehicles, domestic and abroad, studies the status and trend of the low cost launch vehicles, and introduces two measures to reduce the cost by means of evolved and disruptive technologies, utilizing the concept of low cost manufacturing and operating modes as well. This paper also analyzes the launch strategies for small satellites such as piggyback, networking launch, and single launch with a small launch vehicle(SLV). Finally, the development trend of reusable launch vehicles is discussed as well as the development prospects for China's reusable launch vehicle.
文摘The scramjet and maglev engineering technology development and trends at home and abroad are firstly presented in this paper. A new launch mode of space transportation system is proposed based on scramjet and magnetic suspension technologies, and its key technologies required are given. This paper also makes analysis on using scramjet and magnetic suspension technologies to launch a reusable rocket, and the results show that a normal temperature conductor maglev launch system is feasible.
文摘研究了重复使用运载器(reusable launch vehicle,RLV)末端能量管理段(terminal area energy manage-ment,TAEM)三维制导轨迹推演算法。根据初始点和终点的位置、航向、动压,规划动压参考剖面和横侧向参考轨迹,采用基于高度的质点动力学方程推演生成符合过载、动压、终点位置和航向约束条件的三维制导轨迹。横侧向参考轨迹的设计可以分成两步:第一步,消除横向的位置误差,同时减小纵向的位置误差;第二步,消除纵向的位置误差。根据纵向位置误差大小,组合使用三种模态的轨迹予以消除,节省了计算量。仿真计算显示,三维制导轨迹推演算法具有快速、准确、对初始点位置和航向分布鲁棒性强的特点,为在线轨迹设计提供了基础算法。