Detection of Ratoon Stunting Disease in Virus-free Seedcane via Real-time Fluorescence Quantitative PCR

This study was to develop the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technique for detecting the ratoon stunting disease （RSD） in virus-free seedcane seedlings. Healthy tissue culture seedlings were obtained from six plants of sugarcane ROC22, which had been confirmed RSD-positive by detecting the sugarcane juice, by employing the sugarcane seedlings production protocol. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect RSD pathogens in tissue culture sam- pies. The results showed that target fragment of RSD pathogens was not found in all 10 samples in real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, with the Ct values of 37 - 39. The healthy tissue culture sugarcane seedlings do not carry RSD pathogens, indicating that adopting healthy seedcane seedlings production technique could thoroughly get rid of RSD pathogens.

Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR非特异性扩增的研究进展

Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)因其高效快速、操作简便、高度敏感等优点获得广泛应用,但因其强大的放大功能而容易出现非特异性扩增的问题,尤其是荧光染料法中更加明显。文章对RT-qPCR的原理、非特异性扩增的发生因素、解决方案及该技术的应用前景进行了综述。

Application of Real-time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR in Plant

Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR （RQ-PCR） is a detection method by adding fluorescent dye or fluorescent probe into the PCR reaction system, using fluorescent signal accumulation to monitor amplification reactions of PCR reaction process, and finally the unknown template can be quantitatively analyzed through the standard curve. So the detection level of PCR has improved from the qualitative to the quantitative. In order to provide a theoretical reference for further application, the principle, classification, advantages and disadvantages of RQ-PCR were intro- duced, and its application and progress in plants in recent years were reviewed.

Development and Preliminary Application of SYBR Green I Real-Time Fluorescence Quantitative PCR Method for Detecting Porcine Parvovirus Virus

According to VP2 gene sequence of the porcine parvovirus virus strain NADL-2 （NC001718） available in GenBank （NC_001718）, a pair of specific primer was designed, and the target fragment of 431 bp was obtained by PCR amplification. The products were ligated with pMD18- T vector and then transformed into bacteria DH5α for recombinant plasmid extraction. After PCR identification and sequencing, recombinant plasmid was used as a standard template to establish the standard curve of SYBR Green I fluorescence quantitative PCR. Sensitivity test, specificity test and repeatability test were also determined. The results indicated that there was a good linear relationship between threshold cycle of the standard curve and template concentration, R2 =0.997 6. Tm ranged from 82.3 to 82.9 ℃, while the sensitivity was 72.1 copies/μl with good specificity and repeatability. The developed SYBR Green I real-time quantitative PCR method to detect PPV VP2 gene laid the basis for further studies on patho- oenesis, early clinical diaonosis of this virus and quantitative analysis of PPV infection.

Detection of Lactobacillus acidophilus in Fermented Material by Real-time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR

The species distinctive PCR primer of Lactobacillus acidophilus （ L. acidophilus） was designed according to 16S rRNA gene sequences of conunon Lac- tobacillus species in fermented material. Bacterial genome DNA of separated L. acidophilus in fermented sample was taken as template, and L. acidophilus in fer- mented material was conducted the quantitative determination by real-time quantitative PCR （RT-PCR）. Analysis on RT-PCR results shown that contents of L. aci- dophilus in the test sample reached 1.5 billion CFU / g. Test results shown that contents of L. acidophilus in fermented material could be detected accurately by the established RT-PCR method in the test. indicating that the established RT-PCR method could be aookued to the detection of L. acidophilus in fermented material.

Application of Real-time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR in Studies on Plants

Real-Lime fluorescent quantitative PCR is a method for quantitative analysis of gene expression developed in recent years, which has been widely used in various fields such as basic scientific research, clinical diagnosis, disease study, drug research and development since its appearance. It starts relatively late in study on plants, but has already been used for analysis of gene expression in plants and gene identification of exogenous genes. The principles or advantages and dis- advantages of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, or its potential problems and condition optimizations in tests were introduced in this study, and then the appli- cation and prospect of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR in study on plants were also been discussed.

Establishment of a Real-time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR Assay for Detection of Genetically Modified Maize Line MON88017

In order to improve the standardized technical systems of quantitative analyses for genetically modified organisms （GMOs） and products, ensure bio-safety and reduce ecological risk in China, a real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay was established for detection of genetically modified maize line MON88017. The established method was evaluated based on the specificity, sensitivity, accuracy and measurement uncertainty. The results showed that the established method had strong specificity in detection of genetically modified maize line MON88017. 1.50% MON88017 sample was detected with 29 replica- tions. The average measured value （ 1. 541% ） was close to the actual value （ 1.50% ） and the relative deviation was 2.70%. The variation coefficient of the measured value was 0.110 g ; the recovery was 100.00% and the measurement uncertainty was 0. 096. The limit of detection for genetically modified maize line MON88017 with the established method was 5 copies at the 97.5% confidence level. Thus, the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay established in this study exhibited high specificity, accuracy and sensitivity, which could provide technical support for the safety supervision of genetically modified organ- isms and products in China.

Primary application of a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction for the detection of human breast cancer related novel gene-Metadherin expression

Objective:The aim of this study was to detect the expression level of Metadherin (MTDH) in peripheral blood of the breast cancer patients by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR),and to explore the relationship between expression of Metadherin gene in the patients peripheral blood and the clinic-pathological features in breast cancer. Methods:Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was employed to determine the expression level of Metadherin gene in 80 peripheral blood samples of breast cancer patients and healthy donors. Results:The expression of Metadherin gene in breast cancer patients peripheral blood were positive,in which 34 breast cancer patients were highly expressed,accounting for 55.7%,while the expression of Metadherin gene in normal females peripheral blood were negative,there was statistical significance (Ratio = 2.02±0.81,P < 0.05); Ratio of the Metadherin expression in breast cancer patients peripheral blood and the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase expression was 1.15 ± 0.36. REST software analysis showed that the expression of Metadherin gene was significantly up-regulated in breast cancer. Conclusion:The SYBR Green I quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method can successfully detect the expression level of Metadherin gene. Expression level of Metadherin gene in breast cancer patients peripheral blood is closely related to survival,and it maybe involved in the development of breast cancer and used as an indicator of prognosis.

葡萄浆果内坏死病毒RT-q PCR检测技术建立及其在葡萄砧木中的时空分布规律

【背景】葡萄浆果内坏死病毒(grapevine berry inner necrosis virus,GINV)是近年来在中国报道的一种正单链RNA病毒,该病毒发生普遍且危害严重。高灵敏的检测技术是病毒田间监测和无病毒苗木培育的关键。【目的】建立灵敏度较高的GINV逆转录实时荧光定量PCR(reverse transcription real-time quantitative PCR,RT-qPCR)检测体系;明确不同葡萄砧木对GINV的敏感性;明确GINV在寄主植株中的时空分布规律,为该病毒的监测预警提供技术支撑。【方法】根据GenBank已登录GINV的复制酶(replicase,RP)、移动蛋白(movement protein,MP)和外壳蛋白(coat protein,CP)基因保守序列设计6套引物,通过常规RT-PCR和RT-qPCR筛选特异性强、扩增效果好的引物。再通过对退火温度和引物浓度等反应条件的优化建立GINV的SYBR Green I染料法RT-qPCR检测体系,并进一步对该技术的灵敏度、特异性和田间适用性进行评价。将GINV接种到贝达、SO4、101-14、140R和1103P 5种葡萄砧木上进行症状观察和病毒检测,以筛选GINV敏感性较高的指示植物。基于所建立的RT-qPCR技术对接种GINV葡萄砧木的不同生长时期、不同部位样品进行GINV检测,从而明确GINV在不同葡萄砧木的时空分布规律。【结果】建立了GINV SYBR Green I染料法RT-qPCR检测技术体系,其最佳引物为GINVRPYGF2/R2,最佳引物浓度为300 nmol·L^(-1),最佳退火温度为58.4℃。该技术对GINV的检测特异性强,其检测灵敏度达常规RT-PCR的1 000倍。症状观察结果表明贝达感染GINV的症状最为严重,表现为叶片系统性坏死,而其他砧木叶片仅表现褪绿斑驳和环斑症状。RT-qPCR检测结果表明GINV在EL27时期(坐果期)的相对含量最高,5个品种间的病毒相对含量在EL12(花序分明期)和EL27时期间无显著差异,EL31时期(果实增大期)的贝达与SO4、101-14、140R和1103P的病毒相对含量存在显著差异;GINV的相对含量在不同组织部位存在较大差异,由高到低依次为下部叶片、上部叶片、上部茎秆、下部茎秆、根部。【结论】建立了灵敏度高、特异性强的GINV RT-qPCR检测方法,利用该方法明确了GINV在不同葡萄砧木的时空分布规律。

Development of real-time PCR method for rapid detection and quantification of Heterosigma akashiwo

To rapidly detect the harmful algae H.akashiwo qualitatively and quantitatively, sequences of the 18S rDNA deduced from H.akashiwo were used for designing species-specific primers, and a RFQ-PCR (Real-time Fluorescent Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) method was developed for quantitative detection of H.akashiwo. Primer H.akashiwo and TaqMan probe were designed, and the specificity of primer was checked with PCR. A calibration curve was constructed with cycle threshold value against visual counted cell number. And the value of the curve was tested with other H.akashiwo samples, which were assayed with both the RFQ-PCR method and visual count under microscope.

基于直扩RT-PCR技术的寨卡病毒快速检测方法的建立

目的建立基于直扩实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术的寨卡病毒快速检测方法。方法采用特殊功能的DNA聚合酶,以及优选PCR增强剂,以此建立直扩RT-PCR技术的寨卡病毒快速检测5种样本(全血、血清、唾液、咽拭子和尿)的方法。结果5种样本检测限分别为血清103 PFU/mL,尿、咽拭子和唾液102 PFU/mL,全血104 PFU/mL,标准曲线的拟合优度的可决系数均在0.98以上,扩增效率均在90%~110%;寨卡病毒核酸成功扩增,非寨卡病毒核酸均未能扩增;尿、全血和唾液样本的重复性实验中106 PFU/mL和102 PFU/mL两个浓度的6个重复Ct值的变异系数均<5%。该研究建立的直扩RT-PCR技术的寨卡病毒检测方法与常规RT-PCR技术的检测结果一致,8个寨卡病毒样本,均只检测出2个血清样本,其余62个非寨卡病毒样本及12个阴性样本均未得到扩增。结论成功建立基于直扩RT-PCR技术的寨卡病毒快速检测方法,该方法简便快捷且灵敏度高、特异度强。

Changes of the Transcriptional Levels of Molecules Associated with Endogenous Antigen Processing and Presentation in Porcine Skin-derived Dendritic Cells Infected with PCV2 in vivo

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the changes of the transcriptional levels of molecules associated with endogenous antigen processing and presenta- tion in porcine skin-derived dendritic cells infected with PCV2 in vivo. [Method] Healthy 40-day-old Landrace piglets were infected with porcine circovirus type 2 （PCV2） and euthanized on the 34, 7rd, 14th, 21st and 35th d post inoculation （DPI）. The porcine skin-derived dendritic cells （DCs） were collected to analyze the transcrip- tional levels of molecules （LMP7, UBP, MHC-I, calreticulin） associated with endogenous antigen processing and presentation by using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR （real-time FQ-PCR）. [Result] The results showed that the level of LMP7 mR- NAs was reduced significantly on the 3DPI （P〈0.05）; the level of UBP mRNAs was consistently up-regulated, which increased significantly on the 21DPI and 35DPI （P〈 0.05）; the level of MHC-I mRNAs was significantly down-regulated on the 7DPI （P〈 0.05）; the level of calreticulin mRNAs was up-regulated slightly without significant dif- ference. [Conclusion] PCV2 can inhibit the endogenous antigen processing and presentation ability of porcine skin-derived DCs at early stages of infection.

Sequence Analysis and Quantitative Detection of Norwalk-like Viruses in Cultured Oysters of China

We isolated 4 Norwalk-like viruses （NLVs） contaminated oysters from 33 Chinese oysters collected from local commercial sources of Shandong Province. After amplification of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase （RdRp） region of NLVs genomes with RT-PCR, the open reading frame 1 （ORF 1） of the RdRp was sequenced and subjected to multiple-sequence alignment. The results showed that NLVs in the four isolates belong to genogroup Ⅱ. The sequence comparison showed that the similarity between four Chinese oyster isolates were higher than 99.0%, which indicated that NLVs prevalent in close areas have high homogeneity in genome sequences. In addition, the most conserved sequences between diverse NLVs were used to design primers and TaqMan probes, then the real-time quantitative PCR assay was performed. According to the standard curve of GII NLVs, the original amounts （copies） of NLVs in positive patient＇s fecal isolate, positive Japanese oyster isolate, and the Chinese oyster isolate were 8.9× 10^8, 1.25× 10^8 and 4.7× 10^1 respectively. The detecting limit of NLVs was 1 × 10^1 copies. This study will be helpful for routine diagnosis of NLVs pathogens in foods and thus for avoiding food poisoning in the future.

齿兰环斑病毒RT-qPCR检测方法的建立

【目的】针对齿兰环斑病毒(Odontoglossum ringspot virus,ORSV)建立快速、有效检测方法,对于保障兰花规模化生产有重要意义。【方法】以齿兰环斑病毒为材料,根据NCBI上已登录的齿兰环斑病毒外壳蛋白(coat protein,cp)基因序列分析其序列保守区,使用Primer Premier 5.0设计反转录荧光定量PCR引物及TaqMan荧光探针,建立检测齿兰环斑病毒的一步法RT-qPCR。构建齿兰环斑病毒cp基因克隆质粒,并以该质粒作为标准品进行荧光定量PCR标准曲线测定;以齿兰环斑病毒、建兰花叶病毒(Cymbidium mosaic virus,CymMV)、黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)的病毒RNA为模板进行一步法RT-qPCR特异性检测;以10倍倍比稀释的cp基因质粒为模板进行灵敏性检测;用该法对大田18个兰花样品进行齿兰环斑病毒感染情况监测。【结果】齿兰环斑病毒一步法RT-qPCR检测法仅检出齿兰环斑病毒阳性模板,其余模板检测结果为阴性,说明检测方法具有特异性;该方法能够检测到的齿兰环斑病毒cp基因最低拷贝数为130;大田兰花样品感染齿兰环斑病毒的检出率为100%。【结论】一步法RT-qPCR是一种特异性强、灵敏度高,且适合监测实际生产过程中兰花感染齿兰环斑病毒情况的检测方法。

樱桃病毒A实时荧光定量PCR检测技术的建立与应用

在樱桃病毒A(CVA)mp基因保守区域设计了3对检测引物,经特异性筛选后,获得可用于病毒定量研究的引物。制备质粒标准品,建立标准曲线,同时验证该方法的灵敏度和特异性,并应用于田间果树样品CVA定量检测。最终成功筛选出1对检测效率高、特异性强的引物(CVA-dF2、CVA-dR2),基于SYBR Green I荧光染料建立反转录实时荧光定量PCR检测CVA的方法。该方法重复性好、灵敏度高,无需借助内参基因即可准确检测目的病毒载量,绝对定量标准曲线斜率为-3.5746,决定系数R2为0.9986,扩增效率为0.9044,比常规RT-PCR检测灵敏度高10倍。该方法的建立为CVA定量研究提供了有力工具,可用于果树中CVA批量检测或低丰度病毒样品检测。

饮食习惯与肥胖患儿性早熟的相关性分析

目的探讨饮食习惯与肥胖患儿性早熟的相关性分析。方法选取苏州市吴中人民医院2019年3月至2022年3月期间收治的72例性早熟肥胖患儿作为观察组,另选取同期体检的健康肥胖儿童71例作为常规组。采用实时-逆转录荧光定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)检测两组外周血miR-125b水平,分析患儿饮食习惯。通过比较两组肥胖儿童的外周血miR-125b、饮食习惯,采用Logistic回归分析法分析外周血miR-125b、饮食习惯与肥胖患儿性早熟的关系。结果观察组外周血miR-125b表达水平高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组饮食没规律、荤多素少、高添加剂食品占比均高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组女性患儿、不良饮食习惯占比高于常规组,且经多因素分析显示外周血miR-125b表达水平、女性、不良饮食习惯是肥胖患儿性早熟的独立危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肥胖患儿性早熟外周血miR-125b表达水平高于健康肥胖儿童,不良饮食习惯高于健康肥胖儿童,外周血miR-125b表达水平偏高、不良饮食习惯偏低均为肥胖患儿性早熟的影响因素。

不同途径感染禽网状内皮组织增殖病病毒的动态监测

为明确鸡群经不同途径感染禽网状内皮组织增殖病病毒(REV)的排毒动态,本试验通过设立无特定病原体(SPF)鸡胚6胚龄卵黄囊感染组、1日龄SPF鸡腹腔感染组以及对上述两组SPF鸡分别加入感染鸡的卵黄囊感染同居组和腹腔感染同居组,建立SPF鸡感染REV模型,同时设置空白对照组,在不同日龄记录各组鸡的体重和死亡情况,并综合运用反转录PCR(RT-PCR)、实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)和间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)3种检测方法对各感染组进行REV的动态监测。结果显示:(1)与空白对照组相比,腹腔感染组和卵黄囊感染组SPF鸡体重增长在感染后第21~70天均受到显著抑制(P<0.05),卵黄囊感染组SPF鸡的死亡率在感染后第49和63天显著升高(P<0.05),腹腔感染组SPF鸡的死亡率在感染后第42天显著升高(P<0.05),卵黄囊感染组SPF鸡血浆中REV病毒载量在感染后第21天显著高于腹腔感染组(P<0.05);(2)卵黄囊感染组SPF鸡自出壳即可检测到病毒血症阳性,并在感染后第21天时达到排毒高峰,腹腔感染组SPF鸡在感染后第14天时达到排毒高峰;(3)卵黄囊感染同居组的10只SPF鸡在感染后第7天时即检测到2只鸡呈病毒血症阳性,腹腔感染同居组SPF鸡在感染后第21天时检测到1只鸡呈阳性;(4)3种检测方法中,RT-qPCR和IFA检出REV效果更好。本试验通过分析不同途径感染REV后鸡群血浆中的带毒状态,为REV感染的科学防控和净化提供参考数据。

禽呼肠孤病毒实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法的建立

为建立禽呼肠孤病毒（ARV）实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法，将PCR扩增的σC基因片段克隆到pGM-T载体，重组质粒经筛选、鉴定、SalⅠ单酶切，得到线性化转录模板DNA，将体外转录的RNA梯度稀释后作为阳性模板，用于标准曲线的制定。根据S1基因σC结构蛋白基因保守区域序列设计了1对特异性引物，以体外转录的RNA作为标准品，应用SYBRGreenI染料法建立了检测ARV的一步法实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法。特异性、敏感性和重复性试验结果表明，制作的标准曲线定量浓度范围宽，比常规的RT-PCR敏感1×10^3倍，可检测到5．2×10^2个拷贝的标准品RNA，与NDV、IBDV、MG均不反应；从攻毒鸡的关节组织中可以检测到病毒，病毒含量为1×10^5～1×10^7个拷贝／μL.表明，建立的实时荧光定量RT-PCR具有特异、敏感、快速、定量、重复性好等优点，可用于ARV的检测。

植物实时荧光定量PCR内参基因的选择

实时荧光定量RT-PCR(real-tim e quantitative reverse transcription PCR,qRT-PCR)具有定量准确、灵敏度高和高通量等特点,已被广泛应用于基因的表达分析。常规qRT-PCR采用相对定量进行分析,其关键步骤是选择合适的稳定内参基因进行校正和标准化。持家基因被广泛用作内参基因,但在所有生理条件下均稳定表达的理想内参基因并不存在。大多数传统内参基因已不能满足qRT-PCR准确定量的要求。基于基因芯片表达数据和EST数据库并结合qRT-PCR,可以筛选稳定性好的新的内参基因。简要综述了植物qRT-PCR内参基因的研究进展,并就内参基因的选择中应注意的问题进行了探讨。

‘琯溪蜜柚’荧光定量PCR内参基因的筛选

【目的】为了克隆‘琯溪蜜柚’的管家基因,并筛选合适的管家基因作为内参,【方法】以‘琯溪蜜柚’盛花期后5个不同时期的果实汁胞,以及根﹑茎﹑叶为材料,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术,分析actin1﹑β-tubulin﹑18S rRNA﹑EF1-α和Ubiquitin 5个管家基因在不同材料中的表达情况,并结合geNorm、NormFinder﹑comparative Delta-CT和BestKeeper 4种评估方法进行稳定性分析。【结果】结果表明,actin1和β-tubulin是‘琯溪蜜柚’果实发育进程中较为稳定的内参基因,而EF1-α和β-tubulin则是研究不同组织特定靶基因表达中稳定的内参基因。【结论】筛选出了‘琯溪蜜柚’最佳的内参基因β-tubulin,为今后目的基因的表达分析奠定了基础。