Multiparameter least-squares reverse time migration for acoustic–elastic coupling media based on ocean bottom cable data

In marine seismic exploration,ocean bottom cable technology can record multicomponent seismic data for multiparameter inversion and imaging.This study proposes an elastic multiparameter lease-squares reverse time migration based on the ocean bottom cable technology.Herein,the wavefield continuation operators are mixed equations:the acoustic wave equations are used to calculate seismic wave propagation in the seawater medium,whereas in the solid media below the seabed,the wavefields are obtained by P-and S-wave separated vector elastic wave equations.At the seabed interface,acoustic–elastic coupling control equations are used to combine the two types of equations.P-and S-wave separated elastic migration operators,demigration operators,and gradient equations are derived to realize the elastic least-squares reverse time migration based on the P-and S-wave mode separation.The model tests verify that the proposed method can obtain high-quality images in both the P-and S-velocity components.In comparison with the traditional elastic least-squares reverse time migration method,the proposed method can readily suppress imaging crosstalk noise from multiparameter coupling.

Effect of annealing time on the exchange coupling interactions and microstruc-ture of nanocomposite Pr_(7.5)Dy_1Fe_(71)Co_(15)Nb_1B_(4.5) ribbons

The influence of annealing time on the magnetic properties and microstructure of nanocomposite Pr7.5Dy1Fe71Co15Nb1B4.5 ribbons was systematically investigated by the methods of vibrating sample magnetometer （VSM）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and high resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM）. Interaction domains derived from strong exchange coupling interactions between hard and soft magnetic grains were imaged using magnetic force microscopy （MFM）. Maximum remanence, intrinsic coercivity, and maximum energy product values were obtained in the ribbons annealed at 700℃ for 15 min, which were composed of Pr2（Fe, Co）14B, α-（Fe, Co）, and slight Pr2（Fe, CO）17 phases. Although Jr, Hci, and （Bn）max decreased gradually with further increase of annealing time, it is emphasized that comparatively high Jr and Hci and （BH）max were obtained in a wide annealing time period of 15 to 360 min. The shape of initial magnetization curves and hysteresis loops change as a function of annealing time, indicating different magnetization reversal routes, which can be fully explained by the corresponding microstructure.

Photo-induced reductive cross-coupling of aldehydes, ketones and imines with electron-deficient arenes to construct aryl substituted alcohols and amines

Umpolung reactions of C=X bonds(X=O,N)are valuable ways of constructing new C–C bonds,which are sometimes difficult to be constructed using traditional synthetic pathways.Classical polarity inversion of C=X bonds(X=O,N)usually requires air or moisture‐sensitive and strong reducing agents,which limit the feasibility of substrate scope.Herein we describe a photo‐induced reductive cross‐coupling reaction of aldehydes,ketones and imines with electron‐deficient arenes(aromatic nitriles)using fac‐Ir(ppy)3as a photocatalyst and diisopropylethylamine(DIPEA)as a terminal reductant under visible light irradiation.Mild conditions and high yields mean that this new polarity inversion strategy can be used with aryl‐substituted alcohols and amines.Spectroscopic studies and control experiments have demonstrated the oxidative quenching of Ir(ppy)3*by electron‐deficient arenes involved in the key step for the C–C bond formation.

Inuence of Electron Donating Ability on Reverse Intersystem Crossing Rate for One Kind of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Molecules

First-principles calculations are applied for investigating influence of electron donating ability of donor groups in eight thermally activated delayed fluorescence（TADF） molecules on their geometrical structures and transition properties as well as reverse intersystem crossing（RISC） processes. Results show that the diphenylamine substitution in the donor part can slightly change the bond angle but decrease bond length between donor and acceptor unit except for the lowest triplet state（Ti） of carbazole-xanthone molecule. As the electron donating ability of donor groups is increased, the overlap between the highest occupied molecular orbital（HOMO） and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital（LUMO） is decreased. As the diphenylamine groups are added in donor part, the delocalization of HOMO is enlarged,which brings a decreased energy gap(△ES1-T1) between the lowest singlet excited state（S1）and T1 state. Furthermore, with the calculated spin-orbit coupling coefficient(HSO), one finds that the larger value of ■ is, the faster the RISC is. The results show that all investigated molecules are promising candidates as TADF molecules. Overall, a wise molecular design strategy for TADF molecules,in which a small △ES1-T1 can be achieved by enlarging the delocalization of frontier molecular orbitals with large separation between HOMO and LUMO, is proposed.

Nonlinear excitation of a geodesic acoustic mode by reversed shear Alfvén eignemodes

The parametric decay process of a reversed shear Alfvén eigenmeode(RSAE)into a geodesic acoustic mode and a kinetic RSAE is investigated using nonlinear gyrokinetic theory.The excitation conditions mainly require the pump RSAE amplitude to exceed a certain threshold,which could be readily satisfied in burning plasmas operated in steady-state advanced scenario.This decay process can contribute to thermal plasma heating and confinement improvement.

双向可逆的集中式电氢耦合系统容量优化配置

针对风光富集地区大型新能源发电厂的弃风弃光问题,利用可逆固体氧化物燃料电池(reversible solid oxide fuel cell,RSOC)结合氢储能的双向转换特性消纳多余风光资源,提出一种双向可逆的集中式RSOC电氢耦合系统容量优化配置方法。首先构建集中式RSOC电氢耦合系统架构,建立发电系统、电氢转换系统等模型;其次考虑燃料电池特性建立RSOC性能衰减模型,考虑特高压通道可用传输能力不确定性生成典型场景;进而建立集中式RSOC双层容量规划模型,上层以运营期收益最大为目标优化RSOC、储氢库容量配置,下层以综合成本最低为目标优化各设备出力,联合粒子群算法与Cplex求解器进行求解。最后通过算例分析,验证RSOC的加入提高了系统经济性及环境效益,同时投资灵敏度分析表明电池单位容量成本是制约系统经济运行的重要因素。

基于可逆固体氧化物电池的电氢耦合微电网全生命周期规划-运营研究

为促进实现“双碳”目标,新能源将成为未来能源供应的主体。考虑到高比例新能源对电力系统容量规划和调度运营带来的巨大挑战以及电氢能源需求量的持续增长对电力系统的影响,以微电网为研究对象,设计基于可逆固体氧化物电池的考虑源荷不确定性的电氢耦合微电网全生命周期规划-运营优化模型及其求解算法。首先,针对风光产电、电氢负荷等多种不确定因素,设计包含微电网全生命周期内各年份不同典型日的数据,以构成随机场景。其次,对电氢耦合微电网容量规划成本、全生命周期调度运营成本以及新能源年均渗透率等多个优化目标进行数学表达,并对各发电机组、可逆固体氧化物电池以及储氢库的规划-运营约束进行线性描述。然后,设计一种改进的增广ε约束算法求解模型的Pareto解集,并提出一种平衡决策方法从解集中获取最佳规划-调度方案。最后,仿真结果表明,所提方法能均衡各优化目标,在保证新能源高渗透率的同时提升电氢耦合微电网的可靠性以及规划-运营经济性。

钢板混凝土剪力墙拉弯剪性能试验研究

超高层建筑“细柔”特征容易引起底部剪力墙在强震下处于拉-弯-剪复合受力状态,中国《超限高层建筑工程抗震设防专项审查技术要点》(建质[2015]67号)建议墙肢采用配置型钢/钢板的方式来改善该种抗震性能,但缺乏相关试验研究。为此,进行了6片钢板混凝土剪力墙的低周往复荷载试验,研究了轴拉比、含钢率及剪跨比对墙肢拉弯剪性能的影响。研究表明:拉弯剪作用引起钢板混凝土剪力墙密集的裂缝分布和显著的钢材强化,并导致其剪切-拉弯耦合破坏。轴拉比增大,墙肢承载力、初始抗侧刚度和延性分别降低22%、41%和39%;剪跨比减小,墙肢承载力和抗侧刚度至少提升23%;同时增大含钢率和降低剪跨比,墙肢延性提高10%。相比其他国家规范,中国规范对拉弯剪作用下钢板混凝土剪力墙的抗剪承载力预测效果更好,但其未能考虑高含钢率对裂面销栓力的影响,故建议采用暗柱的初始含钢率进行修正。

基于电荷耦合效应的超级结JBS二极管的仿真分析

为提升现代单极型功率二极管的性能,进一步突破“硅极限”,通过加大传统JBS二极管中P+区结深,引入超级结结构以减薄芯片厚度,缓解传统单极型器件通态压降与反向阻断电压之间的矛盾,提高单位面积器件的导通电流密度。使用数值方法分析了超级结JBS二极管中P柱区浓度、N柱区宽度和N柱区浓度对正向导通特性以及反向阻断特性的影响,应用电场耦合效应理论分析了超级结JBS二极管的正向导通和反向阻断机理,设计了一款300 V的超级结JBS二极管。

基于电热耦合效应的锂电池荷电状态与温度状态联合估计

准确估计电池的荷电状态(SOC)和内部温度可以提高电池的性能和安全性。其中,电池模型的准确性和估计算法的适用性是关键。为了解决这两个问题,本文建立了圆柱形锂离子电池的多参数电热耦合模型。模型考虑电池SOC与温度变化之间的耦合关系,并且利用改进的熵热系数实验获得电池运行中产生的可逆热与不可逆热,通过可变遗忘因子最小二乘算法(VFFRLS)进行参数辨识,并对比独立的电模型与热模型的SOC与内部温度估计结果,验证了多参数电热耦合模型的准确性,结果证明所提模型相比较于单独的电热模型,估计精度提高了70%以上。最后,设计了一种基于奇异值分解的卡尔曼滤波(SVD-AUKF)算法来同时在线估计SOC和内部温度,并在改进的动态测试(DST)工况下对所提方法进行实验验证。结果表明:所提方法相较于扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)与无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)算法,能实现更高精度的SOC和温度估计,SOC与内部温度的平均误差分别是5%和0.2℃。

基于电化学-热耦合模型的动力电池逆向仿真建模与参数辨识

为了便于终端用户更容易获取到电芯内部相关的电化学参数数据,本文通过逆向拆解的方法结合电化学-热耦合模型,采用有限元仿真分析和电化学参数优化试验的方式,验证了所获取参数的精确性,并通过参数辨识的方式考虑了Bruggman系数,反应速率常数和固相扩散系数对动力电池充放电性能和温度的影响。研究结果表明:逆向拆解法可以精确地获取电池的动力学参数和热力学参数,对标锂电池的电压、温度误差范围在3%左右;Bruggman系数影响放电中后期的电压,增大数值增加极化,随着Bruggman系数的不断增大电池温度呈现减小趋势;反应速率常数影响全范围内的电压变化,温度随着反应速率常数的增大出现减小的状况,增大反应速率常数减小极化;固相扩散系数影响低SOC范围内的电压,增大数值减小极化。

硬密封双偏心球阀反向承压密封问题有限元研究

应用ANSYS软件对通径DN300、工作压力3.5 MPa、工作温度500℃的硬密封双偏心球阀反向承压密封面接触问题进行了非线性有限元分析,得到阀门关闭时在反向承压状态下有无预压紧条件下,硬密封双偏心球阀的应力应变图。通过有限元计算结果分析得到了硬密封双偏心球阀应用可移动阀座,并且通过对其预加合适的压紧力,能够更好地实现反向承压密封。同时分析结果还表明,双偏心球阀的阀板容易发生变形,变形会影响阀板和阀座的密封配合,双偏心球阀的阀板必须保证一定的刚性。理论和实践研究结果表明,阀座选用浮动形式的结构,通过预压紧提供初始密封压紧力后,通过阀内液体作用于阀座,阀座压紧阀板为密封提供压紧力实现密封的技术更适合双偏心球阀。研究对“双向零泄漏”硬密封双偏心球阀的结构设计有指导意义。

钢框架-灌浆轻钢剪力墙结构抗震性能试验研究

对钢框架-灌浆轻钢剪力墙结构足尺试件进行了水平低周往复加载试验,研究了灌浆轻钢剪力墙与钢框架的耦合效应,分析了结构的破坏模式、受力特征和耗能机理,得到了结构的承载能力、抗侧刚度、延性及耗能能力等。通过与纯钢框架及冷弯薄壁型钢灌浆墙体结构的试验结果对比,发现灌浆轻钢剪力墙通过自攻螺钉采用内嵌的方式与钢框架连接,二者具有良好的协同工作性能,框剪结构的抗剪承载力和抗侧刚度分别是钢框与墙体对应值之和的1.50倍和1.64倍,结构延性系数达5.42,抗震性能优良,研究结果可为该类结构的设计研究提供科学基础。

Cu和Zr元素取代对Sm_(2)Co_(7)快淬带磁性能的影响

采用感应熔炼和熔体快淬技术制备了Sm_(2)Co_(7-x)R_(x)(R=Cu、Zr;x=0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4)快淬带,研究了取代元素、取代量和快淬速度对快淬带磁性能、晶粒间相互作用和不可逆翻转场的影响规律。磁性能测试结果表明,Cu和Zr取代在快淬带内引起了强烈的钉扎效应,有助于提升快淬带的矫顽力,且均在x=0.3时获得最大矫顽力;Cu取代量x=0.1、0.2、0.4时快淬带的剩磁与最大磁能积随快淬速度逐渐降低,取代量x=0.3时表现为逐渐升高;Zr取代量x=0.1~0.4时快淬带的剩磁与最大磁能积均随快淬速度的增加先升高后降低。Henkel曲线测试结果表明,对于Cu元素和Zr元素取代,δM值均在x=0.3时达到最大,表明此时快淬带晶粒间的交换耦合作用最强;Sm_(2)(Co, Cu)_(7)和Sm_(2)(Co, Zr)_(7)快淬带的最大δM值分别为1.48和1.04。适量Cu、Zr元素取代可以提高Sm_(2)Co_(7)磁体在反磁化过程中的不可逆翻转场H_(n)。

逆王水-氢氟酸混合体系消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤中的硫元素

建立逆王水-氢氟酸混合酸体系消解,电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定土壤中硫(S)元素的方法,对逆王水在前处理过程中酸的作用、仪器测试干扰的消除及样品保存周期进行了讨论和优化。选用GBW07423(GSS-9)、GBW07424(GSS-10)、GBW07426(GSS-12)、GBW07428(GSS-14)、GBW07429(GSS-15)、GBW07430(GSS-16)6份不同地区的土壤成分分析标准物质进行测定,并以此研究了分析方法的线性和范围、灵敏度、准确度、精密度等特性。方法的检出限为0.022 mg/kg,相关系数≥0.999,满足样品分析要求,精密度试验相对标准偏差在4.0%~9.8%,回收率为89.0%~109.8%。

Shannon information capacity of time reversal wideband multiple-input multiple-output system based on correlated statistical channels

Utilizing channel reciprocity, time reversal（TR） technique increases the signal-to-noise ratio（SNR） at the receiver with very low transmitter complexity in complex multipath environment. Present research works about TR multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication all focus on the system implementation and network building. The aim of this work is to analyze the influence of antenna coupling on the capacity of wideband TR MIMO system, which is a realistic question in designing a practical communication system. It turns out that antenna coupling stabilizes the capacity in a small variation range with statistical wideband channel response. Meanwhile, antenna coupling only causes a slight detriment to the channel capacity in a wideband TR MIMO system. Comparatively, uncorrelated stochastic channels without coupling exhibit a wider range of random capacity distribution which greatly depends on the statistical channel. The conclusions drawn from information difference entropy theory provide a guideline for designing better high-performance wideband TR MIMO communication systems.

Dynamical Properties of Two Coupled Dissipative QED Cavities Driven by Coherent Fields

When two identical QED cavities driven by the coherent fields are located in a uniform environment, in addition to dissipation, there appears an indirect coupling between the two cavities induced by the background fields. We investigate the effects of the coherent fields, the dissipation as well as the incoherent coupling on the following dynamical properties of the system： photon transfer, reversible decoherence, and quantum state transfer, etc. We find that the photons in the cavities do not leak completely into the environment due to the collective coupling between the cavities and the enviroment, and the photons are transferred irreversibly from the cavity with more photons to the cavity with less ones due to the incoherent coupling so that they are equally distributed among the two cavities. The coherent field pumping on the two cavities increases the mean photons, complements the revived magnitude of the reversible decoherence, but hinders the quantum state transfer between the two cavities. The above phenomena may find applications in quantum communication and other basic fields.

The magnetization reversal behaviour for SmCo_(6.8)Zr_(0.2) and SmCo_(6.8)Zr_(0.2)/α-(Fe,Co) nanocrystalline magnets at low temperature

This paper reports that the SmCo6.8Zr0.2 nanocrystalline permanent magnets and SmCo6.8Zr0.2/a-（Fe,Co） nanocomposite permanent magnets are successfully produced by mechanical alloying and subsequently annealing at 700℃ for 10 minutes. The x-ray diffraction results show that the phase structure of SmCo6.8Zr0.2 nanocrystalline permanent magnets is composed of SmCo7 phase and SmCo6.8Zr0.2/a-（Fe,Co） nanocomposite permanent magnets is composed of SmCo7 and a-（Fe,Co） phases. The mechanism of magnetization reversal is mainly controlled by inhomogeneous domain wall pinning in SmCo6.8Zr0.2 and SmCo6.8Zr0.2/a-（Fe,Co） magnets. The inter-grain exchange interaction at low temperature is investigated, which shows that the inter-grain exchange interaction of SmCo6.8Zr0.2/a-（Fe,Co） magnets increases greatly by the decrease of the measured temperature. According to Amirr-H/Hcj, Amrev-H/Hcj and Xirr-H/Hcj curves at room temperature and 100 K, the changes of irreversible and reversible magnetization behaviours of SmCo6.8Zr0.2 and SmCo6.8Zr0.2/a-（Fe,Co） magnets with the decreasing temperature are analysed in detail. The magnetic viscosity and the activation volume of SmCo6.8Zr0.2 and SmCo6.8Zr0.2/a-（Fe,Co） magnets at different temperatures are also studied.

Temperature dependence of magnetization reversal mechanism in CoNi/CoO bilayers

Exchange coupling and magfietization reversal mechanism in two series of CoxNil-x/CoO （30 nm） （x=0.2 and 0.4） bilayers are studied by vector magnetometer. Two components of magnetization are measured parallel and perpendicular to the applied field. At low temperatures, coercivity Hc oc （tFM）^-n, n = 1.5 and 1.38 for x = 0.2 and 0.4, respectively, in agreement with the random field model. At room temperature, the coercivity is nearly proportional to the inverse FM layer thickness. In addition to the exchange field and the coercivity, the characteristic of the magnetization reversal mechanism was found to change with temperature. At temperatures below 180 K, magnetization reversal process along the unidirectional axis is accompanied only by nucleation and pinning of domain wall while magnetization rotation is also involved at high temperatures.

共轭多孔有机聚合物的制备及其对核废料中碘的捕获

将1,3,5-三乙炔基苯与2,7-二溴-9,9-二苯基芴进行Sonogashira-Hagihara偶联反应,成功合成了一种共轭多孔有机聚合物(命名为LNU-15).该聚合物的骨架分解温度在350℃以上,且不溶于有机溶剂,具有良好的化学稳定性和热稳定性.LNU-15主要以1.379nm的均一孔径存在.由于单开放通道、大量的强亲和力结合位点以及π共轭结构,LNU-15对碘具有优异的捕获能力,获得2,400mg/g的捕获量.根据拟二级动力学方程可知,LNU-15对碘的吸附速率常数为0.003g/(g⋅min),理论平衡捕获量为2,490mg/g.实际捕获量为理论量的96.4%.此外,LNU-15可在空气中加热或乙醇溶液中可逆释放碘,且具有一定的循环稳定性.LNU-15破解了由孔隙堵塞造成的“死空间”以及客体分子不易进入骨架的问题,可用于环境碘污染控制,并为核工业发展提供重要支撑.