FINITE ELEMENT NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TEMPERATURE FIELD IN METAL PATTERN CASTING SYSTEM AND "REVERSE METHOD" OF DEFINING THE THERMAL PHYSICAL COEFFICIENT

With the technology support of virtual reality and ANSYS software, an example on the simulation of temperature distribution of casting system during the solidification process was provided, which took the latent heat of phase change, the conditions for convection, and the interface heat transfer coefficient into consideration. The result of ANSYS was found to agree well with the test data. This research offers an unorthodox way or ＂reverse method＂ of defining the relevant thermal physical coefficient.

Effect of Preparation Method on Surface Area and Crystalline Form of CeO_2-ZrO_2 Solid Solution

The CeO_2-ZrO_2 solid solutions were prepared by a reverse microemulsion method. The effect of preparation parameters on the surface area and crystalline form of the solid solutions were studied by the BET surface area and XRD analysis. The studies indicate that the separation of the microemulsion phase during the preparation procedure can decrease the specific surface area of sample, adding hydrogen peroxide in the matrix solution can increase the specific surface area and stability of sample. The surface area of sample calcined at 550 ℃ for 5 h is 149 m^2·g^(-1), and that calcined at 900 ℃ for 6 h is 88 m^2·g^(-1). The sample with tetragonal symmetry Ce_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_2 phase has a higher stability.

Sensitivity and inverse analysis methods for parameter intervals

This paper proposes a sensitivity analysis method for engineering parameters using interval analyses.This method substantially extends the application of interval analysis method.In this scheme,parameter intervals and decision-making target intervals are determined using the interval analysis method.As an example,an inverse analysis method for uncertainty is presented.The intervals of unknown parameters can be obtained by sampling measured data.Even for limited measured data,robust results can also be obtained with the inverse analysis method,which can be intuitively evaluated by the uncertainty expressed in terms of an interval.For complex nonlinear problems,an iteratively optimized inverse analysis model is proposed.In a given set of loose parameter intervals,all the unknown parameter intervals that satisfy the measured information can be obtained by an iteratively optimized inverse analysis model.The influences of measured precisions and the number of parameters on the results of the inverse analysis are evaluated.Finally,the uniqueness of the interval inverse analysis method is discussed.

TiO_2 thin film photocatalyst

It is well known that the photocatalytic activity of TiO_2 thin filmsstrongly depends on the preparing methods and post-treatment conditions, since they have a decisiveinfluence on the chemical and physical properties of TiO_2 thin films. Therefore, it is necessary toelucidate the influence of the preparation process and post-treatment conditions on thephoto-catalytic activity and surface microstructures of the films. This review deals with thepreparation of TiO_2 thin film photo-catalysts by wet-chemical methods (such as sol-gel,-reversemicellar and liquid phase deposition) and the comparison of various preparation methods as well astheir advantage and disadvantage. Furthermore, it is discussed that the advancement ofphotocatalytic activity, super-hydrophilicity and bactericidal activity of TiO_2 thin filmphotocatalyst in recent years.

Reverse triple Ⅰ method of fuzzy reasoning

A theory of reverse triple I method with sustention degree is presented by using the implication operator R0 in every step of the fuzzy reasoning. Its computation formulas of supremum for fuzzy modus ponens and infimum for fuzzy modus tollens are given respectively. Moreover, through the generalization of this problem, the corresponding formulas of α-reverse triple I method with sustention degree are also obtained. In addition, the theory of reverse triple I method with restriction degree is proposed as well by using the operator R0, and the computation formulas of infimum for fuzzy modus ponens and supremum for fuzzy modus tollens are shown.

Design and Realization of a Novel Compact Electromagnetic Band-Gap Structure

A novel compact electromagnetic bandgap （EBG） structure constructed by etching two reverse split rings （RSRs） and inserting interleaving edge （IE） on the patch of conventional mushroom-like EBG （CML-EBG） is investigated. Simulated dispersion diagrams show that the proposed EBG structure presents a 13.6% size reduction in the center frequency of the bandgap. Two comparisons have been carried out for the analysis of the effect of the RSRs and IE configuration. Then, a sample of this novel EBG is fabricated and tested, further experimental data agree well with the simulated results. Thus, this EBG structure makes a good candidate to decrease mutual coupling in compact microstrip patch array.

Integration of nanoindentation and finite element method for interpretable tensile properties:A crossscale calculation method of uneven joints

Nanoindentation testing and its Reverse Analysis Method(RAM)show great potential in understanding the tensile properties of metallic alloys with various microstructures.Nevertheless,the tensile properties of heterogeneous materials such as nickel-based superalloy welded joints have not been well interpreted by combining the microstructures and nanoindentation results,due to their diverse and complex microscopic zones,which throws shade on the properties of separated zones in the material.Here we demonstrated a new method of implanting nanoindentation results into Finite Element Method(FEM)and applied the method to the welded joints with the zones of various microstructure features.The local properties are calculated by the nanoindentation data using RAM,and used as input of Finite Element(FE)simulation of an identical indentation process,to in turn verify the accuracy and reliability of the reverse model.The simulation results reveal that the global mechanical behaviors,such as Young's modulus,yield strength and strain hardening exponent,are related to the local properties to a great extent.Thus,the global properties can be verified by simulation straight after experiments,taking consideration of local properties and dimension parameters of different zones.It is shown that the maximum error between calculation of RAM and testing is within 5.1%in different zones,and the errors of maximum indentation depth and residual depth obtained by FE simulation are less than 2.4%,which indicates that the method provides a reliable prediction of mechanical properties of superalloy welded joints.

Designing method of acceleration and deceleration control schedule for variable cycle engine

Studies show that different geometries of a Variable Cycle Engine(VCE)can be adjusted during the transient stage of the engine operation to improve the engine performance.However,this improvement increases the complexity of the acceleration and deceleration control schedule.In order to resolve this problem,the Transient-state Reverse Method(TRM)is established in the present study based on the Steady-state Reverse Method(SRM)and the Virtual Power Extraction Method(VPEM).The state factors in the component-based engine performance models are replaced by variable geometry parameters to establish the TRM for a double bypass VCE.Obtained results are compared with the conventional component-based model from different aspects,including the accuracy and the convergence rate.The TRM is then employed to optimize the control schedule of a VCE.Obtained results show that the accuracy and the convergence rate of the proposed method are consistent with that of the conventional model.On the other hand,it is found that the new-model-optimized control schedules reduce the acceleration and deceleration time by 45%and 54%,respectively.Meanwhile,the surge margin of compressors,fuel–air ratio and the turbine inlet temperature maintained are within the acceptable criteria.It is concluded that the proposed TRM is a powerful method to design the acceleration and deceleration control schedule of the VCE.

Study of self-focusing in underwater waveguide by time reversal method

Acoustic wave time reversal self-focusing in underwater waveguide is studied. The acoustic wave time reversal is theoretically and experimentally investigated in a half-infinite fluid medium and a shallow fluid layer placed on a hard half-infinite solid medium, respectively. The ray approach method is adopted to study the far field of the acoustic field in theory, and the ultrasonic experiments have been carried out in laboratory to model the underwater waveguide. It is shown by theoretical and experimental results that the focusing gain can be improved by 12 dB or more.

On-machine measurement of tool nose radius and wear during precision/ultra-precision machining

The tool state exerts a strong influence on surface quality and profile accuracy during precision/ultraprecision machining.However,current on-machine measurement methods cannot precisely obtain the tool nose radius and wear.This study therefore investigated the onmachine measurement of tool nose radius on the order of hundreds of microns and wear on the order of a few microns to tens of microns during precision/ultra-precision machining using the edge reversal method.To provide the necessary replication,pure aluminum and pure copper soft metal substrates were evaluated,with pure copper exhibiting superior performance.The feasibility of the measurement method was then demonstrated by evaluating the replication accuracy using a 3D surface topography instrument;the measurement error was only 0.1%.The wear of the cutting tool was measured using the proposed method to obtain the maximum values for tool arc wear,flank wear,and wear depth of 3.4 lm,73.5 lm and 3.7 lm,respectively.